Decision Table Formulation of The 1969 Aisc Specification

The American Institute of Steel Constructio

Computer-Aided Processing Of Structural Design Specifications

Issued also as the author’s thesis, University of Illinois.The American Institute of Steel Constructio

Computer-Aided Processing of Structural Design Specifications

154 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1970.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Responses of water balance component to land use/land cover and climate change using geospatial and hydrologic modeling in the Gidabo watershed, Ethiopia

The impact of climate change (CC) and land-use/land-cover (LULC) change on water resources poses a major threat globally. This study investigates the separate and combined responses of CC and LULC change on water balance in Gidabo watershed, Ethiopia, using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Cellular Automata-Markov Chain, and regional climate models. CC projection under RCP 4.5 and hydrological modeling show a significant decline in mean annual surface runoff (Q), baseflow (BF), water yield (WY), percolation (PC), and evapotranspiration (ET) during mid-century (2027–2056) as well as late-century (2061–2090) compared to the baseline period (1988–2018) data, largely due to decline in rainfall. Likewise, under RCP 8.5 scenario, the modeling results show a decrease in Q, BF, WY, PC, and ET during these periods. The LULC change (often associated with an expansion in cultivated and urban areas and a reduction in evergreen forest and grassland) alone leads to a positive synergy with an increase in mean annual Q and WY and a negative synergy with a decrease in BF, PC and ET during the period 2018 to 2075. The combined effects of climate and LULC changes have also shown a decline in Q, BF, WY, PC and ET. Overall, the climate change impacts significantly the future Q and WY. However, the combined effect of climate and LULC changes on BF, PC, and ET is more prominent than their separate impacts and it underlines the significance of this study

Prevalence and risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in a population of Delhi, India

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been recognized in the Western world as a public health burden, but there has been no community-based study performed to assess the prevalence of the condition in India. The study was performed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of OSA in a semi-urban Indian population. Design: A two-stage, cross-sectional, community-based prevalence study. Setting: A semi-urban community in Delhi. Duration: Two years (2003 to 2005). Patients and participants: All citizens residing in the community who were 30 to 60 years of age. Exclusion criteria included those patients with recent myocardial infarction, upper airway surgery, class III/IV congestive heart failure, pregnancy, hypothyroidism on treatment, acromegaly, chronic renal failure, systemic steroid treatment, and hormone replacement therapy. Intervention: An OSA assessment was performed in 2,400 subjects who were screened in stage 1 of the study by means of a sleep questionnaire. Subjects were then divided into habitual and nonhabitual snorers. Eighty-three randomly selected habitual snorers and 80 nonhabitual snorers were invited to participate in stage 2 of the study, which consisted of in-hospital polysomnography studies. Observations and results: A total of 2,150 subjects returned questionnaires (response rate, 90%). Of 550 habitual snorers and 1,596 nonhabitual snorers, 77 habitual snorers and 73 nonhabitual snorers underwent polysomnography. A total of 36 habitual snorers (46.75%) and 2 nonhabitual snorers (2.73%) were found to have OSA, giving prevalence rates of 13.74% and 3.57%, respectively, for OSA and OSA syndrome (OSAS) on extrapolation. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, age, obesity (defined by a high body mass index), and waist/hip ratio as significant risk factors for OSAS. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the risk factors and prevalence for OSA in India are similar to those in the West, which is contrary to the findings of some previous reports, which had a strong inclusion bias

Surgical management of the olecranon fractures with emphasis on merits and demerits of various surgical management techniques with the assessment of joint stability and motion: A clinical study

Background: Surgical intervention has gained popularity and became a vital management strategy. The early active mobilization following surgery helps early restoration of the normal function. This active and early mobilization helps in early fracture union rapidly with the prevention of tissues from the fracture. Objectives: The present study was conducted to clinically evaluate the outcomes following the surgical treatment of the Olecranon fractures using plate fixation in comminuted fractures and using tension band wiring for simple transverse fracture. The study also evaluated the demerits and merits of the procedure with stability and elbow joint motion after surgical management of the olecranon fracture. Materials and Methods: In 23 subjects from both genders, comminuted fractures were treated with an olecranon hook plate and simple transverse fractures with tension band wiring with K-wire. The study results were assessed at 3 months postoperatively. At the recall visits, clinical examination was conducted for all the subjects for assessing muscle power related to the treated joint, cancellous screw head prominence, elbow joint movement, tenderness, and joint swelling. Joint movement and its restrictions, swelling, and pain were also assessed at recall visits. The collected data were subjected to evaluation and the results were formulated. Results: Based on Mayo Elbow Performance scores. It was seen that excellent results with scores of more than 90 were seen in 69.56% (n=16) of study subjects. The Good result was seen in 13.04% (n=3) study subjects. The results were fair in 17.39% (n=4) of study subjects. The poor results were not seen in any subject. No complications were seen in 73.91% (n=17) study subjects. Symptomatic metal prominence was seen in 13.04% (n=3) of study subjects. Superficial infection was seen in 8.69% (n=2) of study subjects. Implant loosening was the least common complication seen only in 4.34% (n=1) study subject. Conclusion: The present study concludes that managing the Olecranon fracture using comminuted fracture with Olecranon hook plate and tension band with K-wire for simple transverse fracture with open reduction and internal fixation are efficacious treatment modalities with very few demerits

Do practice gaps exist in evidence-based medication prescription at hospital discharge in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery & coronary angioplasty?

Background & objectives: Prescription patterns of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) after coronary artery bypass surgery [coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)] and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at hospital discharge are often not optimal. In view of scarce data from the developing world, a retrospective analysis of medication advice to patients following CABG and PCI was conducted. Methods: Records of 5948 patients (post-PCI: 5152, post-CABG: 796) who underwent revascularization from 2010 to 2014 at a single tertiary care centre in north India were analyzed. >Results: While age and gender distributions were similar, diabetes and stable angina were more frequent in CABG group. Prescription rates for aspirin 100 per cent versus 98.2 per cent were similar, while beta-blockers (BBs, 95.2 vs 90%), statins (98.2 vs 91.6%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (89.4 vs 41.4%), nitrates (51.2 vs 1.1%) and calcium channel blockers (6.6 vs 1.6%) were more frequently prescribed following PCI. Despite similar baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (48.1 vs 51.1%), diuretics were prescribed almost universally post-CABG (98.2 vs 10.9%, P<0.001). Nearly all (94.4%) post-CABG patients received a prescription for clopidogrel. Patients undergoing PCI were much more likely to receive higher statin dose; 40-80 mg atorvastatin (72 vs <1%, P<0.001) and a higher dose of BB. >Interpretation & conclusions: Significant differences in prescription of GDMT between PCI and CABG patients existed at hospital discharge. A substantial proportion of post-CABG patients did not receive BB and/or statins. These patients were also less likely to receive high-dose statin or optimal BB dose and more likely to routinely receive clopidogrel and diuretics. Such deviations from GDMT need to be rectified to improve quality of cardiac care after coronary revascularization