246 research outputs found
Correlation of the angular dependence of spin-transfer torque and giant magnetoresistance in the limit of diffusive transport in spin valves
Angular variation of giant magnetoresistance and spin-transfer torque in
metallic spin-valve heterostructures is analyzed theoretically in the limit of
diffusive transport. It is shown that the spin-transfer torque in asymmetric
spin valves can vanish in non-collinear magnetic configurations, and such a
non-standard behavior of the torque is generally associated with a
non-monotonic angular dependence of the giant magnetoresistance, with a global
minimum at a non-collinear magnetic configuration.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, BRIEF REPORT
Graphene on transition-metal dichalcogenides: a platform for proximity spin-orbit physics and optospintronics
Hybrids of graphene and two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
(TMDC) have the potential to bring graphene spintronics to the next level. As
we show here by performing first-principles calculations of graphene on
monolayer MoS, there are several advantages of such hybrids over pristine
graphene. First, Dirac electrons in graphene exhibit a giant global proximity
spin-orbit coupling, without compromising the semimetallic character of the
whole system at zero field. Remarkably, these spin-orbit effects can be very
accurately described by a simple effective Hamiltonian. Second, the Fermi level
can be tuned by a transverse electric field to cross the MoS conduction
band, creating a system of coupled massive and massles electron gases. Both
charge and spin transport in such systems should be unique. Finally, we propose
to use graphene/TMDC structures as a platform for optospintronics, in
particular for optical spin injection into graphene and for studying spin
transfer between TMDC and graphene.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Anisotropic optical properties of Fe/GaAs(001) nanolayers from first principles
We investigate the anisotropy of the optical properties of thin Fe films on
GaAs(001) from first-principles calculations. Both intrinsic and
magnetization-induced anisotropy are covered by studying the system in the
presence of spin-orbit coupling and external magnetic fields. We use the
linearized augmented plane wave method, as implemented in the WIEN2k density
functional theory code, to show that the symmetric anisotropy of the
spin-orbit coupling fields at the Fe/GaAs(001) interface manifests itself in
the corresponding anisotropy of the optical conductivity and the polar
magneto-optical Kerr effect. While their magnetization-induced anisotropy is
negligible, the intrinsic anisotropy of the optical properties is significant
and reflects the underlying symmetry of the Fe/GaAs(001) interface.
This suggests that the effects of anisotropic spin-orbit coupling fields in
experimentally relevant Fe/GaAs(001) slabs can be studied by purely optical
means.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure
Theory of electronic and spin-orbit proximity effects in graphene on Cu(111)
We study orbital and spin-orbit proximity effects in graphene adsorbed to the
Cu(111) surface by means of density functional theory (DFT). The proximity
effects are caused mainly by the hybridization of graphene and copper d
orbitals. Our electronic structure calculations agree well with the
experimentally observed features. We carry out a graphene-Cu(111) distance
dependent study to obtain proximity orbital and spin-orbit coupling parameters,
by fitting the DFT results to a robust low energy model Hamiltonian. We find a
strong distance dependence of the Rashba and intrinsic proximity induced
spin-orbit coupling parameters, which are in the meV and hundreds of eV
range, respectively, for experimentally relevant distances. The Dirac spectrum
of graphene also exhibits a proximity orbital gap, of about 20 meV.
Furthermore, we find a band inversion within the graphene states accompanied by
a reordering of spin and pseudospin states, when graphene is pressed towards
copper
Spin relaxation mechanism in graphene: resonant scattering by magnetic impurities
It is proposed that the observed small (100 ps) spin relaxation time in
graphene is due to resonant scattering by local magnetic moments. At
resonances, magnetic moments behave as spin hot spots: the spin-flip scattering
rates are as large as the spin-conserving ones, as long as the exchange
interaction is greater than the resonance width. Smearing of the resonance
peaks by the presence of electron-hole puddles gives quantitative agreement
with experiment, for about 1 ppm of local moments. While the local moments can
come from a variety of sources, we specifically focus on hydrogen adatoms. We
perform first-principles supercell calculations and introduce an effective
Hamiltonian to obtain realistic input parameters for our mechanism.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures + Suppl. material (3 pages, 5 figures
Current-driven destabilization of both collinear configurations in asymmetric spin-valves
Spin transfer torque in spin valves usually destabilizes one of the collinear
configurations (either parallel or antiparallel) and stabilizes the second one.
Apart from this, balance of the spin-transfer and damping torques can lead to
steady precessional modes. In this letter we show that in some asymmetric
nanopillars spin current can destabilize both parallel and antiparallel
configurations. As a result, stationary precessional modes can occur at zero
magnetic field. The corresponding phase diagram as well as frequencies of the
precessional modes have been calculated in the framework of macrospin model.
The relevant spin transfer torque has been calculated in terms of the
macroscopic model based on spin diffusion equations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Optical conductivity of hydrogenated graphene from first principles
We investigate the effect of hydrogen coverage on the optical conductivity of
single-side hydrogenated graphene from first principles calculations. To
account for different degrees of uniform hydrogen coverage we calculate the
complex optical conductivity for graphene supercells of various sizes, each
containing a single additional hydrogen atom. We use the linearized augmented
plane wave (LAPW) method, as implemented in the WIEN2k density functional
theory code, to show that the hydrogen coverage strongly influences the complex
optical conductivity and thus the optical properties, such as absorption, of
hydrogenated graphene. We find that the optical conductivity of graphene in the
infrared, visible, and ultraviolet range has different characteristic features
depending on the degree of hydrogen coverage. This opens up new possibilities
to tailor the optical properties of graphene by reversible hydrogenation, and
to determine the hydrogen coverage of hydrogenated graphene samples in the
experiment by contact-free optical absorption measurements.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
Nonlinear magnetotransport in dual spin valves
Recent experimental measurements of magnetoresistance in dual spin valves [A.
Aziz et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 237203 (2009)] reveal some nonlinear
features of transport, which have not been observed in other systems. We
propose a phenomenological model describing current-dependent resistance (and
giant magnetoresistance) in double spin valves. The model is based on a
modified Valet-Fert approach, and takes into account the dependence of
bulk/interface resistance and bulk/interface spin asymmetry parameters for the
central magnetic layer on spin accumulation, and consequently on charge
current. Such a nonlinear model accounts for recent experimental observations
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