Inside and outside legality: A pluralistic and social construction of law

What is inside and what is outside the law? A question that is not easy to answer and that forces legal theory to ask itself about which are today the forms of normative production and which are the boundaries of law. Through the analysis of the deep transformations of the global legal order and of the issues related to the boundaries of law and to the forms of hybrid legality, the essay offers a pluralist and dynamic interpretation of the social genesis of law.¿Qué es lo que está dentro y lo que está fuera del derecho? Es un dilema difícil de solucionar, que obliga a la teoría jurídica a interrogarse acerca de las actuales formas de producción normativa y de los mismos confines del derecho. A través del análisis de las profundas transformaciones del orden jurídico global y de las problemáticas que atañen a los confines del derecho y a las formas de juridicidad híbrida, este ensayo se presenta como una lectura pluralista y dinámica de la génesis social del derecho

Over-Stuffing the Envelope: The Problems with Creative Transfer of Development Rights

This note examines how not-for-profit institutions and private developers are engaging in innovative transactions pushing transferable development rights (TDRs) to new extremes. The Board of Estimate has created exceptions to its own zoning laws to benefit not-for-profits, for instance, by allowing transfer of unused development rights to previously impermissible distances. This note explores whether TDR transactions involving not-for-profit organizations have set precedents that will thwart traditional urban planning objectives. The note examines the history of TDRs and recent radical applications involving Grand Central Terminal, South Street Seaport, and Old Slip. The author ultimately balances the creative applications of TDRs with urban planning objectives and proposes a literal interpretation of existing zoning laws to protect zoning objectives

Renormalisation of gauge theories on general anisotropic lattices and high-energy scattering in QCD

We study the renormalisation of $SU(N_c)$ gauge theories on general anisotropic lattices, to one-loop order in perturbation theory, employing the background field method. The results are then applied in the context of two different approaches to hadronic high-energy scattering. In the context of the Euclidean nonperturbative approach to soft high-energy scattering based on Wilson loops, we refine the nonperturbative justification of the analytic continuation relations of the relevant Wilson-loop correlators, required to obtain physical results. In the context of longitudinally-rescaled actions, we study the consequences of one-loop corrections on the relation between the $SU(N_c)$ gauge theory and its effective description in terms of two-dimensional principal chiral models.Comment: Revised version with minor corrections, matches published version; 40 pages, 4 figure

Orthodontic treatment need and prevalence of malocclusions in the Orthodontic Unit of "Sapienza - University of Rome" : a six - year clinical experience

AIM The objective of this epidemiological survey was to investigate the dental-skeletal features of subjects attending the Public Dental Service in U.O.C. (Orthodontic Department of “La Sapienza University of Rome) and compare them with the existing body of evidence coming from other surveys. Accordingly, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (I.O.T.N.) was employed, in order to achieve a common framework to allow the shaping of public health prevention practices. MATERIALS & METHODS A sample of 3491 subjects in the Orthodontic Department of “La Sapienza- University of Rome” (UOC) was evaluated with the adoption of I.O.T.N. to define malocclusion severity. RESULTS In the result analysis, it was observed that class II malocclusion was more frequent in the sample (40%), and a large part of the examined population also presented mandibular dental crowding (43%), increased overjet (41%), increased overbite (38%). Only 26,44% (20,17% IOTN 4; 6,27% IOTN 5) had strong need for orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSION The realization of epidemiologic investigations to establish priority for treatment need is therefore particularly useful, not only to estimate the prevalence of some clinical conditions in the observed population, but also to plan targeted interventions, such as interceptive and corrective therapies in growing children. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE These interventions could solve specific clinical situations and/or prevent their escalation. Only in this way it’s possible to avoid fragmenting the limited resources available, using them for patients with an objective need

Agriculture and economic recovery in post-conflict countries: Lessons we never learnt

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