Cross-cultural adaptation of the 3×2 achievement goal questionnaire for sport in Brazil

Aim: Adapt the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport in a Brazilian sporting context and examine its psychometric properties. Methods: A total of 211 Brazilian athletes of seven different sports responded to the adapted instrument. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis supported the measurement model of the 3×2 Achievement Goal Model with some error correlations and invariance of the measurement model across gender, but not for the type of sport and context of the application. In terms of internal consistency, “task-avoidance” and “self-avoidance” goals did not reach the values of accepted criteria. Conclusion: This study supported the use of the 3×2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport in the Brazilian sport domain and encourages further studies to improve its reliability. Finally, the findings are discussed suggesting cultural differences in the understanding of some items between Brazilian athletes and those from other countries.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPESPROEX - Finance Code 001); by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - Brasil (CNPq-PQ1B 307967/2015-8

Adaptation to stress in football athletes: the importance of cognitive appraisal

This study analysed the adaptation of football athletes to competitive stressors regarding the upcoming match. For that, the study adopted a cross- sectional methodology using a critical incident approach. The participants were 352 young male football athletes, aged between 15 and 19 years (M = 16.91, SD = 0.99), who were competing in the national football championship. The results indicated that cognitive appraisal partially mediated the relationship between competitive stressors and emotions: athletes who perceived stressors as a challenge, tended to feel more control over the situation and more resourceful (coping perception), leading to a more positive emotional experience, while those perceiving the stressors as a threat were more prone to experience less control and more negative emotions. This mediation model was moderated by athletes’ competitive level (U17 or U19), as the role of challenge perception was more pronounced in the U19 team, while the relationship between threat perception and less control was only observed for the U17 team. In sum, the data reveals the importance of cognitive appraisal in young football athletes’ adaptation to competitive stressors, bolstering the theoretical models in this area and the importance of psychologists to consider these variables during intervention, particularly cognitive appraisal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development of a self-diagnostic system integrated into a cyber-physical system

CONTROLAR provides Bosch with an intelligent functional testing machine used to test the correct functioning of the car radios produced. During this process, the radios are submitted to several tests, raising the problem of how the machine detects errors in several radios consecutively, making it impossible to know if the device has a problem since it has no module to see if it works correctly. This article arises from the need to find a solution to solve this problem, which was to develop a self-diagnostic system that will ensure the reliability and integrity of the cyber-physical system, passing a detailed state of the art. The development of this system was based on the design of an architecture that combines the KDT methodology with a DSL to manage and configure the tests to integrate the self-diagnostic test system into a CPS. A total of 28 test cases were performed to cover all its functionalities. The results show that all test cases passed. Therefore, the system meets all the proposed objectives.This article is a result of the project POCI-01-0247-FEDER-040130, supported by Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization (COMPETE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Avaliação dos Impactos Macro-Econômicos e de Bem-Estar da Reforma Tributária no Brasil

Este artigo avalia o impacto sobre a economia brasileira de uma reforma trib-utária que reduza distorções e cumulatividade, utilizando para tal experimento aatual proposta do Ministério da Fazenda. Utiliza-se um modelo recursivo dinâmicopadrão calibrado de forma a se aproximar o máximo possível da economia brasileirahoje. A simulações são implementadas ao se introduzir parâmetros correspon-dentes à reforma tributária: desoneração da folha de pagamentos, redução dacumulatividade com introdução do IVA-F e a desoneração dos investimentos coma redução do prazo de restituição de créditos de ICMS. Estima-se que a reformatributária proposta provocaria um aumento de 1,5 pontos percentuais na taxa decrescimento do produto nos oito anos seguintes a sua implementação e um ganhode longo prazo de 16%. O impacto sobre o nível de investimento seria muito ex-pressivo, 40% no mesmo período, de modo que a taxa de investimento saltaria dosatuais 20% para quase 24%. Os ganhos de consumo e bem-estar também foramestimados como bastante signi cativos.

