2 research outputs found

    TerapĂȘuticas em Cirurgia de Trauma Abdominal: EstratĂ©gias Atuais na Abordagem de LesĂ”es Complexas e MĂșltiplas

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    In the scenario of abdominal trauma surgery, therapeutic approach plays a crucial role in the effective management of complex and multiple injuries. The ongoing evolution of therapeutic strategies reflects the relentless pursuit of improved outcomes and the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with abdominal traumas. In this context, a profound understanding of the pathophysiology of injuries is essential to guide therapeutic decisions, given that each case presents unique challenges. Among current strategies, a multidisciplinary approach stands out, integrating surgeons, intensivists, radiologists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure a coordinated and comprehensive approach. Laparotomy continues to be an essential tool in the assessment and treatment of severe abdominal injuries, allowing meticulous exploration of the abdominal cavity and immediate repair of identified lesions. However, minimally invasive techniques have gained prominence, offering benefits such as reduced tissue trauma, faster recovery, and decreased postoperative complications. Thoughtful selection between invasive and non-invasive approaches is a fundamental aspect in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, adjuvant therapy plays a growing role in abdominal trauma management, encompassing the use of pharmacological therapies, endovascular therapy, and innovative approaches such as cell therapy. The customization of treatment, adapting therapeutic strategies to the individual characteristics of the patient, emerges as a promising trend in the pursuit of maximum efficacy. Therefore, this work aims to explore and critically analyze therapeutic approaches in abdominal trauma surgery, highlighting current strategies and their positive impact on the management of complex and multiple injuries. This article presents a comprehensive and critical review of therapeutics in abdominal trauma surgery, focusing on contemporary strategies used to address complex and multiple injuries. The research is grounded in an extensive review of medical literature, encompassing clinical studies, systematic reviews, and recent technological advances. The detailed analysis will cover both conventional techniques, such as laparotomy, and the latest innovations, including minimally invasive approaches and adjuvant therapies.  No cenĂĄrio da cirurgia de trauma abdominal, a abordagem terapĂȘutica desempenha um papel crucial na gestĂŁo eficaz de lesĂ”es complexas e mĂșltiplas. A constante evolução das estratĂ©gias terapĂȘuticas reflete a busca incessante por melhores resultados e pela redução da morbimortalidade associada a traumas abdominais. Neste contexto, a compreensĂŁo aprofundada da fisiopatologia das lesĂ”es Ă© essencial para orientar as decisĂ”es terapĂȘuticas, uma vez que cada caso apresenta desafios Ășnicos. Dentre as estratĂ©gias atuais, destaca-se a abordagem multidisciplinar, integrando cirurgiĂ”es, intensivistas, radiologistas e outros profissionais de saĂșde, visando uma atuação coordenada e abrangente. A laparotomia continua a ser uma ferramenta essencial na avaliação e tratamento de lesĂ”es abdominais graves, permitindo uma exploração minuciosa da cavidade abdominal e a reparação imediata de lesĂ”es identificadas. No entanto, as tĂ©cnicas minimamente invasivas tĂȘm ganhado espaço, proporcionando benefĂ­cios como menor trauma tecidual, recuperação mais rĂĄpida e redução das complicaçÔes pĂłs-operatĂłrias. A seleção criteriosa entre abordagens invasivas e nĂŁo invasivas Ă© um aspecto fundamental na otimização dos resultados terapĂȘuticos. AlĂ©m disso, a terapia adjuvante desempenha um papel crescente no gerenciamento de trauma abdominal, incluindo o uso de terapias farmacolĂłgicas, terapia endovascular e abordagens inovadoras como a terapia celular. A personalização do tratamento, adaptando as estratĂ©gias terapĂȘuticas Ă s caracterĂ­sticas individuais do paciente, emerge como uma tendĂȘncia promissora na busca pela mĂĄxima eficĂĄcia. Portanto, este trabalho visa explorar e analisar criticamente as terapĂȘuticas em cirurgia de trauma abdominal, destacando as estratĂ©gias atuais e o impacto positivo na abordagem de lesĂ”es complexas e mĂșltiplas. Este artigo apresenta uma revisĂŁo abrangente e crĂ­tica sobre as terapĂȘuticas em cirurgia de trauma abdominal, concentrando-se nas estratĂ©gias contemporĂąneas utilizadas para abordar lesĂ”es complexas e mĂșltiplas. A pesquisa Ă© fundamentada em uma extensa revisĂŁo da literatura mĂ©dica, abrangendo estudos clĂ­nicos, revisĂ”es sistemĂĄticas e avanços tecnolĂłgicos recentes. A anĂĄlise detalhada abordarĂĄ tanto as tĂ©cnicas convencionais, como a laparotomia, quanto as inovaçÔes mais recentes, incluindo abordagens minimamente invasivas e terapias adjuvantes

    Organization and Information in the Fight against Crime: An Evaluation of the Integration of Police Forces in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil *

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    Abstract This paper explores the experience of information sharing, coordination, and integration of actions of the Civil and Military Polices in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the context of the IGESP program. The IGESP is based on the introduction of information management systems and organizational changes akin to those associated with COMPSTAT. All the evidence presented points to a causal effect of the IGESP on crime. The most conservative estimates indicate a reduction of 24% in property crimes and 13% in personal crimes. There is also evidence that the IGESP is associated with improved police response, measured by apprehension of weapons and clearance rates. We present one of the first set of causal estimates -with a clear identification strategy -of the impact of COMPSTAT-like programs. The results suggest that the coordination and informational gains represented by the program may constitute a first-order factor in a successful policy for fighting crime
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