A sensitivity analysis on tidal stream turbine loads caused by operational, geometric design and inflow parameters

This paper presents a sensitivity analysis on a numerical tidal stream turbine model where a multitude of input parameters' effect on the load output were determined. The statistical procedure used, known as the Morris method, provided insight into the interactions between the parameters as well as showing their comparative influence on the turbine loading. The investigation covered parameters from the operational, geometric design and inflow variable domains where the rotor radius, current shear, blade root pitch, surface velocity and wave height were identified as most influential. The blade pitch was regarded as a surprisingly prominent influence on the loads. The turbine's operating depth and the blade geometry were also found to be of limited influence in the ranges investigated. In terms of load transmission into the internal components of a turbine's drive train, the rotor out-of-plane bending moment, or eccentric bending moment, was found to be a considerable contribution to the off-axis loads on the shaft. Therefore, special attention was paid to the input parameters' relationship to the eccentric load component by performing a detailed study on the load variations caused by the identified primary input parameters. It is concluded that performing a sensitivity analysis on a tidal stream turbine in a specific operating climate can yield insight to the expected load range and that the eccentric loading transmitted to the shaft is significant for most input cases

Scaling in Late Stage Spinodal Decomposition with Quenched Disorder

We study the late stages of spinodal decomposition in a Ginzburg-Landau mean field model with quenched disorder. Random spatial dependence in the coupling constants is introduced to model the quenched disorder. The effect of the disorder on the scaling of the structure factor and on the domain growth is investigated in both the zero temperature limit and at finite temperature. In particular, we find that at zero temperature the domain size, $R(t)$, scales with the amplitude, $A$, of the quenched disorder as $R(t) = A^{-\beta} f(t/A^{-\gamma})$ with $\beta \simeq 1.0$ and $\gamma \simeq 3.0$ in two dimensions. We show that $\beta/\gamma = \alpha$, where $\alpha$ is the Lifshitz-Slyosov exponent. At finite temperature, this simple scaling is not observed and we suggest that the scaling also depends on temperature and $A$. We discuss these results in the context of Monte Carlo and cell dynamical models for phase separation in systems with quenched disorder, and propose that in a Monte Carlo simulation the concentration of impurities, $c$, is related to $A$ by $A \sim c^{1/d}$.Comment: RevTex manuscript 5 pages and 5 figures (obtained upon request via email [email protected]

The exclusive B→πℓ+ℓ−B\to \pi \ell^+ \ell^- and B→ρℓ+ℓ−B\to \rho \ell^+ \ell^- decays in the general two Higgs doublet model

We study the differential branching ratio, branching ratio and the forward-backward asymmetry for the exclusive $B \to \pi \ell^+ \ell^-$ and $B \to \rho \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays in the general two Higgs doublet model including the neutral Higgs boson effects. We analyze the dependencies of these quantities on the neutral Higgs boson contributions and the other model parameters. We observe that two Higgs doublet model with the neutral Higgs boson exchanges gives quite sizable contributions to these observables for both channels we consider. Since the neutral Higgs boson exchanges are the only source of the forward-backward asymmetry for $B \to \pi \tau^+ \tau^-$ decay, which is at the order of magnitude $1-10$, measurement of this observable is promising to determine the neutral Higgs boson effects.Comment: 27 pages, 18 eps figures, requires JHEP3.cls (included), replaced with the version to appear in JHE

Leading logarithmic QCD corrections to the B_s --> \gamma \gamma decays in the two Higgs doublet model

We calculate the leading logarithmic QCD corrections to the decay B_s --> \gamma \gamma in the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) including O_7 type long distance effects and estimate the restrictions of the 2HDM parameters, tan\beta and m_H, using the experimental data of B --> X_s \gamma decay provided by the CLEO collaboration. A lower bound for the charged Higgs mass m_H as a function of the renormalization scale \mu is given for 2HDM model II. We further present the dependencies of the branching ratio Br(B_s --> \gamma \gamma) and the ratio |A^{+}|^2/|A^{-}|^2 on m_H and tan\beta including leading logarithmic QCD corrections. The dependence on the renormalization scale is found to be strong for both ratios. An additional uncertainty arises from the variation of the parameters of the bound state model, (m_b, \bar{\Lambda}_s). We see, that to look for charged Higgs effects the measurement of the branching ratio Br(B_s --> \gamma \gamma) is promising.Comment: 25 pages, 19 figures (required epsf.sty