A microbiological perspective of raw milk preserved at room temperature using hyperbaric storage compared to refrigerated storage

The effects of hyperbaric storage (HS, 50–100 MPa) at room temperature (RT) on endogenous and inoculated pathogenic surrogate vegetative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua), pathogenic Salmonella enterica and bacterial spores (Bacillus subtilis) were assessed and compared with conventional refrigeration at atmospheric pressure for 60 days. Milk stored at atmospheric pressure and refrigeration quickly surpassed the acceptable microbiological limit within 7 days of storage, regarding endogenous microbiota, yet 50 MPa/RT slowed down microbial growth, resulting in raw milk spoilage after 28 days, while a significant microbial inactivation occurred under 75–100 MPa (around 4 log units), to counts below 1 log CFU/mL throughout storage, similar to what was observed for B. subtilis endospores. While inoculated microorganisms had a gradually counts reduction in all HS conditions. Results indicate that HS can not only result in the extension of milk shelf-life but is also able to enhance its safety and subsequent quality. Industrial relevance: This new preservation methodology could be implemented in the dairy farm storage tanks, or during milk transportation for further processing, allowing a better microbial control, than refrigeration. This methodology is very promising, and can improve food products shelf-life with a considerable lower carbon foot-print than refrigeration.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

BayGO: Bayesian analysis of ontology term enrichment in microarray data

BACKGROUND: The search for enriched (aka over-represented or enhanced) ontology terms in a list of genes obtained from microarray experiments is becoming a standard procedure for a system-level analysis. This procedure tries to summarize the information focussing on classification designs such as Gene Ontology, KEGG pathways, and so on, instead of focussing on individual genes. Although it is well known in statistics that association and significance are distinct concepts, only the former approach has been used to deal with the ontology term enrichment problem. RESULTS: BayGO implements a Bayesian approach to search for enriched terms from microarray data. The R source-code is freely available at in three versions: Linux, which can be easily incorporated into pre-existent pipelines; Windows, to be controlled interactively; and as a web-tool. The software was validated using a bacterial heat shock response dataset, since this stress triggers known system-level responses. CONCLUSION: The Bayesian model accounts for the fact that, eventually, not all the genes from a given category are observable in microarray data due to low intensity signal, quality filters, genes that were not spotted and so on. Moreover, BayGO allows one to measure the statistical association between generic ontology terms and differential expression, instead of working only with the common significance analysis

Hyperbaric storage of raw milk at room temperature

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Optimal cruciform specimen design using the direct multi-search method and design variable influence study

Nowadays the development of new testing machines and the optimization of new specimen geometries are two very demanding activities. In order to study complex material stress and strain distributions, as in-plane biaxial loading, one must develop new technical solutions. A new type of testing machine has been developed by the present authors, for the fatigue testing of cruciform specimens, but the low capacity of the testing machine requires the optimization of the specimen in order to achieve higher but uniform stress and strain distributions on the specimen center. In this paper, the authors describe the procedure to optimize one possible geometry for cruciform specimens, able to determine the fatigue initiation life of material subjected to out of phase in-plane biaxial fatigue loadings. The high number of design variables were optimized using the direct multi-search method, considering two objective functions, the stress level on the specimen center and the uniformity of the strain distribution on a 1.0 mm radius of the specimen center. Several Pareto Fronts were obtained for different material thickness, considering the commercially available sheet metal thickness. With the optimal solution, the influence of every design variable was studied in order to provide others with a powerful tool that allows selecting the optimal geometry for the desired application. The results are presented in the form of design equations considering that the main design variable, the material thickness, was chosen from a Renard series of preferred numbers. The end user is then able to configure the optimal specimen for the required fatigue test.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Qualidade em agricultura: sistemas de certificação, desafios e perspectivas

Qualidade, quando referida ao sector agrícola, integra toda a cadeia produtiva, desde a provisão de matérias-primas até ao consumo e pode ser vista na óptica do produtor e do consumidor. Os sistemas de garantia e certificação da qualidade existentes na União Europeia, baseados numa abordagem holística, são particularmente complexos e variados, pela diversidade de consumidores existentes. A maioria aplica-se a um mercado diferenciado e apenas um reduzido número e muito diversificado vai além das normas legais, visando a diferenciação dos produtos e a manutenção de determinados padrões de qualidade. O seu desenvolvimento é influenciado por medidas de políticas distintas e, factores económicos e sociodemográficos. Podem classificar- se em função do objecto (produtos ou processos), dos objectivos (consumidor final ou os diferentes intervenientes na cadeia de comercialização alimentar), o conteúdo (rastreabilidade na origem ou modo de produção), os promotores (públicos ou privados), o contexto (local, regional, nacional ou internacional) e, o número de etapas envolvidas na cadeia agro-alimentar