Analysis and design of multirate synchronous sampling schemes for sparse multiband signals

We consider the problem of developing efficient sampling schemes for multiband sparse signals. Previous results on multicoset sampling implementations that lead to universal sampling patterns (which guarantee perfect reconstruction), are based on a set of appropriate interleaved analog to digital converters, all of them operating at the same sampling frequency. In this paper we propose an alternative multirate synchronous implementation of multicoset codes, that is, all the analog to digital converters in the sampling scheme operate at different sampling frequencies, without need of introducing any delay. The interleaving is achieved through the usage of different rates, whose sum is significantly lower than the Nyquist rate of the multiband signal. To obtain universal patterns the sampling matrix is formulated and analyzed. Appropriate choices of the parameters, that is the block length and the sampling rates, are also proposed

La arquitectura, un lugar para las mujeres

En el año 2010 se cumplió el centenario de la Real Orden del Ministerio de Instrucción Pública y Bellas Artes por la que se permitía la “admisión de mujeres en todos los establecimientos docentes”, publicada en La Gaceta de Madrid en 1910, siendo Ministro de la Gobernación el Excmo. Sr. D. Julio Burrel y Cuéllar, durante el reinado de Alfonso XIII. Esta Ponencia nace con la intención de celebrar los ciento un años de vigencia de esta Orden en el campo científico, glosando la historia personal y profesional de la madrileña Matilde Ucelay Maortúa, primera mujer arquitecta de nuestro país (Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Madrid, 1936). En la misma se muestran las numerosísimas dificultades que tuvo que superar Matilde para llevar a la práctica esa titulación, entre las que las de género ocupan un lugar preferencial

Matilde Ucelay: la primera mujer española arquitecta de la historia

Este artículo sigue la línea de otros anteriores de uno de sus autores, junto con otros colaboradores, destinados a glosar las figuras de mujeres españolas pioneras de las ciencias, aunque prácticamente desconocidas por la sociedad en razón de la escasa documentación que se posee sobre ellas. Al igual que en esos artículos anteriores, el estatus de éste no debe calificarse de original, al ser claramente divulgativo, amén de recopilatorio tanto de materiales hablados y previamente grabados pasados a texto como de las diferentes fuentes consultadas. Así, gran parte de su texto es una transcripción del contenido de archivos de audio de entrevistas realizadas a familiares de Matilde Ucelay y diversos arquitectos, por ejemplo, así como de trabajos de otros autores sobre la figura de Matilde, de entre los que deseamos destacar explícitamente el de Luis Alemany y sobre todo, el de Inés Sánchez de Madariaga3. Todas las transcripciones literales aparecen entrecomilladas en el artículo y parte del texto que media entre las citas está así mismo basado en la voz de audio

“String of pearls pattern”: report of three cases of non clear-cell acanthoma

bstract: The coiled and dotted vessels in a serpiginous arrangement or “string of pearls” is considered a classical vascular pattern associated with clear cell acanthoma. We present three cases of epidermal tumors different from clear cell acanthoma that have the same “string of pearls” vascular pattern. Even though most authors keep considering the “string of pearls” vascular pattern an almost pathognomonic sign of clear-cell acanthoma, the cases presented here suggest that some other epidermal tumors can also show this pattern. Kewbords: Acanthoma; Dermoscopy; Keratosis, seborrhei

Identification of inoculum sources of Fusicladium eriobotryae in loquat orchards in Spain

