Overall survival and biochemical failure-free survival comparison of brachytherapy treatment options versus external beam radiation therapy for both low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer: A propensity-score matched analysis

Purpose: This study compares overall survival (OS) and biochemical failure-free survival (bFFS) in low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients that received brachytherapy [low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) or high-dose-rate brachytherapy with external beam radiation therapy (HDR-BT+EBRT)] versus external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) alone. Materials/Methods: Patient data was obtained from the ProCaRS database, which contains 7974 prostate cancer patients treated at four Canadian institutions. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to generate matched cohorts with balanced baseline prognostic factors. Results/Conclusions: Final PS matches included two 1:1 intermediate-risk patient matches, LDR-BT vs. EBRT (total n = 254) and HDR-BT+EBRT vs. EBRT (total n=388), and a 4:1 (LDR-BT:EBRT) low-risk match (total n=400). Hazard ratios for OS were 0.79 (p=0.69), 0.64 (p=0.47), and 1.41 (p=0.50), respectively. Hazard ratios for bFFS were 0.22 (p=0.001), 0.48 (p=0.007), and 0.35 (p=0.004), respectively. Conclusions: PS matching showed BT significantly improved bFFS but not OS in matched prostate cancer patients

2,3-Dimethoxy-10-oxostrychnidinium 2-(2,4,6-trinitroanilino)benzoate monohydrate: a 1:1 proton-transfer salt of brucine with o-picraminobenzoic acid

In the structure of the 1:1 proton-transfer compound of brucine with 2-(2,4,6-trinitroanilino)benzoic acid C23H27N2O4+ . C13H7N4O8- . H~2~O, the brucinium cations form the classic undulating ribbon substructures through overlapping head-to-tail interactions while the anions and the three related partial water molecules of solvation (having occupancies of 0.73, 0.17 and 0.10) occupy the interstitial regions of the structure. The cations are linked to the anions directly through N-H...O(carboxyl) hydrogen bonds and indirectly by the three water molecules which form similar conjoint cyclic bridging units [graph set R2/4(8)] through O-H...O(carbonyl) and O(carboxyl) hydrogen bonds, giving a two-dimensional layered structure. Within the anion, intramolecular N-H...O(carboxyl) and N H...O(nitro) hydrogen bonds result in the benzoate and picrate rings being rotated slightly out of coplanarity inter-ring dihedral angle 32.50(14)\%]. This work provides another example of the molecular selectivity of brucine in forming stable crystal structures and also represents the first reported structure of any form of the guest compound 2-(2,4,6-trinitroanilino)benzoic acid

4-Amino-N-(4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidin-2-yl)­benzene­sulfonamide–4-nitro­benzoic acid (1/1)

In the asymmetric unit of the title co-crystal, C7H5NO4·C12H14N4O2S, there are two independent but conformationally similar heterodimers, which are formed through inter­molecular N—H⋯Ocarb­oxy and carbox­yl–pyrimidine O—H⋯N hydrogen-bond pairs, giving a cyclic motif [graph set R 2 2(8)]. The dihedral angles between the rings in the sulfonamide molecules are 78.77 (8) and 82.33 (9)° while the dihedral angles between the ring and the CO2H group in the acids are 2.19 (9) and 7.02 (10)°. A two-dimensional structure parallel to the ab plane is generated from the heterodimer units through hydrogen-bonding associations between NH2 and sulfone groups. Between neighbouring two-dimensional arrays there are two types of aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions involving either one of the pyrimidine rings and a 4-nitro­benzoic acid mol­ecule [minimum ring centroid separation = 3.5886 (9) Å] or two acid mol­ecules [minimum ring centroid separation = 3.7236 (10) Å]

