Competing for a duopoly : international trade and tax competition

Oligopoly is empirically prevalent in the industries where MNEs operate and national governments compete with fiscal inducements for their FDI projects. Despite this, existing formal treatments of fiscal competition generally focus on the polar cases of perfect competition and monopoly. We consider the competition between two potential host governments to attract the investment of both firms in a duopolistic industry. Competition by identical countries for a monopoly firm's investment is known to result in a 'race to the bottom' where all rents are captured by the firm through subsidies. We demonstrate that with two firms, both are taxed in equilibrium, despite the explicit non-cooperation between governments. When countries differ in size, a single firm will be attracted to the larger market. We explore the conditions under which both firms in the duopoly co-locate and when each nation attracts a firm in equilibrium. Our results are consistent with the observed stability of effective corporate tax rates in the face of ongoing globalization, and our analysis readily generalizes to many specifications with oligopoly in the product markets

Factors affecting mortality in late stage Parkinson’s Disease

To determine the effect of dysphagia and hospital admissions on mortality in late stage Parkinson’s disease

SPIRAL Phase A: A Prototype Integral Field Spectrograph for the AAT

We present details of a prototype fiber feed for use on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) that uses a dedicated fiber-fed medium/high resolution (R > 10000) visible-band spectrograph to give integral field spectroscopy (IFS) of an extended object. A focal reducer couples light from the telescope to the close-packed lenslet array and fiber feed, allowing the spectrograph be used on other telescopes with the change of a single lens. By considering the properties of the fibers in the design of the spectrograph, an efficient design can be realised, and we present the first scientific results of a prototype spectrograph using a fiber feed with 37 spatial elements, namely the detection of Lithium confirming a brown dwarf candidate and IFS of the supernova remnant SN1987A.Comment: 41 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; accepted by PAS

The Effect of Krill Oil Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Markers of Immune Function

Date of Acceptance: 08/09/2015 Acknowledgments We thank the technical support of the Institute of Medical Sciences Musculoskeletal Programme and the Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Alkoxido, Amido, and Imido Derivatives of Titanium(IV) Tetratolylporphyrin

Treatment of (TTP)TiCl2 (1) [TTP = meso-5,10,15,20-tetra-p-tolylporphyrinato dianion] with excess NaOR (R = Ph, Me, t-Bu) affords the bis(alkoxide) derivatives (TTP)Ti(OR)2 [R = Ph (2), Me (3), t-Bu (4)] in moderate yield. The corresponding amido derivative (TTP)Ti(NPh2)2(5) is prepared in an analogous fashion employing LiNPh2. The disubstituted complexes 2, 3, and 5 react cleanly with (TTP)TiCl2 to afford the ligand exchange products (TTP)Ti(OR)Cl [R = Ph (6), Me (7)] and (TTP)Ti(NPh2)Cl (8), respectively. The monosubstituted complexes 6−8are also obtained by treatment of 1 with 1 equiv of the appropriate NaOR or LiNPh2 reagent. Treatment of 5 with excess phenol produces the bis(phenoxide) derivative 2 and 2 equiv of HNPh2. The imido derivatives (TTP)TiNR [R = t-Bu (9), Ph (10), C6H4-p-Me (11)] are prepared by the treatment of 1 with excess LiNHR. The t-Bu derivative (9) is also obtained by reaction of 1 with excess H2N-t-Bu at elevated temperatures. The phenyl imido complex (10) may be produced by the reaction of 0.5 equiv of PhNNPh with (TTP)Ti(η2-EtC⋮CEt) in refluxing toluene. Finally, (TTP)TiNTMS (12) is obtained by oxidation of (TTP)Ti(η2-EtC⋮CEt) with N3TMS

Facile Syntheses of Titanium(II), Tin(II), and Vanadium(II) Porphyrin Complexes through Homogeneous Reduction. Reactivity of trans-(TTP)TiL2 (L = THF, t-BuNC)

Facile syntheses of the meso-tetra-p-tolylporphyrin (TTP) complexes trans-(TTP)Ti(THF)2(1), (TTP)Sn (2), and trans-(TTP)V(THF)2 (3) are achieved through homogeneous reduction of high-valent precursors using NaBEt3H. The composition of the new compound trans-(TTP)Ti(THF)2 was determined by spectroscopic and chemical characterization. Ligand displacement reactions of trans-(TTP)Ti(THF)2 with t-BuNC produced a new Ti(II) complex,trans-(TTP)Ti(t-BuNC)2. The ligand-binding preference of (TTP)TiIILn (n = 1, 2) is picoline ∼pyridine \u3e t-BuNC \u3e PhC⋮CPh \u3e EtC⋮CEt \u3e THF

Embedding and sustaining change in technology-enhanced education : lessons learned from a cross-institutional transformation project

Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the work of Liz Foulis of Lauder (now Carnegie) College and Julie McCran from Edinburgh’s Telford College for the contribution they made as members of the core project team. We are also indebted to Heather Sanderson, the project manager, Dr Peter Easy who chaired the project steering group, and to other members of the project management team (Isabel Craig, Pascale Gay, Fred Percival and our administrator Anne Wardrope). Roger Rist and Laurence Patterson comprised the project’s evaluation team, while David Griggs produced the video case studies. TESEP was funded through a two-year grant from the Scottish Funding Council to Edinburgh Napier University in partnership with Edinburgh’s Telford College and Lauder College, Dunfermline.Peer reviewedPublisher PD