Different source of commercial vegetable oils may regulate metabolic, inflammatory and redox status in healthy rats.

Our goal was to carry out a comparative study to evaluate the metabolic and inflammatory effects and the redox status of commercial vegetable oils supplementation [linseed (LO), coconut (VCO), and sunflower (SO)] in metabolically healthy rats. The results found in this study showed that the LO group decreased the HOMA-IR and hepatic cholesterol, and increased the serum levels of IL-6. Supplementation with VCO increased glucose and HOMA-IR, cholesterol concentration and serum triacylglycerol (TAG). In this group, there was also an increase in TBARS. In the SO group there was a decrease in serum concentrations of cholesterol and TAG and an increase in hepatic concentration of these lipids. In addition, in the SO group there was a decrease in hepatic and s?rum concentrations of IL-6 and hepatic levels of TNF, as well as a decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio, suggesting changes in glutathione metabolism and inflammatory mediators

Effect of different vegetable oils chronic intake on metabolic mediators, redox and inflammatory status in healthy female rats.

Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de e Nutri??o. Escola de Nutri??o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.O processo de transi??o nutricional observado em todo o mundo tem sido caracterizado por um aumento da ingest?o de alimentos com elevada densidade cal?rica, ricos em carboidratos e/ou lip?deos, em especial gordura saturada, trans e ?cido linoleico. O desequil?brio na quantidade e no tipo de lip?deos consumidos na dieta pode ter efeitos negativos no organismo. Os ?leos vegetais t?m recebido aten??o especial devido aos potenciais efeitos ben?ficos ? sa?de. Estes efeitos est?o associados ao tipo de ?cido graxo presente nestes ?leos, sendo os ?cidos graxos monoinsaturados e poli-insaturados associados ? melhora no perfil lip?dico, enquanto os ?cidos graxos saturados apresentam efeitos negativos no organismo. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do consumo cr?nico de ?leos vegetais com diferentes percentuais de ?cidos graxos sobre mediadores metab?licos, do status redox e inflamat?rios em ratas saud?veis. Para isto, foram utilizadas 44 ratas da linhagem Fisher (peso), separadas em cinco grupos, a saber: (i) grupo controle (C), o qual recebeu apenas ?gua, (ii) grupo azeite de oliva (AO), (iii) grupo ?leo de linha?a (OL), (iv) grupo ?leo de coco (OC) e (v) grupo ?leo de girassol (OG). Todos os tratamentos foram administrados por gavagem (1mL/ 250g peso) e o delineamento experimental teve dura??o de 90 dias. Ap?s este per?odo, as ratas foram eutanasiadas e amostras de sangue, f?gado e tecido adiposo foram coletadas e armazenadas para an?lises posteriores. O consumo cr?nico de AO aumentou o tecido adiposo branco e a concentra??o s?rica de IL-6, enquanto reduziu o HDL s?rico. Os animais do grupo OL apresentaram redu??o do ?ndice HOMA, aumento nas concentra??es de triglic?rides s?ricos, ALT e IL-6, al?m de aumentarem TNF hep?tico. A ingest?o cr?nica de OC foi respons?vel por altera??es de par?metros glicometab?licos e modifica??es no metabolismo lip?dico s?rico e hep?tico, al?m de aumentar o dano oxidativo hep?tico atrav?s do aumento de TBARS e ALT. Os animais do grupo OG apresentaram altera??o no perfil lip?dico s?rico, aumento da lipog?nese hep?tica, atrav?s do aumento da express?o g?nica do fator de transcri??o Srebp1 e da enzima Acetil-Coa carboxilase (ACC). Al?m disso, o OG causou altera??es nas concentra??es s?ricas e hep?ticas de citocinas inflamat?rias, aumento de dano hep?tico e diminui??o da raz?o GSH/GSSG. Estes resultados sugerem que os diferentes ?cidos graxos presentes nos ?leos vegetais interferem na homeostase do organismo, podendo contribuir para a patog?nese de diversas doen?as em ratas saud?veis. Desta forma, mais estudos precisam ser feitos a respeito da quantidade e qualidade dos lipideos diet?ticos a fim de se promover recomenda??es para um consumo consciente e adequado dos mesmos.The nutritional transition process observed worldwide has been characterized by an increase in the intake of high caloric density foods, rich in carbohydrates and / or lipids, especially saturated, trans and linoleic acid. The imbalance between the amount and type of dietary lipids may adversely affect the body. Vegetable oils have been receiving special attention due to their potential beneficial effects on health. The vegetable oils effects are associated with the fatty acid type present by them. For instance, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids are commonly associated with an improvement in the lipid profile, while saturated fatty acids are associated with having a negative impact on the body. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vegetable oils chronic intake of , with different fatty acids composition, on metabolic mediators, redox and inflammatory status in healthy rats. Fisher female rats (N=44, peso), were randomly separated into the following five groups: (i) control group, which received only water; (ii) olive oil group (AO), (iii) flaxseed oil group (OL), (iv) coconut oil group (OC) and (v) sunflower oil group (OG). All treatments were administered by gavage (1mL / 250g weight) and the experimental design lasted for 90 days. After this time, the female rats were euthanized and blood, liver and adipose tissue samples were collected and stored for further analysis. AO chronic intake increased white adipose tissue, and the serum IL-6, while decreased d serum HDL. The animals in OL group had a decrease in HOMA index, and we observed an increase in the serum triglyceride, ALT and IL-6 levels, and hepatic TNF levels. Chronic OC intake resulted in glucometabolic alterations and changes in serum and hepatic lipid metabolism, as well as increased hepatic oxidative damage through the TBARS and ALT increase. The OG group showed alterations in the serum lipid profile, increase in hepatic lipogenesis, by increased the gene expression of the transcription factor Srebp1 and the Acetyl-Coa carboxylase (ACC) enzyme. In addition, OG group causedchanges in serum and hepatic concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, increase in liver damage and decreased GSH / GSSG ratio.Our results suggest that the different fatty acids composition present in vegetable oils may interfere in the body homeostasis,and also favour the development of several diseases in healthy female rats. In this way, more studies are necessary regarding the dietary lipids quantity and quality,in order to promote recommendations for a conscious and adequate lipids intake