[EN] Fusicladium eriobotryae is the causal agent of loquat scab, the main disease damaging fruit, leaves and young twigs of this crop. A two-growing season study (2015¿2016 and 2016¿2017) was carried out in two loquat orchards (cv ¿Algerie¿) to determine the inoculum sources of F. eriobotryae by direct observation of conidia, pathogen isolation on culture media and detection using a new real time PCR protocol developed in this study. One-year-old twigs, fruit peduncles and fruit mummies were randomly sampled three times per growing season on each orchard, and inflorescences only at flowering. Conidia of F. eriobotryae were not found and the isolation of the pathogen was neither possible from any sample in both seasons. Specific primers FUG2F and FUG2R, were designed to detect and quantify DNA of F. eriobotryae on plant material, with a limit of detection (LOD) established at 48.6 fg/¿l. The DNA of the pathogen was not detected by real time PCR in fruit mummies nor inflorescences. It was detected in fruit peduncles and twigs in the season 2016¿2017 with concentrations ranging from 50 to 2742 fg/¿l, confirming that this two loquat organs might act as potential inoculum sources for F. eriobotryae. The detection of F. eriobotryae only in this season agrees with the predictions of an epidemiological model for this pathogen. Our results indicate that in years with a high disease pressure, fruit twigs and peduncles might act as a source of inoculum of new infections the following year.This study was funded by Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) grant number RTA2013-00004-C03-03, and FEDER Funds. G. Elena was supported by the Spanish post-doctoral grant Juan de la Cierva-Formación. We thank the E. Soler from the Cooperativa Agrícola de Callosa d En Sarrià (Alicante, Spain) for his collaboration during orchard sampling, and A. Ramón-Albalat and V. Serra for their technical assistance.Elena-Jiménez, G.; Berbegal Martinez, M.; González Domínguez, E.; Armengol Fortí, J. (2020). Identification of inoculum sources of Fusicladium eriobotryae in loquat orchards in Spain. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 156:425-436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-019-01892-yS425436156Acuña, R. P. (2010). Compendio de bacterias y hongos de frutales y vides en Chile. Santiago de Chile: Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero.Bilodeau, G. J., Koike, S. T., Uribe, P., & Martin, F. N. (2012). Development of an assay for rapid detection and quantification of Verticillium dahliae in soil. Phytopathology, 102, 331–343.Bustin, S. A., Benes, V., Garson, J. A., Hellemans, J., Huggett, J., Kubista, M., Mueller, R., Nolan, T., Pfaffl, M. W., Hipley, G. L., Vandesompele, J., & Wittwer, C. T. (2009). The MIQE guidelines: Minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments. Clinical Chemistry, 55, 611–622.Caballero, P., & Fernández, M. A. (2002). Loquat, production and market. Options Méditerranéennes Serie A, 58, 11–20.Ciliberti, N., Fermaud, M., Languasco, L., & Rossi, V. (2015). Influence of fungal strain, temperature, and wetness duration of infection of grapevine inflorescences and young berry clusteres by Botrytis cinerea. Phytopathology, 105, 325–333.Cullen, D. W., Lees, A. K., Toth, I. K., & Duncan, J. M. (2001). Conventional PCR and real-time quantitative PCR detection of Helminthosporium solani in soil and on potato tubers. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 107, 387–398.Daniëls, B., De Landtsheer, A., Dreesen, R., Davey, M. W., & Keulemans, J. (2012). Real-time PCR as a promising tool to monitor growth of Venturia spp. in scab-susceptible and -resistant apple leaves. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 134, 821–833.Demaree, J. (1924). Pecan scab with special reference to sources of the early spring infections. Journal of Agriculture Research, 28, 321–330.Ghasemkhani, M., Holefors, A., Marttila, S., Dalman, K., Zborowska, A., Rur, M., Rees-George, J., Nybom, H., Everett, K. R., Scheper, R. W. A., & Garkava-Gustavsson, L. (2016). Real-time PCR for detection and quantification, and histological characterization of Neonectria ditissima in apple trees. Trees, 30, 1111–1125.Gisbert, A. D., Besoain, X., Llácer, G., & Badenes, M. L. (2006). Protección de cultivo II, Enfermedades. In M. Agustí, C. Reig, & P. Undurraga (Eds.), El Cultivo del Níspero Japonés (pp. 227–246). Valencia: Gráficas Alcoy.Gladieux, P., Caffier, V., Devaux, M., & Le Cam, B. (2010). Host specific differentiation among populations of Venturia inaequalis causing scab on apple, pyracantha and loquat. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 47, 511–521.González-Domínguez, E., Rossi, V., Armengol, J., & García-Jiménez, J. (2013). Effect of environmental factors on mycelial growth and conidial germination of Fusicladium eriobotryae, and the infection of loquat leaves. Plant Disease, 97, 1331–1338.González-Domínguez, E., Armengol, J., & Rossi, V. (2014a). Development and validation of a weather-based model for predicting infection of loquat fruit by Fusicladium eriobotryae. PLoS One, 9, e107547.González-Domínguez, E., Rossi, V., Michereff, S. J., García-Jiménez, J., & Armengol, J. (2014b). Dispersal of conidia of Fusicladium eriobotryae and spatial patterns of scab in loquat orchards in Spain. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 139, 849–861.González-Domínguez, E., León, M., Armengol, J., & Berbegal, M. (2015). A nested polymerase chain reaction protocol for in planta detection of Fusicladium eriobotryae, causal agent of loquat scab. Journal of Phytopathology, 163, 415–418.González-Domínguez, E., Armengol, J., & Rossi, V. (2017). Biology and epidemiology of Venturia species affecting fruit crops: A review. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1496.Graniti, A. (1993). Olive scab: A review. EPPO Bulletin, 23, 377–384.Gusberti, M., Patocchi, A., Gessler, C., & Broggini, G. A. L. (2012). Quantification of Venturia inaequalis growth in Malus × domestica with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Plant Disease, 96, 1791–1797.Janick, J. (2011). Predictions for loquat improvement in the next decade. Acta Horticulturae, 887, 25–30.Kumar, S., Stecher, G., & Tamura, K. (2016). MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33, 1870–1874.Lalancette, N., McFarland, K., & Burnett, L. (2012). Modelling sporulation of Fusicladium carpophilum on nectarine twig lesions: Relative humidity and temperature effects. Phytopathology, 102, 421–428.Lin, S. Q. (2007). World loquat production and research with special reference to China. Acta Horticulturae, 750, 37–44.Martínez-Calvo, B. J., Badenes, M. L., Llacer, G., Bleiholder, H., Hack, H., & Meier, U. (1999). Phenological growth stages of loquat tree (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb) Lindl.). Annals of Applied Biology, 134, 353–357.Pilotti, M., Lumia, V., Di Lernia, G., & Brunetti, A. (2012). Development of real-time PCR for in wood-detection of Ceratocystis platani, the agent of canker stain of Platanus spp. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 134, 61–79.Prota, U. (1960). Ricerche sulla «ticchiolatura del Nespolo del Giappone e sul suo agente (Fusicladium eriobotryae Cav.). I. Observazioni sull’epidemiologia della malattia e sui caratteri morfo-biologici del parassita in Sardegna. Studi di Sassari, 8, 175–196.Ptskialadze, L. (1968). The causal agent of loquat scab and its biological characteristics. Review of Applied Mycology, 47, 268.Raabe, R., & Gardner, M. W. (1972). Scab of pyracantha, loquat, Toyon and Kageneckia. Phytopathology, 62, 914–916.Rodríguez, A. (1983). El cultivo del níspero en el valle del Algar-Guadalest. Sociedad Cooperativa de Crédito de. Alicante: Callosa d’En Sarrià.Salerno, M., Somma, V., & Rosciglione, B. (1971). Ricerche sull’epidemiologia della ticchiolatura del nespolo del giappone. Technology Agriculture, 23, 947–956.Sánchez-Torres, P., Hinarejos, R., & Tuset, J. J. (2007a). Fusicladium eriobotryae: hongo causante del moteado del níspero en el Mediterráneo español. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal. Plagas, 33, 89–98.Sánchez-Torres, P., Hinarejos, R., & Tuset, J. J. (2007b). Identification and characterization of Fusicladium eriobotryae: Fungal pathogen causing mediterranean loquat scab. Acta Horticulturae, 750, 343–347.Sánchez-Torres, P., Hinarejos, R., & Tuset, J. J. (2009). Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusicladium eriobotryae, the fungal pathogen responsible for loquat scab. Plant Disease, 93, 1151–1157.Schena, L., Li Destri Nicosia, M. G., Sanzani, S. M., Faedda, R., Ippolito, A., & Cacciola, S. O. (2013). Development of quantitative PCR detection methods for phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes. Journal of Plant Pathology, 95, 7–24.Scherm, H., Savelle, A. T., Boozer, R. T., & Foshee, W. G. (2008). Seasonal dynamics of conidial production potential of Fusicladium carpophilum on twig lesions in south eastern peach orchards. Plant Disease, 92, 47–50.Schrader, C., Schielke, A., Ellerbroek, L., & Johne, R. (2012). PCR inhibitors – Occurrence, properties and removal. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 113, 1014–1026.Schubert, K. S., Ritschel, A. R., & Braun, U. B. (2003). A monograph of Fusicladium s. lat. (Hyphomycetes). Schlechtendalia, 9, 1–132.Soler, E., Martínez-Calvo, J., Llácer, G., & Badenes, M. L. (2007). Loquat in Spain: Production and marketing. Acta Horticulturae, 750, 45–47.van Leeuwen, G. C. M., Holb, I. J., & Jeger, M. J. (2002). Factors affecting mummification and sporulation of pome fruit infected by Monilinia fructigena in Dutch orchards. Plant Pathology, 51, 787–793.Villarino, M., Melgarejo, P., Usall, J., Segarra, J., & De Cal, A. (2010). Primary inoculum sources of Monilinia spp. in Spanish peach orchards and their relative importance in brown rot. Plant Disease, 94, 1048–1054.Viruega, J. R., Moral, J., Roca, L. F., Navarro, N., & Trapero, A. (2013). Spilocaea oleagina in olive groves of southern Spain: Survival, inoculum production, and dispersal. Plant Disease, 97, 1549–1556

