10 research outputs found

    Crack propagation in grooved long bone segment

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    International audienceThe following paper is an english translation of the scientific article "T. Kurtz, Y. Godio-Raboutet, and J.-L. Tailhan. Propagation de fissure sur tronçon d'os long rainurĂ©. 25 Ăšme congrĂšs français de mĂ©canique, nantes, france. 2022." [1]. The original version is published in french along the work presented during the 25 th French Congress of Mechanics in Nantes (from August 29 th to September 2 nd of 2022).URL link to the original article : https://hal.science/hal-04280203v1A mechanical test of macrocrack propagation in a cortical bone shaft is developed to comprehend the failure mechanisms at this scale and identify fracture processes, which are paramount to a future modelisation. A first set of three-point bending tests was performed on notched segments of human femoral dyaphisis [2, 3]. However, macrocrack orientation is influenced by the material’s anisotropy. In order to drive cracking processes in the transversal direction only, a modification of the testing protocol is submitted.From work found in the litterature [4, 5], notched shafts are previously grooved : a hemispherical groove is milled on the external surface of the bone to guide the crack in the transversal direction in the notch section. Special care is taken for the three-point bending test allowing a mastered procedure despite geometric variability of specimens : positioning and boundary conditions of the samples, notch displacement sensor’s supports alignment regarding bone axis, positioning and height of the notch, constant groove’s depth. The hydraulic jack is driven indirectly with the notch opening, measured with an inductive displacement sensor. A series of unloading/reloading cycles are done to plot residual quantities, pre-peak damage and macrocrack propagation in post-peak.Obtained results are expressed in terms of loading as a function of the notch opening displacement. Load-unloading cycles and residual openings analysis highlight the prominent role of cracking in failure mechanisms. Results show that the residual opening is directly linked to a structural weakening, consequently to the cracking processes, and that no plasticity is found at this scale. Cycles analysis allows us to develop a hypothesis about the role of internal residual stresses on permanent deformation. Furthermore, results point out that the groove guides the macrocrack in the transversal direction. Comparison between results on non-grooved samples exhibits the impact of the geometric feature. Future perspectives rely on the reverse analysis determination of the mechanical properties in the transversal direction

    ModĂ©lisation 3D de l’os maxillaire dans l’analyse par Ă©lĂ©ments finis en implantologie orale : une nouvelle approche utilisant CBCT et anthropomĂ©trie

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    Objectif : CaractĂ©riser l’os maxillaire postĂ©rieur chez l’adulte d’un point de vue gĂ©omĂ©trique pour obtenir des modĂšles numĂ©riques standards par Ă©lĂ©ments finis. MatĂ©riel et mĂ©thodes : Les images CBCT maxillaires des patients qui ont visitĂ© le service de Chirurgie Orale du CHU de La Timone Ă  Marseille, France ont Ă©tĂ© recueillies au cours de l’annĂ©e 2016. Les sujets inclus devaient ĂȘtre ĂągĂ©s de plus de 21 ans et ĂȘtre Ă©dentĂ©s au moins Ă  partir de la premiĂšre prĂ©molaire maxillaire. Les patients atteints d’une pathologie osseuse ou d’un traitement influençant le remodelage osseux n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© inclus. La zone maxillaire postĂ©rieure a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©finie pour chaque CBCT et 6 mesures de hauteur et de largeur de la crĂȘte alvĂ©olaire ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  l’aide d’une mĂ©thode anthropomĂ©trique. Une Ă©tude Gauge Anova R&R avec analyse de la rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ© et de la reproductibilitĂ© de la variance des mesures, ainsi qu’une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) pour isoler des modĂšles standards, ont Ă©tĂ© menĂ©es. Les modĂšles 3D ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s Ă  partir d’images au format DICOM. RĂ©sultats : Le CBCT de 100 hommes et 100 femmes ont Ă©tĂ© retenus dans notre Ă©tude. 1200 mesures de crĂȘte alvĂ©olaire ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e et les valeurs moyennes de hauteur et de largeur des diffĂ©rentes parties de la zone maxillaire postĂ©rieure Ă©taient trĂšs disparates. L’analyse statistique de variance a validĂ© la rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ© et la reproductibilitĂ© de notre protocole de mesures. L’ACP n’a pas permis d’identifier les modĂšles standards et ceux- ci ont Ă©tĂ© modĂ©lisĂ©s Ă  partir de notre base de donnĂ©es. Conclusion : Notre travail est le premier Ă  considĂ©rer des paramĂštres anthropomĂ©triques sur un large Ă©chantillon de sujets dans la mĂ©thode des Ă©lĂ©ments finis. Nous mettons ainsi en Ă©vidence la perspective de rĂ©aliser des modĂšles anatomiques complexes et rĂ©alistes Ă  partir de l’anatomie humaine pour rĂ©aliser des tests biomĂ©caniques en implantologie orale

    Method for Evaluating Cortical Bone Young's Modulus: Numerical Twin Reconstruction, Finite Element Calculation, and Microstructure Analysis

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    International audienceAbstract The determination of bone mechanical properties remains crucial, especially to feed up numerical models. An original methodology of inverse analysis has been developed to determine the longitudinal elastic modulus of femoral cortical bone. The method is based on a numerical twin of a specific three-point bending test. It has been designed to be reproducible on each test result. In addition, the biofidelity of the geometric acquisition method has been quantified. As the assessment is performed at the scale of a bone shaft segment, the Young's modulus values obtained (between 9518.29 MPa and 14181.15 MPa) are considered average values for the whole tissue, highlighting some intersubject variability. The material microstructure has also been studied through histological analysis, and bone-to-bone comparisons highlighted discrepancies in quadrants microstructures. Furthermore, significant intrasubject variability exists since differences between the bone's medial-lateral and anterior–posterior quadrants have been observed. Thus, the study of microstructures can largely explain the differences between the elastic modulus values obtained. However, a more in-depth study of bone mineral density would also be necessary and would provide some additional information. This study is currently being setup, alongside an investigation of the local variations of the elastic modulus.</jats:p

    BIGFOOT SYSTEMS(R)

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    Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye
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