Obesity prevention messages, risk behaviors for eating disorders and body mass index: Cluster analysis

Public health experts have argued that obesity prevention campaigns can have negative health effects such as risk behaviors for eating disorders. This study aimed to identify the relationship between body mass index, the presence of risk behaviors for eating disorders, and hearing to obesity prevention messages. The adolescents were measured to calculate their body mass index. The presence of risk behaviors for eating disorders was evaluated, and the number and frequently of obesity prevention messages they heard was registered. A cluster analysis was used for the statistical analysis. Among the results it was found, that the adolescents reported hearing an average of seven different obesity prevention messages in one week; the most commonly heard message was measure your waist. The most common risk behaviors for eating disorders seen in the adolescents were excessive exercise and fear of gaining weight. One cluster were identified obese adolescents that reported hearing fewer obesity prevention messages and presented various risk behaviors for eating disorders. Other cluster were normal weight adolescents that reported hearing more obesity prevention messages and presented few risk behaviors for eating disorders. In conclusion, it is advisable to design campaigns that simultaneously prevent obesity and risk behaviors for eating disorders.Fil: Cruz Licea, Verónica. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Morán Álvarez, Isabel Cristina. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Plascencia González, Carmen. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Gongora, Vanesa Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentin

Optimal Tap Configuration for Step-Voltage Regulators Applied to Residential Feeders

IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) (2018, Portland, OR, USA

Resolution of inflammation in obesity-induced liver disease

Low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue is recognized as a critical event in the development of obesity-related co-morbidities. This chronic inflammation is powerfully augmented through the infiltration of macrophages, which together with adipocytes, perpetuate a vicious cycle of inflammatory cell recruitment and secretion of free fatty acids and deleterious adipokines that predispose to greater incidence of metabolic complications. In the last decade, many factors have been identified to contribute to mounting unresolved inflammation in obese adipose tissue. Among them, pro-inflammatory lipid mediators (i.e., leukotrienes) derived from the omega-6 polyunsaturated arachidonic acid have been shown to play a prominent role. Of note, the same lipid mediators that initially trigger the inflammatory response also signal its termination by stimulating the formation of anti-inflammatory signals. Resolvins and protectins derived from the omega-3 polyunsaturated docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids have emerged as a representative family of this novel class of autacoids with dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties that act as “stop-signals” of the inflammatory response. This review discusses the participation of these endogenous autacoids in the resolution of adipose tissue inflammation, with a special emphasis in the amelioration of obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions, namely insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Long-Term Effects of Calcium-Based Liming Materials on Soil Fertility Sustainability and Rye Production as Soil Quality Indicators on a Typic Palexerult

[EN] Liming is a common practice used to improve acidic soil properties, as is essential for agricultural quality. A long-term field experiment with one lime rate (6000 kg/ha of carbonate calcium equivalent) and three calcium-based liming amendments (gypsum, limestone and sugar foam) was maintained on a Typic Palexerult for 10 years in order to determine changes in soil acidity and to assess the effects on crop (rye) yields. The soil acidity conditions decreased with all the amendments tested, but the sugar foam and limestone was more effective than gypsum over a long-term period. No significant changes in organic soil matter levels between the treatments tested were found. Interestingly, an increase in the leaching of organic soil matter was observed in limed soils. Lime application significantly increased the total rye biomass compared to the control soils during the whole experiment (2002–2011). Yield trends observed in spike and stem biomass were similar to those reported for total rye biomass. In this respect, at the end of the research, gypsum, limestone and sugar foam increased in relation to the total production of rye biomass by 16%, 32% and 38%, respectively, as compared to the control soils. Additionally, a significant and prolonged difference in calcium concentrations in rye stems between unlimed and limed subplots was observed. However, in spite of the results presented here, further investigations are needed to gain a better understanding of the long-term effects of liming on the chemical properties of soil.S

Trajectories of wildfire behavior under climate change. Can forest management mitigate the increasing hazard?

