Dinámica de la gestión de la innovación en servicios y co-creación en empresas del sector economía digital

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar como es el proceso de la gestión de innovación en un grupo de empresas del sector TIC y que se enmarcan en el contexto de economía digital. Además se analizan las actividades de co-creación que realizan las empresas en sus procesos de innovación. Se muestra una revisión de las consideraciones teóricas sobre la innovación en los servicios y co-creación; se presenta la propuesta de un modelo de innovación de seis fases, basado en el modelo TEMAGUIDE, al cual se le incorpora una fase de recursos humanos y otra de co-crear, y los aspectos metodológicos del estudio. Al final se presentan los resultados obtenidos y las principales conclusiones

Low-Cost Prototype to Automate the 3D Digitization of Pieces: An Application Example and Comparison

This work is aimed at describing the design of a mechanical and programmable 3D capturing system to be used by either 3D scanner or DSLR camera through photogrammetry. Both methods are widely used in diverse areas, from engineering, architecture or archaeology, up to the field of medicine; but they also entail certain disadvantages, such as the high costs of certain equipment, such as scanners with some precision, and the need to resort to specialized operatives, among others. The purpose of this design is to create a robust, precise and cost-effective system that improves the limitations of the present equipment on the market, such as robotic arms or rotary tables. For this reason, a preliminary study has been conducted to analyse the needs of improvement, later, we have focused on the 3D design and prototyping. For its construction, there have been used the FDM additive technology and structural components that are easy to find in the market. With regards to electronic components, basic electronics and Arduino-based 3D printers firmware have been selected. For system testing, the capture equipment consists of a Spider Artec 3D Scanner and a Nikon 5100 SLR Camera. Finally, 3D models have been developed by comparing the 3D meshes obtained by the two methods, obtaining satisfactory results

Microscopic study of nine galls induced in Populus nigra by aphids of the Iberian Peninsula

[EN] Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) feed on the phloem and some of them induce the formation of conspicuous galls on their primary hosts. Histological studies were proposed to elucidate the evolutionary history of galling habit in Pemphigini tribe, assessing if gall complexity indicates the phylogenetic relations among gall inducers. Nine Eriosomatinae galls induced on Populus nigra from the Iberian Peninsula were studied microscopically. The galls are induced by Pemphigini of the genera Thecabius (2 galls) and Pemphigus (7 galls). Using multiple correspondence analysis of the observed microscopic characteristics, a hierarchical cluster was obtained showing the existence of 2 groups of galls. One group consists of the 2 galls induced by Thecabius and, within the genus Pemphigus, those belonging to the subgenus Pemphigus (P. populi and P. vesicarius). The other group consists of galls of the genus Pemphigus, subgenus Pemphiginus (P. bursarius, P. immunis, P. spyrothecae, P. protospirae and P. populinigrae). The gall histological complexity is related to Pemphigini phylogeny, confirming the importance of such studies in galling aphid taxonomy and possible pathways of galling habit evolution. Similarities are established between the galls of Pemphigini aphids studied here with others we studied microscopically, induced by Fordini and Eriosomatini. Finally, a classification of all Eriosomatinae galls is proposed, establishing 3 groups: galls that cause severe malformations (induced by derived galling taxa), those that cause less severe malformations, and those that cause mild malformations (pseudogalls). It also demonstrates the importance of the strategy of waste evacuation in derived galling speciesS

Quality and Conservation of Riparian Forest in a Mountain Subtropical Basin of Argentina

The aims of this work were to describe the conservation status of riparian forests located in a mountain subtropical basin of Tucumán province, Argentina, and assess how the quality of riparian forests is related with altitude, plant species richness, proportion of exotic species, and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in adjacent rivers. Composition and species richness of riparian forests were studied at 16 sites located along an altitudinal gradient and TSS was determined from water samples collected in each site. In order to evaluate conservation status of riparian forests, we calculated an index of Quality of Yungas Riparian Forests (QBRy). We recorded 90 plant species at all sites, from which 77% were native. QBRy index was mainly associated with altitude and varied from riparian forests with good preservation or slightly disturbed to those with extreme degradation. At lower altitude, forests were more disturbed, more invaded by exotic plant species, and closer to urban and cropped areas. QBRy was not correlated with species richness or TSS. Like other riparian forests of Argentina, plant species invasion increased their degradation; therefore, future studies should focus on native riparian forests conservation and on the management of invasive plant species, which affect their quality

Aproximación metodológica al análisis de la estructura de las tendencias de lluvia

Authors develop basic techniques to detect change in rainfall regime. It is defended the thesis that any rainfall prediction developed by volume trend analysis without variability trend analysis could be in error.Los autores desarrollan las técnicas más elementales para detectar cambios en el régimen de precipitación y defienden la tesis de que sin el estudio de la tendencia del cambio de la variabilidad, cualquier predicción basada en el análisis simple del signo de las tendencias o la magnitud del cambio en el volumen puede ocultar errores que lleven a predicciones sumamente equivocadas

Modificación del ajuste de Ahnert para calcular periodos de retorno de precipitaciones extremas en ambientes de elevada variabilidad pluvial. Aplicación a la comunidad valenciana

A new version of Ahnert model's (1986) to calculate recurrence intervals of extreme events is presented, and the results are compared with Gumbel approach. The residual analysis of both function applied to 96 climatic stations in Comunidad Valenciana (E of Spain) suggest that in environments of extreme rainfall variability, as those under Mediterranean climate, the Ahnert modification approach can be more acute.Se presenta una modificación al ajuste semilogarítmico de Ahnert (1986) para el cálculo de los períodos de retorno de sucesos extremos y se comparan sus resultados con los obtenidos por el método de Gumbel. El análisis espacial de los residuos de ambas funciones en 96 observatorios de la Comunidad Valenciana sugiere que, en ambientes de extrema irregularidad pluvial como los de clima mediterráneo, la modificación propuesta en este trabajo a la función de Ahnert puede ser más precisa en el reconocimiento de los sucesos extremos