rac-4-Carbamoylpiperidinium cis-2-car­boxy­cyclo­hexane-1-carboxyl­ate

In the title racemic salt, C6H13N2O+·C8H11O4 −, formed from the reaction of cis-cyclo­hexane-1,2-dicarb­oxy­lic anhydride with isonipecotamide, the cations are linked into duplex chain substructures through both centrosymmetric cyclic head-to-head ‘amide motif’ hydrogen-bonding associations [graph set R 2 2(8)] and ‘side-by-side’ R 2 2(14) associations. The anions are incorporated into the chains through cyclic R 4 3(10) inter­actions involving amide and piperidinium N—H⋯Ocarbox­yl hydrogen bonds which, together with inter-anion carb­oxy­lic acid O—H⋯Ocarbox­yl hydrogen bonds, give a two-dimensional layered structure extending along (011)

rac-2-Amino­pyridinium cis-2-carb­oxy­cyclo­hexane-1-carboxyl­ate

In the structure of the title compound, C5H7N2 +·C8H11O4 −, the cis anions associate through head-to-tail carb­oxy­lic acid–carboxyl O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [graph set C(7)], forming chains which extend along c and are inter­linked through the carboxyl groups, forming cyclic R 2 2(8) associations with the pyridinium and an amine H-atom donor of the cation. Further amine–carboxyl N—H⋯O inter­actions form enlarged centrosymmetric rings [graph set R 4 4(18)] and extensions down b, giving a three-dimensional structure

Poly[di-μ-aqua-bis­(μ-2-amino-4-nitro­benzoato)dicaesium]

In the structure of title compound, [Cs2(C7H5N2O4)2(H2O)2]n, the asymmetric unit contains two independent Cs atoms comprising different coordination polyhedra. One is nine-coordinate, the other seven-coordinate, both having irregular configurations. The CsO9 coordination polyhedron comprises O-atom donors from three bridging water mol­ecules, one of which is doubly bridging, three from carboxyl­ate groups, and three from nitro groups, of which two are bidentate chelate bridging. The CsO6N coordination polyhedron comprises the two bridging water mol­ecules, one amine N-atom donor, one carboxyl­ate O-atom donor and four O-atom donors from nitro groups (two from the chelate bridges). The extension of the dimeric unit gives a three-dimensional polymeric structure, which is stabilized by both intra- and inter­molecular amine N—H⋯O and water O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to carboxyl­ate O-atom acceptors, as well as inter-ring π–π inter­actions [minimum ring centroid–centroid separation = 3.4172 (15) Å]

2,4,6-Trinitro-N-[4-(phenyl­diazen­yl)phen­yl]aniline

The title compound, C18H12N6O6, was prepared from the reaction of 4-(phenyl­diazen­yl)aniline (aniline yellow) with picryl­sulfonic acid. The dihedral angle formed by the two benzene rings of the diphenyl­diazenyl ring system is 6.55 (13)° and that formed by the rings of the picrate–aniline ring system is 48.76 (12)°. The mol­ecule contains an intra­molecular aniline–nitro N—H⋯O hydrogen bond

Ethane-1,2-diaminium 4,5-dichloro­phthalate

In the structure of the title compound, C2H10N2 2+·C8H2Cl2O4 2−, the dications and dianions form hydrogen-bonded ribbon substructures which enclose conjoint cyclic R 2 1(7), R 1 2(7) and R 4 2(8) associations and extend down the c-axis direction. These ribbons inter-associate down b, giving a two-dimensional sheet structure. In the dianions, one of the carboxyl­ate groups is essentially coplanar with the benzene ring, while the other is normal to it [C—C—C—O torsion angles = 177.67 (12) and 81.94 (17)°, respectively]

4-Amino­pyridinium cis-2-carb­oxy­cyclo­hexane-1-carboxyl­ate

In the structure of the title molecular salt, C5H7N2 +·C8H11O4 −, the cis monoanions associate through short O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds in the carb­oxy­lic acid groups [graph set C(7)], forming zigzag chains which extend along the c axis. These are inter­linked through pyridinium and amine N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, giving a three-dimensional network structure

1,1,3,3-Tetra­ethyl­isoindolin-2-ium chloride

In the title compound, C16H26N+·Cl−, the cations and anions form discrete centrosymetric cyclic dimers through N—H⋯Cl hydrogen-bonding associations with graph-set R 4 2(8)