34 research outputs found
A Redshift Dependent Color-Luminosity Relation in Type 1a Supernovae
Type 1a supernova magnitudes are used to fit cosmological parameters under
the assumption the model will fit the observed redshift dependence. We test
this assumption with the Union 2.1 compilation of 580 sources. Several
independent tests find the existing model fails to account for a significant
correlation of supernova color and redshift. The correlation of magnitude
residuals relative to the model and has a
significance equivalent to 13 standard deviations, as evaluated by randomly
shuffling the data. Extending the existing color correction to a relation
linear in redshift improves the goodness of fit by more than 50
units, an equivalent 7- significance, while adding only one parameter.
The correlation is quite robust, cannot be attributed to
outliers, and passes several tests of consistency. We review previous hints of
redshift dependence in color parameters found in bin-by-bin fits interpreted as
parameter bias. We show that neither the bias nor the change
of our study can be explained by those effects. The previously known relation
that bluer supernovae have larger absolute luminosity tends to empirically
flatten out with increasing redshift. The best-fit cosmological dark energy
density parameter is revised from to assuming a flat universe. One possible
physical interpretation is that supernovae or their environments evolve
significantly with increasing redshift.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters.
Contains few corrections and extra added details to 1303.0580v
Boosted dark matter signals uplifted with self-interaction
We explore detection prospects of a non-standard dark sector in the context
of boosted dark matter. We focus on a scenario with two dark matter particles
of a large mass difference, where the heavier candidate is secluded and
interacts with the standard model particles only at loops, escaping existing
direct and indirect detection bounds. Yet its pair annihilation in the galactic
center or in the Sun may produce boosted stable particles, which could be
detected as visible Cherenkov light in large volume neutrino detectors. In such
models with multiple candidates, self-interaction of dark matter particles is
naturally utilized in the {\it assisted freeze-out} mechanism and is
corroborated by various cosmological studies such as N-body simulations of
structure formation, observations of dwarf galaxies, and the small scale
problem. We show that self-interaction of the secluded (heavier) dark matter
greatly enhances the capture rate in the Sun and results in promising signals
at current and future experiments. We perform a detailed analysis of the
boosted dark matter events for Super-Kamiokande, Hyper-Kamiokande and PINGU,
including notable effects such as evaporation due to self-interaction and
energy loss in the Sun.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures; discussion on the boosted DM flux from the
Earth, references added, typos corrected; published in PL
Direct Detection of Dark Matter with MadDM v.2.0
We present MadDM v.2.0, a numerical tool for dark matter physics in a generic
model. This version is the next step towards the development of a fully
automated framework for dark matter searches at the interface of collider
physics, astro-physics and cosmology. It extends the capabilities of v.1.0 to
perform calculations relevant to the direct detection of dark matter. These
include calculations of spin-independent/spin-dependent nucleon scattering
cross sections and nuclear recoil rates (as a function of both energy and
angle), as well as a simplified functionality to compare the model points with
existing constraints. The functionality of MadDM v.2.0 incorporates a large
selection of dark matter detector materials and sizes, and simulates detector
effects on the nuclear recoil signals. We validate the code in a wide range of
dark matter models by comparing results from MadDM v.2.0 to the existing tools
and literature.Comment: 38 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables; v2. Matches the version accepted for
publication in Physics of the Dark Universe. We have improved table IV by
validating the other sps points of the MSS
Boosted Dark Matter at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
We investigate the detection prospects of a non-standard dark sector in the
context of boosted dark matter. We consider a scenario where two stable
particles have a large mass difference and the heavier particle accounts for
most of dark matter in our current universe. The heavier candidate is assumed
to have no interaction with the standard model particles at tree-level, hence
evading existing constraints. Although subdominant, the lighter dark matter
particles are efficiently produced via pair-annihilation of the heavier ones in
the center of the Galaxy or the Sun. The large Lorentz boost enables detection
of the non-minimal dark sector in large volume terrestrial experiments via
exchange of a light dark photon with electrons or nuclei. Various experiments
designed for neutrino physics and proton decay are examined in detail,
including Super-K and Hyper-K. In this study, we focus on the sensitivity of
the far detector at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment for boosted dark
matter produced in the center of the Sun, and compare our findings with recent
results for boosted dark matter produced in the galactic center.Comment: 11 Pages, 5 Figure