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èŠæ§ããããšèãããIn recent years, children who need advanced medical care at home has been increasing, however home nursing stations are not always available for those children. In this study, we aim to clarify the conditions which would facilitate the transition of children from hospital to home care and which could be fulfilled by child care unit nurses and visiting nurses. Child care unit nurses were asked using a questionnaire and the answers from open-ended questions were analyzed qualitatively. From the collected data, the issues which unit nurses and visiting nurses should tackle were examined. The results and discussion are described below : 1. As a whole, results were classified into the conditions of the community and the medical institution, the conditions of children and the conditions of their families. It turned out that various problems had accumulated. 2. The main objective which unit nurses should promote is to maintain the stable physical condition of the child and to let the family get the knowledge and skills for the child\u27s home care. Moreover, it was pointed out that many problems remain unsolved in the unit before the discharge. 3. The main objective which visiting nurses should tackle is to promote child acceptability at the visiting nursing stations. They are expected to provide advanced medical care at home, such as respirator management for children, and to support caregivers psychologically and physiologically. 4. A problem to be solved by collaborating with home nursing stations, hospitals, administration, and the community is assurance of enough rest for caregivers at home and providing social resources which will enhance quality improvement of care and social service systems which are easy to use. Therefore it is important to collaborate with the commumity and hospitals for better health systems. However, we didn\u27t investigate an actual case in which a child with disease was successfully shifted to home care. Thus a further investigation is needed to observe the actual barriers to promote the homecare of children suffering from illness
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æ¬æ°ãå€ãã£ããç¡ç æéãšESSããã³åžæç¡ç æéãšç¡ç æéã®å·®ãšESSã®éã«çžé¢ãã¿ãããSASã«ããç¡ç é害ã ãã§ãªããç¡ç æéã®äžè¶³ãåé¡ã§ããå¯èœæ§ããããšèããããããããããŒãããŒã®æç¡ãç¡ç ãé»å®³ããå åã«ãªãããå¯èœæ§ã瀺åããããä»åã®å¯Ÿè±¡è
ã§ã¯æ²»çéå§åã§ãã£ãããSASã®æ²»çã®ç¬¬äžéžæã§ããCPAPçæ³ã«ã¯å®¶æã®ãµããŒããéèŠã§ããããã®ããä»åŸãããããŒãããŒã®æç¡ãCPAPçæ³ã«ã©ã®ãããªåœ±é¿ãåãŒãã®ãã«ã€ããŠãæ€èšããŠããããšãéèŠã§ãããšèãããIt has been pointed out that Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) patients may have adopted life-styles which are poor for their sleep in order to alleviate symptoms that originate in disorders such as sleepiness and fatigue during the day. However, there is no clear evidence of what kind of maladaptive life-styles have been adopted by SAS patients. This research was therefore conducted with the aim of revealing the life-styles of SAS patients, and exploring the relationships between those life-styles and their correlation with the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) data, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Body Mass Index (BMI). It was conducted on 56 pre-treated patients diagnosed with SAS via analysis of questionnaires and AHI data from their medical records. The response-rate was 86%. An analysis of the relationships between the data derived from AHI, ESS, PSQI, and BMI to smoking, alcohol consumption, caffeine intake and sleeping hours showed a significant relationship between alcohol consumption and BMI data. Furthermore, a significant relationship was evident between smoking and PSQI data, with those who evaluated their sleep quality as poor smoking the most. A correlation could also be seen between sleeping time and the ESS data, and the difference between desired hours of sleep and actual sleeping time and the ESS data, indicating that not only sleep disturbance was caused by SAS, but also the lack of sleep time could be a problem. In addition, it was also suggested that the existence of a bed partner could be one factor disturbing sleep. While the subjects of this research had not yet been treated, family support is important to CPAP treatment. For this reason, it will also be essential to study the effect of a bed partner on CPAP treatment in the future
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ã®ç¡ç ã«å¯Ÿããèãæ¹ãç掻è¡åã«å€åãçŸããç¡ç ãæ¹åããå¹æãããããšã瀺åããããThe purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep status of the local residents who visited the "Neighborhood Health Station" and to examine the action method used for sleep consultations. The study volunteers consisted of 102 persons (average age: 55.9 years) who visited the "Neighborhood Health Station" established by H University. The investigation was carried out using questionnaires. Seventeen females (average age: 60.9 years) received individual sleep consultations using an Actiwatch and interventions were made. The results were then analyzed. Results 1) According to the questionnaire data, 49.0% were classified as good sleepers; 21.6% as marginal; and 29.4% were suspected of being insomniacs. About 50% of those who visited the "Neighborhood Health Station" had some issues or dissatisfaction with their sleep. 2) The main topics raised by individuals during sleep consultations were their difficulty in falling asleep, waking up in the middle of the night, snoring, hot flashes and also how to get advice on how to monitor their own sleep patterns. We conducted interventions such as a) creating an environment where visitors can freely discuss their insomnia problems, b) making use of the Actigraph\u27s data as one way of initiating intervention, c) examining clients\u27 lifestyles and having them reflect on this with the support of the counselor, d) acknowledging that a good sleep and good life habits are being achieved, and e) providing knowledge and information about sleep". 