Rare B -> K^* l^+ l^- decay, two Higgs doublet model, and light cone QCD sum rules

The decay width, forward-backward asymmetry and lepton longitudinal and transversal polarization for the exclusive K^* -> l^+ l^- decay in a two Higgs doublet model are computed. It is shown that all these quantities are very effective tools for establishing new physics.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX formatte

Early stage scaling in phase ordering kinetics

A global analysis of the scaling behaviour of a system with a scalar order parameter quenched to zero temperature is obtained by numerical simulation of the Ginzburg-Landau equation with conserved and non conserved order parameter. A rich structure emerges, characterized by early and asymptotic scaling regimes, separated by a crossover. The interplay among different dynamical behaviours is investigated by varying the parameters of the quench and can be interpreted as due to the competition of different dynamical fixed points.Comment: 21 pages, latex, 7 figures available upon request from [email protected]

Quantum Oscillations In Eufe2 As2 Single Crystals

Quantum oscillation measurements provide relevant information about the Fermi surface (FS) properties of strongly correlated metals. Here, we report on the Shubnikov-de Haas effect via high-field resistivity measurements of EuFe2As2 (Eu122) and BaFe2As2 (Ba122) single crystals. Although both pnictide compounds are isovalent with similar effective masses and density of states, at the Fermi level, our results reveal subtle changes in their fermiology. Remarkably, although the spin-density-wave (SDW) ordering temperature is higher in the Eu-rich end, Eu122 displays a much more isotropic and three-dimensional-like FS when compared with Ba122, in agreement with band structure calculations. Our experimental results suggest an anisotropic contribution of the Fe 3d orbitals to the FS in Ba122. We speculate that this orbital differentiation may be responsible for the suppression of the SDW phase in the FeAs-based compounds.9019Kamihara, Y., Watanabe, T., Hirano, M., Hosono, H., (2008) J. Am. 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Possible Unconventional Superconductivity In Substituted Bafe 2 As 2 Revealed By Magnetic Pair-breaking Studies

