The effect of anti-thyroid drug treatment duration and predictive for intraoperative blood loss in patients with Graves’ disease

Background: Grave’s disease frequently results in and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. It also often results in an enlarged thyroid. It also known as toxic diffuse goitre, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. Objective: To evaluate all the factors that cause intra-operative blood loss and how it affects the grave’s disease. Methods: This study was conducted on 200 patients with Grave’s disease, who underwent thyroidectomy during the period from May 2010 to April 2016. For a period of 14 days, all patients were administered with potassium iodide before the surgery. Conventional open surgery or neck surgery video assisted were performed. SPSS (Version 22.0) was used for analysis. Results: The majority of patients were females which constitute about 76.3% with a median age of 32 years. The median period between the onset of the disease and operation was 15 months. Weight of thyroid in grams was 40. Post-operative hospital stay was 3 days. Univariate analysis revealed that the strongest correlation of amount of intraoperative blood loss (AIOBL) was noted with the weight of thyroid (p<0.001). Additionally, AIOBL was correlated positively with the period be- tween disease onset and surgery (p<0.001) and negatively with preoperative free T4 (p<0.01).&nbsp

Analysis of pre-operative factors predicting difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the gold standard treatment for most gallbladder diseases. It has now become one of the most common operations performed by general surgeons. At times, it is difficult and takes longer time or some complications may occur or has to be converted in to open cholecystectomy. Objective: To study pre-operative factors in the patients to predict whether the laparoscopic cholecystectomy will be easy or difficult and to co-relate the pre-operative factors predicting a difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with intra-operative findings. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of General Surgery over a period of 2 years. Total 100 patients were included in the study. All patients were evaluated for risk factors preoperatively and intraoperative findings were noted. A chi-square test has been used to find the significant association of findings of the preoperative score with postoperative outcome. Results: 11 (11%) were males and 89 (89%) were females. In this series, age range for the enrolled patients was from 15 to 60 years. Majority were in the group 20-40 years of age (80 patients, 80%)