1,447 research outputs found
Effective Field Theory and Unification in AdS Backgrounds
This work is an extension of our previous work, hep-th/0204160, which showed
how to systematically calculate the high energy evolution of gauge couplings in
compact AdS_5 backgrounds. We first directly compute the one-loop effects of
massive charged scalar fields on the low energy couplings of a gauge theory
propagating in the AdS background. It is found that scalar bulk mass scales
(which generically are of order the Planck scale) enter only logarithmically in
the corrections to the tree-level gauge couplings. As we pointed out
previously, we show that the large logarithms that appear in the AdS one-loop
calculation can be obtained within the confines of an effective field theory,
by running the Planck brane correlator from a high UV matching scale down to
the TeV scale. This result exactly reproduces our previous calculation, which
was based on AdS/CFT duality. We also calculate the effects of scalar fields
satisfying non-trivial boundary conditions (relevant for orbifold breaking of
bulk symmetries) on the running of gauge couplings.Comment: LaTeX, 27 pages; minor typos fixed, comments adde
Studying High Energy Final State Interactions by N/D Method
We discuss the final state interaction effects at high energies via a
multi-channel N/D method. We find that the 2 by 2 charge--exchange final state
interactions typically contribute an enhancement factor of a few times
in the meson decay amplitudes, both for the real and the
imaginary part. We also make some discussions on the elastic rescattering
effects.Comment: 10 pages, revte
Higgs Mechanism and Bulk Gauge Boson Masses in the Randall-Sundrum Model
Assuming the breaking of gauge symmetries by the Higgs mechanism, we consider
the associated bulk gauge boson masses in the Randall-Sundrum background. With
the Higgs field confined on the TeV-brane, the W and Z boson masses can
naturally be an order of magnitude smaller than their Kaluza-Klein excitation
masses. Current electroweak precision data requires the lowest excited state to
lie above about 30 TeV, with fermions on the TeV-brane. This bound is reduced
to about 10 TeV if the fermions reside sufficiently close to the Planck-brane.
Thus, some tuning of parameters is needed. We also discuss the bulk Higgs case,
where the bounds are an order of magnitude smaller.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, using REVTeX, slightly expanded version to appear
in Phys. Rev.
Systematics of Coupling Flows in AdS Backgrounds
We give an effective field theory derivation, based on the running of Planck
brane gauge correlators, of the large logarithms that arise in the predictions
for low energy gauge couplings in compactified AdS}_5 backgrounds, including
the one-loop effects of bulk scalars, fermions, and gauge bosons. In contrast
to the case of charged scalars coupled to Abelian gauge fields that has been
considered previously in the literature, the one-loop corrections are not
dominated by a single 4D Kaluza-Klein mode. Nevertheless, in the case of gauge
field loops, the amplitudes can be reorganized into a leading logarithmic
contribution that is identical to the running in 4D non-Abelian gauge theory,
and a term which is not logarithmically enhanced and is analogous to a two-loop
effect in 4D. In a warped GUT model broken by the Higgs mechanism in the
bulk,we show that the matching scale that appears in the large logarithms
induced by the non-Abelian gauge fields is m_{XY}^2/k where m_{XY} is the bulk
mass of the XY bosons and k is the AdS curvature. This is in contrast to the UV
scale in the logarithmic contributions of scalars, which is simply the bulk
mass m. Our results are summarized in a set of simple rules that can be applied
to compute the leading logarithmic predictions for coupling constant relations
within a given warped GUT model. We present results for both bulk Higgs and
boundary breaking of the GUT gauge group.Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures. Comments and references adde
Natural entropy fluctuations discriminate similar looking electric signals emitted from systems of different dynamics
Complexity measures are introduced, that quantify the change of the natural
entropy fluctuations at different length scales in time-series emitted from
systems operating far from equilibrium. They identify impending sudden cardiac
death (SD) by analyzing fifteen minutes electrocardiograms, and comparing to
those of truly healthy humans (H). These measures seem to be complementary to
the ones suggested recently [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 70}, 011106 (2004)] and
altogether enable the classification of individuals into three categories: H,
heart disease patients and SD. All the SD individuals, who exhibit critical
dynamics, result in a common behavior.Comment: Published in Physical Review
RS1, Higher Derivatives and Stability
We demonstrate the classical stability of the weak/Planck hierarchy within
