Effect of the absorption rate of suture material on oral mucosal scar formation: A triple-blind randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Extensive oral mucosal scar formation following LeFort-I osteotomy can pose patients with several scar-related complications in case of function as well as cosmesis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the absorption rate of Vicryl Rapide and Vicryl on oral mucosal scar formation. Material and methods: In a triple-blind randomized controlled trial study, Vicryl and Vicryl Rapide were used randomly for wound closure on the left and right sides of the LeFort-I incision line. Three maxillofacial surgeons evaluated mucosal scars on each side two and four months post-surgically using Mucosal Scarring Index (MSI). Results: The differences in the total scores of MSI between the Vicryl and Vicryl Rapide groups were not significant, neither in the anterior nor in the posterior areas (Paired t-test, df = 25, CI = 95 %, P-value >0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that Vicryl Rapide is comparable to Vicryl suture material regarding the mucosal scar formation following LeFort-I osteotomy surgery; therefore, it could be considered for such oral surgical procedures

Histopathological assessment of the preventive effect of leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin on bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw following dental extraction: An animal study

Background: Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) could be considered a preventive measure in Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ). The present experiment aimed to assess the preventive effects of L-PRF on osteonecrosis of the jaw in rats. Methods: In this interventional animal study with a split-mouth design, 28 rats were randomly allocated to saline (negative control), bisphosphonate (positive control), and Bis + L-PRF (case) groups. Bilateral extraction of maxillary molar teeth was performed followed by random application of L-PRF to one of the extraction sockets treated with Zoledronic acid for four weeks. Clinical occurrence of BRONJ and histopathologic evaluations were done, and data were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test and exact Fisher test performed using SPSS 25. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The application of L-PRF resulted in a 41.67% reduction in osteonecrosis centers and the number of osteoclast cells. Also, Kruskal Wallis test results showed a significant difference among the three groups regarding the frequency distribution of inflammation severity. However, no significant difference was detected regarding the frequency distribution of the blood vessels (Kruskal Wallis test, P-value = 0.649). Conclusion: It could be inferred that possible preventive effects on the clinical occurrence of osteonecrosis could be expected from the application of L-PRF

Evaluation of Blood Levels of Omentin-1 and Orexin-A in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background and objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be related to changes in the levels of adipokines and neuropeptides, which in turn may affect the energy balance components of neuronal cells. Herein, a systematic review and meta-analysis checked the changes in serum/plasma levels of omentin-1 (OM-1: an adipokine) and orexin-A (OXA: a neuropeptide) in adults (age > 18 years old) with OSA (aOSA) compared to controls. Materials and methods: Four databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were systematically searched until 14 November 2022, without any restrictions. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist adapted for case–control studies was used to assess the quality of the papers. The effect sizes were extracted using the Review Manager 5.3 software for the blood levels of OM-1 and OXA in aOSA compared with controls. Results: Thirteen articles, with six studies for OM-1 levels and eight for OXA levels, were included. The pooled standardized mean differences were −0.85 (95% confidence interval (CI): −2.19, 0.48; p = 0.21; I2 = 98%) and −0.20 (95%CI: −1.16, 0.76; p = 0.68; I2 = 96%) for OM-1 and OXA levels, respectively. Among the studies reporting OM-1, five were high and one was moderate quality. Among the studies reporting OXA, six were moderate, one was high, and one was low quality. Based on the trial sequential analysis, more participants are needed to confirm the pooled results of the analyses of blood levels of OM-1 and OXA. In addition, the radial plot showed outliers as significant factors for high heterogeneity. Conclusions: The main findings indicated a lack of association between the blood levels of OM-1 and OXA and OSA risk. Therefore, OM-1 and OXA did not appear to be suitable biomarkers for the diagnosis and development of OSA