Un Analizador Morfológico para el Castellano basado en Chart

En este artículo se describe un sistema capaz de analizar morfológicamente palabras del castellano. Utiliza un modelo computacional para describir la morfología del castellano_ basado en la concatenación de morfemas y en la unificación de rasgos, elementos portadores de la información léxica y gramatical. El analizador emplea como técnica de análisis la basada en la estructura de datos denominada chart, que permite registrar eficientemente los resultados finales e intermedios del análisis, y evitar la búsqueda redundante de los mismos. La implementación del sistema consta fundamentalmente de dos bloques, uno de los cuales constituye un núcleo reutilizable para el desarrollo de analizadores gramaticales basados en chart

Subjective behavioral measures in myopic and pre-myopic children before and after the COVID lockdown

Background: There are environmental factors that may contribute to the onset of myopia. This study aims to evaluate the children’s lifestyle changes before and after the COVID-19 lockdown and how they can influence their vision. Methods: The same questionnaire was administered to children aged between 5 and 7 in Spain every year in September before (2017–2019) and after the COVID-19 lockdown (2020–2021). All the children also passed a vision exam consisting of the measurement of visual acuity (VA) and determination of objective and subjective refraction. Children were classified as myopes, pre-myopes, or hyperopes. The cut-off points to define the refractive error were established according to the value of the spherical equivalent (SE): hyperopia (SE > +0,75D), myopia (SE ≤ −0,5D), or pre-myopia (−0.5D 0.05). Regarding the spherical equivalent, in the pre-COVID period, the mean value was 0.75 ± 2.09D and after the COVID lockdown, it was 0.47 ± 1.88D (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pre-myopes spent more time outdoors than myopes in the pre-COVID period, while myopes spent more time using digital devices. All these differences do not exist after the COVID lockdown, with a general increase in the time spent outdoors and a decrease in the use of digital devices. Further studies are needed to know if these lifestyle changes remain and how they influence the onset of myopia. Copyright © 2023 Alvarez-Peregrina, Ruiz-Pomeda, Martinez-Perez, Prieto-Garrido, Villa-Collar, González-Pérez, González-Abad and Sánchez-Tena.Depto. de ÓpticaFac. de Óptica y OptometríaTRUEpu