The possible existence of a sign-changing gap symmetry in BaFe 2 As 2 -derived superconductors (SC) has been an exciting topic of research in the last few years. To further investigate this subject we combine Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and pressure-dependent transport measurements to investigate magnetic pair-breaking effects on BaFe 1.9 M 0.1 As 2 (M = Mn, Co, Cu, and Ni) single crystals. An ESR signal, indicative of the presence of localized magnetic moments, is observed only for M = Cu and Mn compounds, which display very low SC transition temperature (T c) and no SC, respectively. From the ESR analysis assuming the absence of bottleneck effects, the microscopic parameters are extracted to show that this reduction of T c cannot be accounted by the Abrikosov-Gorkov pair-breaking expression for a sign-preserving gap function. Our results reveal an unconventional spin- and pressure-dependent pair-breaking effect and impose strong constraints on the pairing symmetry of these materials.4Kamihara, Y., Watanabe, T., Hirano, M., Hosono, H., Iron-based layered superconductor La[O12xFx]FeAs (x 5 0. 05-0. 12) with Tc 5 26 K (2008) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, p. 3296Rotter, M., Spin density wave anomaly at 140 K in the ternary iron arsenide BaFe2As2 (2008) Phys. Rev. B, 78, pp. 020503RIshida, K., Nakai, Y., Hosono, H., To what extent iron-pnictide new superconductors have been clarified: A progress report (2009) J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 78, p. 062001Hirschfeld, P.J., Korshunov, M.M., Mazin, I.I., Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors (2011) Rep. Prog. Phys., 74, p. 124508Chubukov, A.V., Pairing mechanism in fe-based superconductors (2012) Annu. Rev. Cond. Mat. Phys., 3, p. 57Bittar, E.M., Co-substitution effects on the fe valence in the BaFe2As2 superconducting compound: A study of hard x-ray absorption spectroscopy (2011) Phys. Rev. Lett., 107, p. 267402Granado, E., Pressure and chemical substitution effects in the local atomic structure of BaFe2As2 (2011) Phys. Rev. B, 83, p. 184508Wadati, H., Elfimov, I., Sawatzky, G.A., Where are the extra d electrons in transition-metal-substituted iron pnictides? (2010) Phys. Rev. Lett., 105, p. 157004Ideta, S., Dependence of carrier doping on the impurity potential in transition-metal-substituted feas-based superconductors (2013) Phys. Rev. Lett., 110, p. 107007Berlijn, T., Lin, C.-H., Garber, W., Ku, W., Do transition-metal substitutions dope carriers in iron-based superconductors? (2012) Phys. Rev. Lett., 108, p. 207003Hin, Z.P., Haule, K., Kotliar, G., Kinetic frustration and the nature of the magnetic and paramagnetic states in iron pnictides and iron chalcogenides (2011) Nature Materials, 10, pp. 932a-935aRosa, P.F.S., Evolution of Eu21 spin dynamics in Ba12xEuxFe2As2 (2012) Phys. Rev. B, 86, p. 165131Rosa, P.F.S., (2014) Site Specific Spin Dynamics in BaFe2As2: Tuning the Ground State by Orbital Differentiation, , arxiv:1402. 2001v01Garitezi, T.M., Transport critical current measurements on a Cu-substituted BaFe2As2 superconductor (2014) J. Appl. Phys., 115, pp. 17D704Rosa, P.F.S., Pressure effects on magnetic pair-breaking in Mn- and Eusubstituted BaFe2As2 (2014) J. Appl. Phys., 115, pp. 17D702Thaler, A., Physical and magnetic properties of Ba(Fe12xMnx) 2As2 single crystals (2011) Phys. Rev. B, 84, p. 144528Et Al., A., Pressure effects on the electron-doped high Tc superconductor BaFe22xCoxAs2 (2008) J Phys. Cond. 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Tradable Credits Scheme on Urban Travel Demand: A Linear Expenditure System Approach and Simulation in Beijing

Using a linear expenditure system (LES) approach, we investigate the influences of a new mobility management measure, a tradable credits scheme (TCS), on the pattern of daily trips measured in kilometres. Generally, we assume that an individuals’ travel consists of a car mode and a non-car mode. The effects of the TCS are discussed from a microeconomic perspective and using a scenario simulation study for the municipality of Beijing. Whilst other research has shown that travellers trade their credits and are generally inclined to non-car mode, the implementation of the tradable credits scheme demonstrated here is that travellers are likely to restrain their use of both car and non-car travel modes. Furthermore, both car and non-car mode trips are shown to be price inelastic, whilst the cross-price elasticity for different districts demonstrates a complementary relationship between car and bus modes

Prediction of Neutrino Fluxes in the NOMAD Experiment

The method developed for the calculation of the flux and composition of the West Area Neutrino Beam used by NOMAD in its search for neutrino oscillations is described. The calculation is based on particle production rates computed using a recent version of FLUKA and modified to take into account the cross sections measured by the SPY and NA20 experiments. These particles are propagated through the beam line taking into account the material and magnetic fields they traverse. The neutrinos produced through their decays are tracked to the NOMAD detector. The fluxes of the four neutrino flavours at NOMAD are predicted with an uncertainty of about 8% for nu(mu) and nu(e), 10% for antinu(mu), and 12% for antinu(e). The energy-dependent uncertainty achieved on the R(e, mu) prediction needed for a nu(mu)->nu(e) oscillation search ranges from 4% to 7%, whereas the overall normalization uncertainty on this ratio is 4.2%.Comment: 43 pages, 20 figures. Submitted to Nucl. Phys.