Physicochemical evaluation of personal care products Ddeveloped with Chondrus crispus fractions processed by ecofriendly methodologies

Novel personal care products are necessary to cope with the growing market demand for sustainable green products. In this context, this work deals with the formulation and fundamental physicochemical and rheological characterization of different natural personal care products using bioactive fractions from Chondrus crispus red macroalgae extracted under optimized green conditions. Body milks, body oils and shampoos were supplemented with soluble extracts with antioxidant features recovered after hydrothermal (200 °C) and microwave (170 °C)- and ultrasound (80 °C)-assisted extraction of the red macroalgae used as raw material. Formulated products were also compared with those prepared using (±)-α-tocopherol and butylhydroxytoluene standards. Body scrubs were formulated with the remaining solids (<2.25 %) after microwave hydrodiffusion and gravidity treatment of the macroalgae. Results indicated that selected extracts provided personal care products with similar or even better physicochemical, color and viscous features than those supplemented with (±)-α-tocopherol or butylhydroxytoluene commercial antioxidants. Rheological profiles indicated that it is possible to develop personal care products with adequate viscous behavior (102–105 mPa s, at 1 s−1), comparable with their synthetic counterparts. To conclude, the addition of antioxidant extracts led to lower apparent viscosity values suggesting an advantage from the skin applicability point of view, jointly with the absence of both the hysteresis phenomenon and water syneresis of the proposed formulations.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431F 2020/01Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-096376-B-I00Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RYC2018-024454-

Design of universal multicoset sampling patterns for compressed sensing of multiband sparse signals

Many problems in digital communications involve wideband radio signals. As the most recent example, the impressive advances in Cognitive Radio systems make even more necessary the development of sampling schemes for wideband radio signals with spectral holes. This is equivalent to considering a sparse multiband signal in the framework of Compressive Sampling theory. Starting from previous results on multicoset sampling and recent advances in compressive sampling, we analyze the matrix involved in the corresponding reconstruction equation and define a new method for the design of universal multicoset codes, that is, codes guaranteeing perfect reconstruction of the sparse multiband signal

Powerful knowledge, transposition/transformation and ICT: an empirical study across school subjects in primary education

Artículo de investigación[EN] This article presents a study that analyses the types of activity used to teach the curriculum in primary education, and the use made accordingly of digital and analogue resources. The research’s purpose was to discover whether there are any differentiated patterns of activity in the teaching of these subjects, and whether they are linked to the use of ICT/non-ICT resources. A multiple case study was conducted with 10 primary teachers, with three schooldays being recorded over the 2018–2019 school year, which provided 132 hours of recordings. The research design involved the use of mixed methods. The results reveal a differentiated use of patterns of activity linked to the subjects that make up the curriculum in primary education, as well as a differentiated use of ICT and non-ICT resources when teaching these subjects. The study includes the need to investigate the process of transforming/transposing the academic content into effective classroom teaching practices.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidade

Cloud point extraction and ICP-MS for titanium speciation in water samples

An analytical method for the separation and determination of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in water samples has been developed. The separation was performed by Cloud Point Extraction (CPE) with Triton X-114. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles and ionic titanium were analysed in the surfactant rich phase and surfactant poor phase respectively, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Parameters related to the CPE procedure such as Triton X-114 and NaCl concentrations were evaluated. Optimum concentrations of 0.03% (w/v) and 2.5 mM of Triton X-114 and NaCl respectively, were selected to develop this study. The TiO2 nanoparticles extracted were digested using HNO3 and H2O2 in an ultrasonic bath for 10 min at 60°C and analysed by ICP-MS. The analytical characteristics of the method (calibration, limits of detection and quantification, precision and recovery) were evaluated. The LOD and LOQ for Ti determination in the surfactant rich phase were 0.13 and 0.45 µg L−1, respectively. Finally, the method was applied for the determination of TiO2 nanoparticles in swimming pool water samplesThe authors wish to thank the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Project number RTI2018-099222-B-100), the European Union (programme Interreg Atlantic Area, Project number EAPA_590/2018), and Xunta de Galicia (Grupo de Referencia Competitiva ED431C2018/19 for financial support. This research was partially supported by the Consellería de Educación Program for the Development of Strategic Grouping in Materials - AEMAT at the University of Santiago de Compostela under grant No. ED431E2018/08, Xunta de Galicia. These programs are co-funded by FEDER (UE).S