Market Integration and Public Services in the European Union – Edited by M. Cremona

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91174/1/j.1468-5965.2012.02247_2.x.pd

The future of Obamacare

The United States, among democracies, was late in establishing universal health care for the same reason that the health care it has established, the Affordable Care Act (aka Obamacare or ACA) is wildly complex by the standards of most health systems. The basic problem is that the United States has a deliberately fragmented and fragmenting political system, rife with “veto players” who can change or frustrate legislation. It is far easier to block legislation in the United States than in other rich democracies. As a result health legislation in the United States is rarer, far more complex and full of the compromises needed to get anything passed

Debacle: Trump’s Response to the COVID-19 Emergency

Why did the United States, ranked as the world's best prepared country, fail so dramatically in its response to the COVID-19 pandemic? Part of the reason is the backdrop of a fragmented and largely market-driven health care system, part of the reason is a society marked by dramatic racial and economic inequality, but a key part of the reason is the structure of the public health system. The United States approach, which reflects the politics of American federalism, involves underinvestment and underpreparedness at every level of government except the federal. Effective response has to be led by the federal government. The complexity of the federal government is such that any effective federal response must be led by the White House. If the White House fails to lead, the federal government will fail to lead and the system as a whole will not be capable of effective public health response. That is exactly what happened in 2020.Instituto per gli Studli di Political Internazionale (ISPI), Milan.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156411/1/Debacle 2.pdfDescription of Debacle 2.pdf : Main articleSEL

The weakness of strong policies and the strength of weak policies: Law, experimentalist governance, and supporting coalitions in European Union health care policy

The experience of European Union (EU) health care services policy shows the importance of supporting coalitions in any effort to effect policy change and the extent to which the presence or absence of such coalitions can qualify generalizations about policymaking. EU health care services law is substantively liberalizing and procedurally driven by the courts, with little legislative input. But the European Court of Justice (ECJ) has been much better at establishing an EU competency in law than in causing policy development in the EU or member states. Literature on courts helps to explain why: courts are most effective when they enjoy supporting coalitions and the ECJ does not have a significant supporting coalition for its liberalizing health care services policy. Based on interview data, this article argues that the hard law of health care services deregulation and the newer forms of health care governance, such as the Open Method of Coordination and the networks on rare diseases, depend on supporting coalitions in member states that are willing to litigate, lobby, budget, decide cases, and otherwise implement EU law and policy. Given the resistance that the Court has met in health care sectors, its overarching deregulatory approach might produce smaller effects than expected, and forms of experimentalist governance that are easy to deride might turn out to have supporting coalitions that make them unexpectedly effective.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86909/1/j.1748-5991.2011.01107.x.pd

Rules for Rights: E uropean Law, Health Care and Social Citizenship

Social citizenship is about equality. The obvious problem for E uropean social citizenship in a very diverse U nion is that Member States will not be able or willing to bear the cost of establishing equal rights to health care and similar aspects of social citizenship. Health care is a particularly good case of this tension between EU citizenship and M ember S tate diversity. The E uropean C ourt of J ustice ( ECJ ) strengthened the right to health care in other Member States, but this cannot create an equal right to health care when Member States are so different. In its efforts to balance a E uropean right, the C ourt has formulated ‘rules for rights’—not so much European social citizenship rights, as a set of legal principles by which it judges the decisions of the M ember S tates.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102057/1/eulj12036.pd

Reinforcing Europe’s failed fiscal regulatory state

Fiscal governance in the EU is an exemplary case of the regulatory state; the EU governs member states’ fiscal and public policies through rules rather than expenditure. The weaknesses of the EU fiscal regulatory state were apparent to observers from before the introduction of the Euro, and were exposed in the financial crisis. EU leaders have nonetheless redoubled their commitment, expanding the range of policies subject to the fiscal regulatory stage, its intrusiveness into member state policies, and the penalties for noncompliance. We review and analyze them and conclude that there is a high risk that the EU fiscal governance will further increase the intrusiveness and unpopularity of the EU without disciplining member states or markets.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134505/1/Scott Greer and Holly Jarman_Revised_2.pdfDescription of Scott Greer and Holly Jarman_Revised_2.pdf : Main articl

The United States confronts Ebola: Suasion, executive action, and fragmentation

Forthcoming in the Cambridge University Press journal Health Economics, Policy, and Law. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=HEPThe United States’ experience with the Ebola virus in 2014 provides a window into US public health politics. First, the US provided a case study in the role of suasion and executive action in the management of public health in a fragmented multi-level system. The variable capacity of different parts of the US to respond to Ebola on the level of hospitals or state governments, and their different approaches, show the limitations of federal influence, the importance of knowledge and executive energy, and the diversity of both powerful actors and sources of power. Second, the politics of Ebola in the US is a case study in the politics of partisan blame attribution. The outbreak struck in the run-up to an election that was likely to be good for the Republican party, and the election dominated interest in and opinions of Ebola in both the media and public opinion. Democratic voters and media downplayed Ebola while Republican voters and media focused on the outbreak. The media was a key conduit for this strategic politicization, as shown in the quantity, timing, and framing of news about Ebola. Neither fragmentation nor partisanship appears to be going away, so understanding the politics of public health crises will remain important.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/120415/3/Ebola as accepted for posting clean.pd

The new political economy of healthcare in the European Union: The impact of fiscal governance

We argue that the political economy of health care in the European Union is being changed by the creation of a substantial new apparatus of European fiscal governance. A series of treaties and legal changes since 2008 have given the EU new powers and duties to enforce budgetary austerity in the member states, and this apparatus of fiscal governance has already extended to include detailed and sometimes coercive policy recommendations to member states about the governance of their health care systems. We map the structures of this new fiscal governance and the way it purports to affect health care decisionmaking.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/120416/1/New political economy as accepted.pdfDescription of New political economy as accepted.pdf : Main articl

Post-compromise Democrats, Medicare for All and the possible futures of American health policy

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143158/1/JHSRP editorial 2018 v3.pdfDescription of JHSRP editorial 2018 v3.pdf : Articl