Gaugino-Assisted Anomaly Mediation

We present a model of supersymmetry breaking mediated through a small extra dimension. Standard model matter multiplets and a supersymmetry-breaking (or ``hidden'') sector are confined to opposite four-dimensional boundaries while gauge multiplets live in the bulk. The hidden sector does not contain a singlet and the dominant contribution to gaugino masses is via anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking. Scalar masses get contributions from both anomaly mediation and a tiny hard breaking of supersymmetry by operators on the hidden-sector boundary. These operators contribute to scalar masses at one loop and in most of parameter space, their contribution dominates. Thus it is easy to make all squared scalar masses positive. As no additional fields or symmetries are required below the Planck scale, we consider this the simplest working model of anomaly mediation. The gaugino spectrum is left untouched and the phenomenology of the model is roughly similar to anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking with a universal scalar mass added. We identify the main differences in the spectrum between this model and other approaches. We also discuss mechanisms for generating the mu term and constraints on additional bulk fields.Comment: LaTeX, 26 pages, 8 eps figure

Coke Oven Emissions: A Case Study of Technology-Based Regulation

After examining and analyzing the experience with coke ovens, the authors conclude that attempts to force technology beyond its demonstrated competence can be both expensive and ineffective in controlling hazards. They also suggest implications for pending proposals to further control air pollution

Multi-wavelength holography with a single spatial light modulator for ultracold atom experiments

The authors acknowledge funding from the Leverhulme Trust Research Project Grant RPG-2013-074 and from the EPSRC grant GR/T08272/01.We demonstrate a method to independently and arbitrarily tailor the spatial profile of light of multiple wavelengths and we show possible applications to ultracold atoms experiments. A single spatial light modulator is programmed to create a pattern containing multiple spatially separated structures in the Fourier plane when illuminated with a single wavelength. When the modulator is illuminated with overlapped laser beams of different wavelengths, the position of the structures is wavelength-dependent. Hence, by designing their separations appropriately, a desired overlap of different structures at different wavelengths is obtained. We employ regional phase calculation algorithms and demonstrate several possible experimental scenarios by generating light patterns with 670 nm, 780 nm and 1064 nm laser light which are accurate to the level of a few percent. This technique is easily integrated into cold atom experiments, requiring little optical access.PostprintPeer reviewe

Laser diode initiated detonators for space applications

Ensign Bickford Aerospace Company (EBAC) has over ten years of experience in the design and development of laser ordnance systems. Recent efforts have focused on the development of laser diode ordnance systems for space applications. Because the laser initiated detonators contain only insensitive secondary explosives, a high degree of system safety is achieved. Typical performance characteristics of a laser diode initiated detonator are described in this paper, including all-fire level, function time, and output. A finite difference model used at EBAC to predict detonator performance, is described and calculated results are compared to experimental data. Finally, the use of statistically designed experiments to evaluate performance of laser initiated detonators is discussed

Electrophoretic Analyses of Serum Proteins of the Albino Rat

Author Institution: Department of Biology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403Study of the leukemias and polycythemia has been complicated by the inability to isolate pure preparations of suspected "control factors" of hemopoiesis. The presence in rat serum of a factor controlling granulocyte maturation in rat bone-marrow has been demonstrated, but precise analysis has not been possible because of the lack of clear identification of rat-serum proteins. This study analyzes serum proteins of the albino rat through relative electrophoretic mobilities and specific staining. Pooled rat- and human-serum samples were fractionated by gel nitration on Sephadex G-200. The resulting fractions were further separated by vertical discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Identification of proteins was based on relative mobility and on reactions with general portein, glycoprotein, lipoprotein, and haptoglobin stains. The low-molecular-weight fraction (MW 5,000-150,000) of rat serum contained prealbumin, albumin, three alpha-1, five alpha-2, and two beta globulins, and two alpha lipoproteins. The three alpha-1 globulins were implicated as a possible maturation factor. The slowest alpha-2 globulin was shown to be a haptoglobin. The intermediate-molecularweight fraction (MW 150,000-300,000) was composed of two gamma globulins, a benzidinepositive alpha-2 globulin, two alpha-1 globulins, and an alpha lipoprotein component. The high-molecular-weight fraction (MW 300,000+) contained a beta-lipoprotein, two gamma macroglobulins, and two alpha-1 macroglobulins. Further diffuse staining was present in the gamma region. All of the non-lipoproteins in these two fractions were glycoproteins. Mobilities of the major identifiable human-serum proteins (prealbumin, albumin, gamma globulin, haptoglobin) were similar to the same proteins in the rat, although many differences were apparent. Human albumin and prealbumin formed a separate fourth fraction which was not found in the rat

Feedback-enhanced algorithm for aberration correction of holographic atom traps

We show that a phase-only spatial light modulator can be used to generate non-trivial light distributions suitable for trapping ultracold atoms, when the hologram calculation is included within a simple and robust feedback loop that corrects for imperfect device response and optical aberrations. This correction reduces the discrepancy between target and experimental light distribution to the level of a few percent (RMS error). We prove the generality of this algorithm by applying it to a variety of target light distributions of relevance for cold atomic physics.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Metabolomic profiling and stable isotope labelling of Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus reveal major differences in amino acid metabolism including the production of 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, cystathionine and S-methylcysteine

Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus are pathogens that parasitise, respectively, human and bovine urogenital tracts causing disease. Using LC-MS, reference metabolomic profiles were obtained for both species and stable isotope labelling with D-[U-13C6] glucose was used to analyse central carbon metabolism. This facilitated a comparison of the metabolic pathways of T. vaginalis and T. foetus, extending earlier targeted biochemical studies. 43 metabolites, whose identities were confirmed by comparison of their retention times with authentic standards, occurred at more than 3-fold difference in peak intensity between T. vaginalis and T. foetus. 18 metabolites that were removed from or released into the medium during growth also showed more than 3-fold difference between the species. Major differences were observed in cysteine and methionine metabolism in which homocysteine, produced as a bi-product of trans-methylation, is catabolised by methionine γ-lyase in T. vaginalis but converted to cystathionine in T. foetus. Both species synthesise methylthioadenosine by an unusual mechanism, but it is not used as a substrate for methionine recycling. T. vaginalis also produces and exports high levels of S-methylcysteine, whereas only negligible levels were found in T. foetus which maintains significantly higher intracellular levels of cysteine. 13C-labeling confirmed that both cysteine and S-methylcysteine are synthesised by T. vaginalis; S-methylcysteine can be generated by recombinant T. vaginalis cysteine synthase using phosphoserine and methanethiol. T. foetus contained higher levels of ornithine and citrulline than T. vaginalis and exported increased levels of putrescine, suggesting greater flux through the arginine dihydrolase pathway. T. vaginalis produced and exported hydroxy acid derivatives of certain amino acids, particularly 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid derived from leucine, whereas negligible levels of these metabolites occurred in T. foetus

8-Ammonio­naphthalene-2-sulfonate monohydrate: the zwitterionic hydrate of 1,7-Cleve’s acid

The structure of 8-amino-2-naphthalene­sulfonic acid monohydrate (1,7-Cleve’s acid hydrate), C10H9NO3S·H2O, shows the presence of a sulfonate–aminium group zwitterion, both groups and the water mol­ecule of solvation giving cyclic R 3 3(8) O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen-bonding inter­actions, forming chains which extend down the a axis of the unit cell. Additional peripheral associations, including weak aromatic ring π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6299 (15) Å], result in a two-dimensional sheet structure