A ferromagnet with a glass transition

We introduce a finite-connectivity ferromagnetic model with a three-spin interaction which has a crystalline (ferromagnetic) phase as well as a glass phase. The model is not frustrated, it has a ferromagnetic equilibrium phase at low temperature which is not reached dynamically in a quench from the high-temperature phase. Instead it shows a glass transition which can be studied in detail by a one step replica-symmetry broken calculation. This spin model exhibits the main properties of the structural glass transition at a solvable mean-field level.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, uses epl.cls (included

Multiple-Surrogate Approach to Helicopter Rotor Blade Vibration Reduction

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77383/1/AIAA-40291-933.pd

Stationary relativistic jets

In this paper we describe a simple numerical approach which allows to study the structure of steady-state axisymmetric relativistic jets using one-dimensional time-dependent simulations. It is based on the fact that for narrow jets with vz≈cvz≈c the steady-state equations of relativistic magnetohydrodynamics can be accurately approximated by the one-dimensional time-dependent equations after the substitution z=ctz=ct. Since only the time-dependent codes are now publicly available this is a valuable and efficient alternative to the development of a high-specialised code for the time-independent equations. The approach is also much cheaper and more robust compared to the relaxation method. We tested this technique against numerical and analytical solutions found in literature as well as solutions we obtained using the relaxation method and found it sufficiently accurate. In the process, we discovered the reason for the failure of the self-similar analytical model of the jet reconfinement in relatively flat atmospheres and elucidated the nature of radial oscillations of steady-state jets

Aspects of coverage in medical DNA sequencing

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>DNA sequencing is now emerging as an important component in biomedical studies of diseases like cancer. Short-read, highly parallel sequencing instruments are expected to be used heavily for such projects, but many design specifications have yet to be conclusively established. Perhaps the most fundamental of these is the redundancy required to detect sequence variations, which bears directly upon genomic coverage and the consequent resolving power for discerning somatic mutations.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We address the medical sequencing coverage problem via an extension of the standard mathematical theory of haploid coverage. The expected diploid multi-fold coverage, as well as its generalization for aneuploidy are derived and these expressions can be readily evaluated for any project. The resulting theory is used as a scaling law to calibrate performance to that of standard BAC sequencing at 8× to 10× redundancy, i.e. for expected coverages that exceed 99% of the unique sequence. A differential strategy is formalized for tumor/normal studies wherein tumor samples are sequenced more deeply than normal ones. In particular, both tumor alleles should be detected at least twice, while both normal alleles are detected at least once. Our theory predicts these requirements can be met for tumor and normal redundancies of approximately 26× and 21×, respectively. We explain why these values do not differ by a factor of 2, as might intuitively be expected. Future technology developments should prompt even deeper sequencing of tumors, but the 21× value for normal samples is essentially a constant.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Given the assumptions of standard coverage theory, our model gives pragmatic estimates for required redundancy. The differential strategy should be an efficient means of identifying potential somatic mutations for further study.</p

A randomized, phase III trial to evaluate rucaparib monotherapy as maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer (ATHENA–MONO/GOG-3020/ENGOT-ov45)

PURPOSE: ATHENA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03522246) was designed to evaluate rucaparib first-line maintenance treatment in a broad patient population, including those without BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA) mutations or other evidence of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), or high-risk clinical characteristics such as residual disease. We report the results from the ATHENA–MONO comparison of rucaparib versus placebo. METHODS: Patients with stage III-IV high-grade ovarian cancer undergoing surgical cytoreduction (R0/complete resection permitted) and responding to first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy were randomly assigned 4:1 to oral rucaparib 600 mg twice a day or placebo. Stratification factors were HRD test status, residual disease after chemotherapy, and timing of surgery. The primary end point of investigator-assessed progression-free survival was assessed in a step-down procedure, first in the HRD population (BRCA-mutant or BRCA wild-type/loss of heterozygosity high tumor), and then in the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: As of March 23, 2022 (data cutoff), 427 and 111 patients were randomly assigned to rucaparib or placebo, respectively (HRD population: 185 v 49). Median progression-free survival (95% CI) was 28.7 months (23.0 to not reached) with rucaparib versus 11.3 months (9.1 to 22.1) with placebo in the HRD population (log-rank P = .0004; hazard ratio [HR], 0.47; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.72); 20.2 months (15.2 to 24.7) versus 9.2 months (8.3 to 12.2) in the intent-to-treat population (log-rank P < .0001; HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.68); and 12.1 months (11.1 to 17.7) versus 9.1 months (4.0 to 12.2) in the HRD-negative population (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.95). The most common grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events were anemia (rucaparib, 28.7% v placebo, 0%) and neutropenia (14.6% v 0.9%). CONCLUSION: Rucaparib monotherapy is effective as first-line maintenance, conferring significant benefit versus placebo in patients with advanced ovarian cancer with and without HRD

Development of water and wastewater infrastructure in Lublin province in 2000-2011

W pracy przeprowadzono analizę rozwoju infrastruktury wodno-ściekowej w woj. lubelskim w latach 2000-2010. Ponadto na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych, wykonanych w 70 wybranych gminach województwa, przedstawiono stan podstawowych elementów infrastruktury wodno-ściekowej w 2011 r. Stwierdzono dużą dysproporcję pomiędzy rozwojem sieci wodociągowej i kanalizacyjnej na terenach wiejskich woj. lubelskiego w pierwszej dekadzie XXI wieku. Odnotowano, że w 2011 r. w wybranych gminach województwa (głównie wiejskich) z sieci wodociągowej korzystało 84,8% ludności, a z sieci kanalizacyjnej tylko 18,6%. W latach 2000-2010 w woj. lubelskim odnotowano stopniowy postęp w zakresie budowy sieci kanalizacyjnych, a szczególnie w przypadku zbiorowych i przydomowych oczyszczalni ścieków, który był możliwy głównie dzięki funduszom unijnym pozyskanym przez jednostki samorządowe. W analizowanym okresie wśród zbiorowych oczyszczalni ścieków najczęściej stosowano oczyszczalnie biologiczne, a w przypadku obiektów przydomowych - systemy z drenażem rozsączającym.The paper presents analyzes the development of water and sewage infrastructure in the Lublin province in 2000-2010. In addition, based on the results of surveys carried out in 70 selected municipalities province, presents the state of the basic elements of water and sewage infrastructure in 2011. Found a large disparity between the development of water supply and sanitation in rural of Lublin province in the first decade of the twenty-first century. It was noted that in 2011 in selected municipalities of the region (mainly rural) water supply system has benefited 84.8% of the population, and the sewerage system only 18.6%. In the years 2000-2010 in the Lublin province has been gradual progress the construction of sewerage systems, and particularly in the case of collective and sewage treatment plants, which was possible mainly thanks to EU funds acquired by local governments. In the analyzed period, the collective biological waste water treatment plants were the most commonly used, in the case of household objects - infiltration drainage systems