Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and levels of a lipid oxidation marker in plasma and nipple aspirate fluids

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are thought to reduce cancer risk by inhibiting cyclo-oxygenases, resulting in deceased formation of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. We examined whether the level of one oxidative stress marker, 15-F 2t -isoprostane, was affected by NSAID use in plasma and breast nipple aspirate fluids (NAF) of pre-menopausal women who were participating in a dietary intervention trial ( n =121). Baseline levels of 15-F 2t -isoprostane were lower in NSAID users than non-users in both NAF and plasma, although the differences did not persist after intervention. Over the duration of the study, information on NSAID use was collected five times, and average 15-F 2t -isoprostane levels in both NAF and plasma exhibited a statistically significant trend for decreases with increased frequency of NSAID use. These results indicate that NSAID use can result in lower levels of 15-F 2t -isoprostane, which may have implications for the effects of NSAID use on breast cancer risk.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44237/1/10549_2005_Article_9102.pd

Expression of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta1 and adiponectin in nipple aspirate fluid and plasma of pre and post-menopausal women

BACKGROUND:Nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) contains large amounts of protein thought to reflect the microenvironment of the breast, and is of interest in breast cancer prevention research. The correlation between specific NAF proteins to plasma concentrations have not been well studied in healthy women. We collected matched NAF and plasma from 43 healthy pre and postmenopausal women participating in an early phase clinical study to compare the levels of putative cancer protein biomarkers. We compared baseline NAF and plasma levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1), and adiponectin and evaluated menopausal status and body mass index (BMI) as potential modifying factors.FINDINGS:NAF and plasma levels of EGF, TGF-beta1 and adiponectin were not correlated. EGF and TGF-beta1 levels in NAF of premenopausal women were significantly higher than postmenopausal women (P's<0.01). These differences by menopausal status were not observed in plasma. Both NAF and plasma adiponectin levels were non-significantly higher in postmenopausal women. NAF biomarker levels were not associated with BMI whereas plasma EGF, TGF-beta1 and adiponectin levels in postmenopausal women were all inversely correlated with BMI (P's<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Protein biomarkers differ significantly between NAF and plasma and are affected differently by both BMI and menopausal status. This study demonstrates important differences in biological information gained by characterizing biomarkers in NAF compared to plasma and suggests each sample source may independently inform on breast cancer risk.This item is part of the UA Faculty Publications collection. For more information this item or other items in the UA Campus Repository, contact the University of Arizona Libraries at [email protected]