A model for phenotype change in a stochastic framework

some species, an inducible secondary phenotype will develop some time after the environmental change that evokes it. Nishimura (2006) [4] showed how an individual organism should optimize the time it takes to respond to an environmental change ("waiting time''). If the optimal waiting time is considered to act over the population, there are implications for the expected value of the mean fitness in that population. A stochastic predator-prey model is proposed in which the prey have a fixed initial energy budget. Fitness is the product of survival probability and the energy remaining for non-defensive purposes. The model is placed in the stochastic domain by assuming that the waiting time in the population is a normally distributed random variable because of biological variance inherent in mounting the response. It is found that the value of the mean waiting time that maximises fitness depends linearly on the variance of the waiting time

Collective patterns arising out of spatio-temporal chaos

We present a simple mathematical model in which a time averaged pattern emerges out of spatio-temporal chaos as a result of the collective action of chaotic fluctuations. Our evolution equation possesses spatial translational symmetry under a periodic boundary condition. Thus the spatial inhomogeneity of the statistical state arises through a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The transition from a state of homogeneous spatio-temporal chaos to one exhibiting spatial order is explained by introducing a collective viscosity which relates the averaged pattern with a correlation of the fluctuations.Comment: 11 pages (Revtex) + 5 figures (postscript

Knowledge Exchange Through Science Diplomacy to Assist Disaster Risk Reduction. Progress in Disaster Science

This paper analyses science diplomacy efforts to reduce disaster risks and proposes establishing national knowledge exchange centers (KECs) to help individual states adhere to their Sendai Framework goals. KECs are considered to be interconnected globally and work together to promote resilience efforts by facilitating sharing of information and strategies in risk monitoring, assessment, and ultimately reduction across the globe. KECs can provide high-quality scientific evidence for informed decisionmaking along with a component related to disaster science media to ensure that appropriate knowledge reaches a variety of people who need it in different forms tailored for them. KECs can promote transdisciplinary education in disaster-related science diplomacy (i.e., disaster diplomacy). The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the International Science Council (ISC) can provide assistance to KECs through UNDRR National Platforms and ISC Members

E2F1 Orchestrates Transcriptomics and Oxidative Metabolism in Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Growth-Restricted Infants

10.1371/journal.pone.0163035PloS one119e0163035GUSTO (Growing up towards Healthy Outcomes

Stochastic synchronization in globally coupled phase oscillators

Cooperative effects of periodic force and noise in globally Cooperative effects of periodic force and noise in globally coupled systems are studied using a nonlinear diffusion equation for the number density. The amplitude of the order parameter oscillation is enhanced in an intermediate range of noise strength for a globally coupled bistable system, and the order parameter oscillation is entrained to the external periodic force in an intermediate range of noise strength. These enhancement phenomena of the response of the order parameter in the deterministic equations are interpreted as stochastic resonance and stochastic synchronization in globally coupled systems.Comment: 5 figure