21 research outputs found
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SLIGHTLY SALINE MEDIUM LOAM TYPICAL CHERNOZEMS IN CHORNOBAYIV REGION
The theoretical analysis of scientific sources was conducted in Chornobayiv Region to define general characteristics, including soil farmland. The soil fertility in Chornobayiv Region is one of the highest in Ukraine. The soils and environmental conditions of Chornobai zoning district are fully suitable to use agro-industrial qualities of agricultural areas (moisture resources and natural potential of soils), for development and introduction of selective farming systems and technologies adapted to specific natural conditions according to soil monitoring soil data. According to eco-geographical atlas of Ukraine and our results the soil cover characteristics were determined. To control the soil quality the data of agrochemical and eco-certification that allows them to assess the Agroecological state. Studies were carried out on slightly saline medium loam typical chernozems JV "Mayak". The environmental and agrochemical soil indices were studied. On the basis of data from ecological and agrochemical passports of fields soil quality indexes were defined by their suitability for agriculture. About 91% of all agricultural lands belong to the land of average quality. The soils of the first field crop rotation belong to moderate quality soils namely Class VI (fair lands) allowing them to be characterized as moderately supplied by nutrients and productive moisture. The pronounced negative properties of soils and technological properties of land decrease the quality and require additional measures to eliminate the negative effects
Prospects in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
Tendencies in five main branches of atomic spectrometry (absorption,
emission, mass, fluorescence and ionization spectrometry) are considered. The
first three techniques are the most widespread and universal, with the best
sensitivity attributed to atomic mass spectrometry. In the direct elemental
analysis of solid samples, the leading roles are now conquered by laser-induced
breakdown and laser ablation mass spectrometry, and the related techniques with
transfer of the laser ablation products into inductively-coupled plasma.
Advances in design of diode lasers and optical parametric oscillators promote
developments in fluorescence and ionization spectrometry and also in absorption
techniques where uses of optical cavities for increased effective absorption
pathlength are expected to expand. Prospects for analytical instrumentation are
seen in higher productivity, portability, miniaturization, incorporation of
advanced software, automated sample preparation and transition to the
multifunctional modular architecture. Steady progress and growth in
applications of plasma- and laser-based methods are observed. An interest
towards the absolute (standardless) analysis has revived, particularly in the
emission spectrometry.Comment: Proofread copy with an added full reference list of 279 citations. A
pdf version of the final published review may be requested from Alexander
Bol'shakov <[email protected]