Therapist's experience of, and attitudes towards, barriers to the completion of therapeutic homework tasks in children, adolescents and families : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Psychology at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

Homework is a widely used therapeutic tool, employed by clinicians from a range of training backgrounds and across a variety of theoretical orientations. Theoretical and empirical support suggests that homework is an effective component of treatment for clients from a variety of populations presenting with a host of different disorders. Yet despite support for these assignments, few studies have directly investigated factors that may potentially interfere with the process of completing homework assignments. The present thesis aimed to address this gap in our knowledge by gathering survey data from a sample of 144 Marriage and Family Therapist regarding their attitudes and experience of homework barriers that have occurred in their clinical practice. Data obtained found support for the regular occurrence of twenty-one specific types of barriers. It was also revealed that a subset of "generic" factors frequently occurred across all client groups. The clinical implications of these barriers are discussed

Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act: Provisions Expiring in 2004

CRS_2004_Jobs_and_Growth_Tax_Relief_Reconciliation_Act.pdf: 676 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Quantum unsharpness, potentiality, and reality

Paul Busch argued that the positive operator (valued) measure, a generalization of the standard quantum observable, enables a consistent notion of unsharp reality based on a quantifiable degree of reality whereby systems can possess generalized properties jointly, whereas related sharp properties cannot be so possessed (Busch and Jaeger in Found Phys 40:1341, 2010). Here, the work leading up to the formalization of this notion to which he made great contributions is reviewed and explicated in relation to Heisenberg’s notions of potentiality and actuality. The notion of unsharp reality is then extended further by the introduction of a distinction between actual and actualizable elements of reality based on these mathematical innovations.Accepted manuscrip

Quantum contextuality in the Copenhagen approach

The origin and basis of the notion of quantum contextuality is identified in the Copenhagen approach to quantum mechanics, where context is automatically invoked by its requirement that the experimental arrangement involved in any measurements or set of measurements be taken into account while, in general, the outcome of a measurement may depend on other measurements immediately preceding or jointly performed on the same system. For Bohr, the specification of the experimental situation of any measurement is essential to its significance in light of complementarity and the omnipresence of the quantum of action in physics; for Heisenberg, the incompatibility of pairs of sharp measurements belonging to different situations coheres with both the completeness of the quantum state as an objective physical description and the principle of indeterminacy. Here, context in the Copenhagen approach is taken to be the equivalence class of experimental arrangements corresponding to a set of compatible measurements of quantum observables in standard quantum mechanics; the associated form of contextuality in quantum mechanics arises via the non-commutativity in general of sharp observables, proven by von Neumann, that can appear, providing different contexts. This notion is related to theoretical situations explored later by Bell, by Kochen and Specker, and by others in relation to the classification of hidden-variables theories and elsewhere in physics. This article is part of the theme issue 'Contextuality and probability in quantum mechanics and beyond'.Accepted manuscrip

Information and the reconstruction of quantum physics

The reconstruction of quantum physics has been connected with the interpretation of the quantum formalism, and has continued to be so with the recent deeper consideration of the relation of information to quantum states and processes. This recent form of reconstruction has mainly involved conceiving quantum theory on the basis of informational principles, providing new perspectives on physical correlations and entanglement that can be used to encode information. By contrast to the traditional, interpretational approach to the foundations of quantum mechanics, which attempts directly to establish the meaning of the elements of the theory and often touches on metaphysical issues, the newer, more purely reconstructive approach sometimes defers this task, focusing instead on the mathematical derivation of the theoretical apparatus from simple principles or axioms. In its most pure form, this sort of theory reconstruction is fundamentally the mathematical derivation of the elements of theory from explicitly presented, often operational principles involving a minimum of extra‐mathematical content. Here, a representative series of specifically information‐based treatments—from partial reconstructions that make connections with information to rigorous axiomatizations, including those involving the theories of generalized probability and abstract systems—is reviewed.Accepted manuscrip