Economic Implications of DSO-TSO Coordination Schemes at a System Level and for Market Actors in case of Flexibility or Traditional Grid-based Solution

This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the economic implication of the use of flexibility to solve both joint DSO-TSO and local DSO-specific congestion management needs. The presented methodology enables evaluating the economic implications at a system level and per market actor according to the selected DSO-TSO coordination scheme and given flexibility needs. Firstly, several DSO-TSO coordination schemes are presented to solve joint needs, in which market access to flexible resources at the distribution grid is enabled to a greater or lesser extent. Secondly, the use of flexibility is compared to traditional grid solutions (i.e., grid reinforcement, temporary commissioning services) to enable the DSO to make cost-efficient grid decisions in the short and medium term. Finally, the economic impact on flexible service providers at the distribution level is carefully presented. This methodology seeks to support energy policies and other regulatory decisions.This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement nº 824414. TECNALIA is a “CERVERA Technology Centre of Excellence” recognized by the Ministry of Science and Innovatio

Therapeutic Response After Immunosuppressive Drug Prescription in Non-infectious Uveitis: A Survival Analysis

Immunosuppressive drugs; Response to therapyMedicaments immunosupressors; Resposta al tractamentMedicamentos inmunosupresores; Respuesta al tratamientoIntroduction To identify factors affecting the response rate to immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs) in patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU). Methods This longitudinal retrospective cohort study included patients from the Hospital Clinico San Carlos Uveitis Clinic diagnosed with NIU from 1992 to 2016. Subjects were followed up from ISD prescription until the achievement of good therapeutic response (GTR), ISD treatment change, or up to 12 months. GTR was defined as the complete resolution of the eye inflammatory manifestations with a corticosteroid dose ≤ 10 or ≤ 5 mg per day of prednisone or equivalent (GTR10 and GTR5, respectively) maintained for at least 28 days. Kaplan–Meier curves were estimated for GTR. Demographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors were analyzed using Cox robust regression. Results A total of 73 patients (100 episodes of ISD prescription) were analyzed. In 44 and 41 episodes, GTR10 and GTR5 were achieved, respectively. A lower hazard for both GTRs was associated with uveitic macular edema at prescription and with a higher “highest oral corticosteroid dose prescribed in the year before ISD prescription”. GTR10 was higher if cyclosporine was prescribed (compared to other ISDs), and if a higher number of ISDs had been previously prescribed. GTR5 hazard was lower for patients with posterior uveitis or if the ISDs were prescribed before 2008, and higher if periocular corticosteroids had been administered before ISD prescription, or if the duration of the posterior segment activity was shorter. Conclusions Factors associated with GTR to ISDs may help to identify patients with NIUs who could benefit from a thorough follow-up.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain [ICI19/00020; PI20/01221; RD21/002/0001]. The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. The journal’s Rapid Service Fee was funded by the institution employing the senior author of the manuscript (Fundación Biomédica del Hospital Clínico San Carlos)

Flexibility markets to procure system services. CoordiNet project

The article describes the objectives of the CoordiNet project, the proposed coordination schemes and architecture to allow TSOs and DSOs to procure systems services in a coordinated manner, and the platforms being developed in the three demonstrators of the project (Spain, Sweden, Greece).The efficiency and reliability of electricity systems depend, among other aspects, on an efficient collaboration between the different market participants, which require updating the roles of all agents involved. The CoordiNet project, co-funded by the EU, intends to demonstrate how TSOs and DSOs can act in a coordinated manner, to purchase and activate system services, promote the cooperation of all actors and eliminate barriers for the active participation of DERs in the market. The results of the project will help to design scalable tools and methodologies for system operators and third parties to safely connect, manage and coordinate flexibility providers. This paper describes the developments in CoordiNet to ensure the interoperability of the different markets and platforms developed by TSOs and DSOs across Europe.European Commissions' H2020 under grant agreement No 824414

TSO-DSO-Customer coordination for purchasing flexibility system services: Challenges and lessons learned from a demonstration in Sweden

This paper presents a real-word implementation of a TSO-DSO-customer coordination framework for the use of flexibility to support system operation. First, we describe the general requirements for TSO-DSO-customer coordination, including potential coordination schemes, actors and roles and the required architecture. Then, we particularise those general requirements for a real-world demonstration in Sweden, aiming to avoid congestions in the grid during the high-demand winter season. In the light of current congestion management rules and existing markets in Sweden, we describe an integration path to newly defined flexibility markets in support of new tools that we developed for this application. The results show that the use of flexibility can reduce the congestion costs while enhancing the secure operation of the system. Additionally, we discuss challenges and lessons learned from the demonstration, including the importance of the engagement between stakeholders, the role of availability remuneration, and the paramount importance of defining appropriate technical requirements and market timings.This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement nº 824414