Design considerations for a low-noise CMOS image sensor

This paper reports a Low-Noise CMOS Image Sensor. Low-noise operation is achieved owing to the combination of a noise-enhanced pixel, the use of a two-step ADC architecture and the analysis, and the optimization thereof, of the noise contributed by the readout channel. The paper basically gathers the sensor architecture, the ADC converter architecture, the outcome of the noise analysis and some basic characterization data. The general low-noise design framework is discussed in the companion presentation.Junta de Andalucía TIC 2012-2338Office of Naval Research (USA) N00014141035

Modificación del ajuste de Ahnert para calcular periodos de retorno de precipitaciones extremas en ambientes de elevada variabilidad pluvial. Aplicación a la Comunidad Valenciana

Se presenta una modificación al ajuste semilogarítmico de Ahnert (1986) para el cálculo de los períodos de retorno de sucesos extremos y se comparan sus resultados con los obtenidos por el método de Gumbel. El análisis espacial de los residuos de ambas funciones en 96 observatorios de la Comunidad Valenciana sugiere que, en ambientes de extrema irregularidad pluvial como los de clima mediterráneo, la modificación propuesta en este trabajo a la función de Ahnert puede ser más precisa en el reconocimiento de los sucesos extremos.A new version of Ahnert model's (1986) to calculate recurrence intervals of extreme events is presented, and the results are compared with Gumbel approach. The residual analysis of both function applied to 96 climatic stations in Comunidad Valenciana (E of Spain) suggest that in environments of extreme rainfall variability, as those under Mediterranean climate, the Ahnert modification approach can be more acute.Trabajo financiado por CICYT, Proyectos CLI95-1947-C03-03 y CLI99-0957, y Generalitat Valenciana, Projecte GV97-RN-14-2. Los autores agradecen asimismo la ayuda otorgada por el Instituto de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert (Alicante)

Neural correlates of alerting and orienting impairment in multiple sclerosis patients

Background A considerable percentage of multiple sclerosis patients have attentional impairment, but understanding its neurophysiological basis remains a challenge. The Attention Network Test allows 3 attentional networks to be studied. Previous behavioural studies using this test have shown that the alerting network is impaired in multiple sclerosis. The aim of this study was to identify neurophysiological indexes of the attention impairment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients using this test. Results After general slowing had been removed in patients group to isolate the effects of each condition, some behavioral differences between them were obtained. About Contingent Negative Variation, a statistically significant decrement were found in the amplitude for Central and Spatial Cue Conditions for patient group (p<0.05). ANOVAs showed for the patient group a significant latency delay for P1 and N1 components (p<0.05) and a decrease of P3 amplitude for congruent and incongruent stimuli (p<0.01). With regard to correlation analysis, PASAT-3s and SDMT showed significant correlations with behavioral measures of the Attention Network Test (p<0.01) and an ERP parameter (CNV amplitude). Conclusions Behavioral data are highly correlated with the neuropsychological scores and show that the alerting and orienting mechanisms in the patient group were impaired. Reduced amplitude for the Contingent Negative Variation in the patient group suggests that this component could be a physiological marker related to the alerting and orienting impairment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. P1 and N1 delayed latencies are evidence of the demyelination process that causes impairment in the first steps of the visual sensory processing. Lastly, P3 amplitude shows a general decrease for the pathological group probably indexing a more central impairment. These results suggest that the Attention Network Test give evidence of multiple levels of attention impairment, which could help in the assessment and treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España PSI2010-16825Asociación NeuroinvestAsociación Sanitaria Virgen Macaren

Stability of Ampicillin plus Ceftriaxone Combined in Elastomeric Infusion Devices for Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy

Ampicillin; Infective endocarditis; Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapyAmpicil·lina; Endocarditis infecciosa; Teràpia antimicrobiana parenteral ambulatòriaAmpicilina; Endocarditis infecciosa; Terapia antimicrobiana parenteral ambulatoriaCurrently, ampicillin plus ceftriaxone (AC) is one of the preferred treatments for Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis. However, there is a lack of stability data for the combination of both drugs in elastomeric devices, so the inclusion of AC in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) programs is challenging. The objective of the study was to determine the stability of AC in elastomeric pumps when stored at 8 ± 2 °C, 25 ± 2 °C, 30 ± 2 °C and 37 ± 2 °C using LC-MS/MS. The combination was diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride and the final concentrations were ampicillin 24 g/L plus ceftriaxone 8 g/L. Physical and chemical stability were evaluated at 12, 20, 24, 36 and 48 h after preparation. Stability was met at each time point if the percentage of intact drug was ≥90% of its respective baseline concentration and color and clearness remained unchanged. The drug combination was stable for 48 h when it was kept at 8 ± 2 °C. At 25 ± 2 °C and 30 ± 2 °C, they were stable for 24 h of storage. At 37 ± 2 °C, the stability criterion was not met at any time point. These results prove that AC could be included in OPAT programs using elastomeric infusion devices for the treatment of E. faecalis infections.This work was supported by the Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria and the AFinf Working Group for the project “Stability study of antimicrobials under conditions analogous to the outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy program (OPAT)”. A.G.-V. was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund (“A way to achieve Europe”), Subprograma Miguel Servet (grant CP19/00159). L.H.-H. was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund (“A way to achieve Europe”), Subprograma Juan Rodés (grant JR22/00049)