Mediterranean forests and fire regimes are closely intertwined. Global change is likely to alter both forest dynamics and wildfire activity, ultimately threatening the provision of ecosystem services and posing greater risks to society. In this paper we evaluate future wildfire behavior by coupling climate projections with simulation models of forest dynamics and wildfire hazard. To do so, we explore different forest management scenarios reflecting different narratives related to EU forestry (promotion of carbon stocks, reduction of water vulnerability, biomass production and business-as-usual) under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate pathways in the period 2020–2100. We used as a study model pure submediterranean Pinus nigra forests of central Catalonia (NE Spain). Forest dynamics were simulated from the 3rd National Forest Inventory (143 stands) using SORTIE-nd software based on climate projections under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. The climate products were also used to estimate fuel moisture conditions (both live and dead) and wind speed. Fuel parameters and fire behavior were then simulated, selecting crown fire initiation potential and rate of spread as key indicators. The results revealed consistent trade-offs between forest dynamics, climate and wildfire. Despite the clear influence exerted by climate, forest management modulates fire behavior, resulting in different trends depending on the climatic pathway. In general, the maintenance of current practices would result in the highest rates of crown fire activity, while management for water vulnerability reduction is postulated as the best alternative to surmount the increasingly hazardous conditions envisaged in RCP 8.5.This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Inno- vation, projects FIREPATHS (PID 2020-116556RA-I00) and UMBRA-CLIM (PID 2019-111781RB-I00), and by the ERANET FORESTERRA project INFORMED (grant number: 29183). LEM was funded with a scholarship by the MSc in European Forestry Programme at the Uni- versity of Lleida. This work was also funded by project FirEUrisk - DEVELOPING A HOLISTIC, RISK-WISE STRATEGY FOR EUROPEAN WILDFIRE MANAGEMENT, which has received funding from the Eu- ropean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101003890

Diseño de un sistema borroso para la detección de intrusos

[ES] En los últimos años, debido al incremento en el uso de los ordenadores y la emergencia del comercio electrónico, la detección de intrusos se ha convertido en una prioridad importante, pues no resulta técnicamente factible construir un sistema invulnerable. La hipótesis de la investigación es que la Lógica Borrosa es capaz de producir "mejores" reglas que incrementen la flexibilidad y robusted de los sistemas de auditoría informática. De hecho, los Sistemas Basados en Reglas Borrosas (SBRBs) han demostrado ser una herramienta muy efectiva para el diseño de Sistemas Inteligentes de Análisis de Datos para problemas de control, clasificación, modelado etc., en aquellos contextos donde la información y/o los datos están afectados de imprecisión no probabilística. De esta forma, el principal propósito del presente del trabajo consistirá en elaborar un modelo de Sistema Experto Borroso aplicado a la Detección de Intrusos, para ello nuestra propuesta consiste en profundizar en los dos aspectos siguientes: el diseño de un SBRB y estudiar la adaptación de estos modelos en "minería de datos" relativos a la detección de intrusos

Coordinate Functional Regulation between Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor y (PPARy) in the Conversion of White-to-brown Adipocytes

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor and a master regulator of adipogenesis. Microsomal prostaglandin E (PGE) synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an inducible enzyme that couples with cyclooxygenase-2 for the biosynthesis of PGE2. In this study we demonstrate the existence of a coordinate functional interaction between PPARγ and mPGES-1 in controlling the process of pre-adipocyte differentiation in white adipose tissue (WAT). Adipocyte-specific PPARγ knock-out mice carrying an aP2 promoter-driven Cre recombinase transgene showed a blunted response to the adipogenic effects of a high fat diet. Pre-adipocytes from these knock-out mice showed loss of PPARγ and were resistant to rosiglitazone-induced WAT differentiation. In parallel, WAT from these mice showed increased expression of uncoupling protein 1, a mitochondrial enzyme that dissipates chemical energy as heat. Adipose tissue from mice lacking PPARγ also showed mPGES-1 up-regulation and increased PGE2 levels. In turn, PGE2 suppressed PPARγ expression and blocked rosiglitazone-induced pre-adipocyte differentiation toward white adipocytes while directly elevating uncoupling protein 1 expression and pre-adipocyte differentiation into mature beige/brite adipocytes. Consistently, pharmacological mPGES-1 inhibition directed pre-adipocyte differentiation toward white adipocytes while suppressing differentiation into beige/brite adipocytes. This browning effect was reproduced in knockdown experiments using a siRNA directed against mPGES-1. The effects of PGE2 on pre-adipocyte differentiation were not seen in mice lacking PPARγ in adipose tissue and were not mirrored by other eicosanoids (i.e. leukotriene B4). Taken together, these findings identify PGE2 as a key regulator of white-to-brown adipogenesis and suggest the existence of a coordinate regulation of adipogenesis between PPARγ and mPGES-1