3) Of 17 visitors who had individual sleep consultations, seven were chosen for further interviews regarding their sleep status and lives at more than one month after the initial consultation. We witnessed changes in the visitors\u27 viewpoints and thinking, such as a) feeling assured by understanding their own sleep, b) acknowledging their own actions, and c) increased interest in sleep. Moreover, three out of the seven claimed that their sleep had improved. These sleep consultations were relied on waiting for clients to simply come in; however, in the future, we think that more active intervention will be necessary, such as conducting sleep health classes for groups. Intervening, in accordance with individual lifestyles by using the Actiwatch at the "Neighborhood Health Station" consultations, suggests that the clients\u27 ideas about sleep and lifestyle were modified and such interventions were effective in improving sleep
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ãšãã®å®¶æã®èª¿æ»ãè¡ããçŸç¶ãæããã«ããããšãä»åŸã®èª²é¡ã§ãããThe number of children with advanced medical care at home has recently increased. The aim of this paper is to clarify the present conditions and needs for the transition of children from hospitals to home care in Hyogo Prefecture. A postal and self-reported questionnaire and a semi-structured interview for nurses were conducted. The results of the questionnaires were analyzed statistically while interviews were analyzed using a case-study approach. RESULTS : Nurse Managers of hospitals gave the following numbers for possible transition of children from hospitals to home care : 53 respondents in 37 child care units and 59 respondents at 33 ambulatory service units. Staff nurses also gave more details about the 57 children. The percentage of children, who were ages 0-4, was 52%, and the ratio. of the nuclear families was 75%. Over 60% of the children required frequent advanced medical care such as suctioning and nasal tube feeding. Caregivers and/or nurses worried about the caregivers giving such medical care. About 40% of the children are respirator dependent. The examination of respite service problems of child home care included temporary nurseries, economic burdens on the families, and lack of slotted consultation times in hospitals. Nurses recognized that the wishes of the families are a key to a successful home care plan and were equally concerned about physician\u27s decision making due to the lack of knowledge and experiences in the area of child home care. DISCUSSION : The biggest concern was found to be the burden placed on the family to take care the child with advanced medical care at home. Immediate correspondence such as respite services and economic support for families was expected. The roles of nurses were found to be in supporting the family\u27s decision making, giving information, contacting and coordinating other professionals including doctors, and nurses/care managers visits. Nurses were also found to require more knowledge about child home care including the utilization of social resources. CONCLUSION : More research is needed in the area of child home care in order to facilitate better home care support for the affected children and their families
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èŠã§ããããšã瀺ããããThis study aimed to clarify the systems and disaster preparedness that are in place at health care facilities involved in cancer treatment to ensure that cancer patients receiving outpatient treatment can continue receiving treatment during a disaster, and to propose appropriate systems for ensuring continuation of treatment for cancer outpatients in times of disaster. In this study, interviews were conducted in five medical facilities that take precautionary measures in preparation for possible disasters in the near future, including a regional hub hospital for cancer treatment. Twelve people in charge of disaster preparedness and response were interviewed for approximately one hour about what system is in place at their respective hospitals to allow cancer outpatients to continue their treatment during a disaster and about how their hospitals prepare for disasters. The interviews revealed that the hospitals studied had no system in place to identify patients who need to continue treatment during a disaster, or to ensure that cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy or taking pain medicines can continue receiving treatment or medication. It was also revealed that, though there was no system specifically designed for use in disaster situations, it was possible to identify patients who needed to continue receiving treatment during a disaster by using the system employed during ordinary times in the following three ways: (1) using patient information acquired in ordinary times through health care professionals; (2) using electronic information media; and (3) using information stored on paper media such as medical records and name lists. The interview survey suggests that it can be expected that cancer specialist hospitals can serve as centers for cancer treatment in times of disaster by forming a network of cancer care hub hospitals. It is also suggested that it is necessary to improve self-care skills and abilities of cancer patients and their families to ensure that cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy and taking pain medicines can continue their treatment/medication during a disaster