Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from Rigidity 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

A precise measurement of the proton flux in primary cosmic rays with rigidity (momentum/charge) from 1 GV to 1.8 TV is presented based on 300 million events. Knowledge of the rigidity dependence of the proton flux is important in understanding the origin, acceleration, and propagation of cosmic rays. We present the detailed variation with rigidity of the flux spectral index for the first time. The spectral index progressively hardens at high rigidities.</p

Nonclassical photon correlation of nanoparticle in a microcavity

We study the quantum correlation of photon pairs from a double Raman particle driven by laser fields in a modified photon density of states such as a cavity or a defect in a photonic crystal. We obtain an exact semianalytical expression for the photon correlation, which is characterized by two complex decay functions associated with the levels splitting (effective Rabi frequencies) that depend on the control laser field. The position and width of the cavity density of state with respect to the anti-Stokes transition determine the features in the two-photon correlation profile

A study of shear flows induced by nonlinear evolution of double tearing modes in Hall magnetohydrodynamics

Shear flows induced by the nonlinear evolution of double tearing modes are studied numerically using Hall magnetohydrodynamics simulations in a slab geometry. The Hall effect is shown to plays an important role when the thickness of current sheets decrease and falls in the range of ion inertia length di. Effective shear flows in the magnetic islands are generated during the process of magnetic reconnection and disappear finally. The induced toroidal velocity are shown to be more sensitive than the induced poloidal velocities in the Hall dominant systems. Moreover, the temporal evolution of the shear flows in the Tokamak resonant surface is studied and discussed

High aspect ratio SiNW arrays with Ag nanoparticles decoration for strong SERS detection

10.1088/0957-4484/25/46/465707Nanotechnology254646570

Role of cystathionine γ-Lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in cardiovascular disease: A novel therapeutic strategy?

10.1089/ars.2011.4349Antioxidants and Redox Signaling171106-118ARSI

Interaction between hydrodynamics and salt marsh dynamics: An example from Jiangsu coast

Salt marshes are distributed along more than 400 km of the Jiangsu coast in Eastern China, which are regarded as important habitats and serve as coastal protection as well. Previous research has proven that salt-marsh vegetation can reduce current velocity and dampen waves by its stems and leaves. Reversely, hydrodynamic forces also have a significant influence on the growth of salt-marsh vegetation. To study the interaction between hydrodynamics and salt-marsh development on the Jiangsu coast, a 2D schematized model has been built by using a new interactive structure between flow, wave and vegetation modules of the process-based model Delft3D. In the hydrodynamic simulations, the impact of vegetation on waves and currents is quantified. In the vegetation growth module, the development of salt marshes is influenced by inundation time and shear stress from hydrodynamic simulations. The feedback loop is completed by hydrodynamic modules receiving the newly updated data of salt-marsh field from the vegetation growth module. The results show that wave height and current velocity are significantly influenced by vegetation. Reversely, the dynamics of marsh vegetation greatly rely on hydrodynamic conditions. Consequently, this interaction between hydrodynamics and salt marsh induces temporal variations of each other. In the model, the salt marsh is especially sensitive to the waves. Though wave height is relatively small on the Jiangsu coast, in terms of bed shear stress, waves may be of great importance to the development of salt marsh.WaterbouwkundeCivil Engineering and Geoscience