the Randall-Sundrum scenario, incorporating the Goldberger-Wise mechanism and
higher-derivative interactions in a systematic perturbative expansion. Such
higher-derivative interactions are expected if the RS model is the low-energy
description of some more fundamental theory. Generically, higher derivatives
lead to ill-defined singularities in the vicinity of effective field theory
branes. These are carefully treated by the methods of classical
renormalization.Comment: 30 page
On a Covariant Determination of Mass Scales in Warped Backgrounds
We propose a method of determining masses in brane scenarios which is
independent of coordinate transformations. We apply our method to the scenario
of Randall and Sundrum (RS) with two branes, which provides a solution to the
hierarchy problem. The core of our proposal is the use of covariant equations
and expressing all coordinate quantities in terms of invariant distances. In
the RS model we find that massive brane fields propagate proper distances
inversely proportional to masses that are not exponentially suppressed. The
hierarchy between the gravitational and weak interactions is nevertheless
preserved on the visible brane due to suppression of gravitational interactions
on that brane. The towers of Kaluza-Klein states for bulk fields are observed
to have different spacings on different branes when all masses are measured in
units of the fundamental scale. Ratios of masses on each brane are the same in
our covariant and the standard interpretations. Since masses of brane fields
are not exponentiated, the fundamental scale of higher-dimensional gravity must
be of the order of the weak scale.Comment: 14 page
Spectrum of TeV Particles in Warped Supersymmetric Grand Unification
In warped supersymmetric grand unification, XY gauge particles appear near
the TeV scale along with Kaluza-Klein towers of the standard model gauge
fields. In spite of this exotic low-energy physics, MSSM gauge coupling
unification is preserved and proton decay is naturally suppressed. In this
paper we study in detail the low-lying mass spectrum of superparticles and GUT
particles in this theory, taking supersymmetry breaking to be localized to the
TeV brane. The masses of the MSSM particles, Kaluza-Klein modes, and XY states
are all determined by two parameters, one which fixes the strength of the
supersymmetry breaking and the other which sets the scale of the infrared
brane. A particularly interesting result is that for relatively strong
supersymmetry breaking, the XY gauginos and the lowest Kaluza-Klein excitations
of the MSSM gauginos may both lie within reach of the LHC, providing the
possibility that the underlying unified gauge symmetry and the enhanced N=2
supersymmetry of the theory will both be revealed.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figure
High Energy Field Theory in Truncated AdS Backgrounds
In this letter we show that, in five-dimensional anti-deSitter space (AdS)
truncated by boundary branes, effective field theory techniques are reliable at
high energy (much higher than the scale suggested by the Kaluza-Klein mass
gap), provided one computes suitable observables. We argue that in the model of
Randall and Sundrum for generating the weak scale from the AdS warp factor, the
high energy behavior of gauge fields can be calculated in a {\em cutoff
independent manner}, provided one restricts Green's functions to external
points on the Planck brane. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we calculate the
one-loop correction to the Planck brane gauge propagator due to charged bulk
fields. These effects give rise to non-universal logarithmic energy dependence
for a range of scales above the Kaluza-Klein gap.Comment: LaTeX, 7 pages; minor typos fixe
Siegert pseudostates: completeness and time evolution
Within the theory of Siegert pseudostates, it is possible to accurately
calculate bound states and resonances. The energy continuum is replaced by a
discrete set of states. Many questions of interest in scattering theory can be
addressed within the framework of this formalism, thereby avoiding the need to
treat the energy continuum. For practical calculations it is important to know
whether a certain subset of Siegert pseudostates comprises a basis. This is a
nontrivial issue, because of the unusual orthogonality and overcompleteness
properties of Siegert pseudostates. Using analytical and numerical arguments,
it is shown that the subset of bound states and outgoing Siegert pseudostates
forms a basis. Time evolution in the context of Siegert pseudostates is also
investigated. From the Mittag-Leffler expansion of the outgoing-wave Green's
function, the time-dependent expansion of a wave packet in terms of Siegert
pseudostates is derived. In this expression, all Siegert pseudostates--bound,
antibound, outgoing, and incoming--are employed. Each of these evolves in time
in a nonexponential fashion. Numerical tests underline the accuracy of the
method
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