From a unstable periodic orbit to Lyapunov exponent and macroscopic variable in a Hamiltonian lattice : Periodic orbit dependencies

We study which and how a periodic orbit in phase space links to both the largest Lyapunov exponent and the expectation values of macroscopic variables in a Hamiltonian system with many degrees of freedom. The model which we use in this paper is the discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. Using a method based on the modulational estimate of a periodic orbit, we predict the largest Lyapunov exponent and the expectation value of a macroscopic variable. We show that (i) the predicted largest Lyapunov exponent generally depends on the periodic orbit which we employ, and (ii) the predicted expectation value of the macroscopic variable does not depend on the periodic orbit at least in a high energy regime. In addition, the physical meanings of these dependencies are considered.Comment: Accepted to Prog. Theor. Phys., 4 figure

Analytical Expression for Low-dimensional Resonance Island in 4-dimensional Symplectic Map

We study a 2- and a 4-dimensional nearly integrable symplectic maps using a singular perturbation method. Resonance island structures in the 2- and 4- dimensional maps are successfully obtained. Those perturbative results are numerically confirmed.Comment: To appear in Prog. Theor. Phy