From the Closed Society to the Realization of Freedom: The Mississippi Delegation Debate at the 1964 Democratic National Convention

In late August of 1964, two-days prior to the opening ceremonies of the Democratic National Convention, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP) members were poised to challenge the seating of the regular, all-white Mississippi Democratic Party delegation in dramatic fashion on national television. While both sides believed that they would win the challenge, neither side could have foreseen the complicated twists and turns this debate would take. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the arguments of the Mississippi delegation debate at the 1964 Democratic National Convention in order to more fully understand the rhetorical situation.Using Lloyd Bitzer\u27s definition, this dissertation analyzed the arguments of the Mississippi delegation debate first by situating those arguments within the rhetorical context, then by assessing the debate discourse through a close reading of the text. Additionally, this study employed oral history techniques to thicken the historical descriptions of the rhetorical situation and to enhance the meaning inferred from a close reading of the arguments.What emerged from this historical moment was an interesting rhetorical situation. From the perspective of the MFDP, there was a rhetorical exigency that needed to be addressed through the discourse of the delegation debate. While their arguments were persuasive in changing the attitudes of the credential committee members, their discourse was ultimately rendered ineffectual because of the institutional constraints they faced. Although members of the MFDP may have struggled to understand this point at the national convention, the regulars understood it well. As a result, the regulars focused their testimony on the realities of the current power relationships within the National Democratic Party. In the end, they were effective because they were able to remind their audience what was at stake. Therefore, this dissertation argued that key terms were used in this debate not only to promote democratic values, but also to guide the decision of the credentials committee by re-appropriating our understanding of representation from a moral, political perspective (held by the MFDP) to a legal, technical perspective (held by the regulars)

How national and regional U.S. newspapers framed abortion and the glass ceiling effect, 2000-2005

The mass media continue to be a potent force that shape the way people understand important social issues, including those that relate to the status of women in society. This study analyzed how two national newspapers-the Washington Post and the New York Times-and two regional newspapers-the Minneapolis Star Tribune and the Des Moines Register-covered two feminist issues: abortion and the glass ceiling syndrome. As a theoretical foundation, it used a dimension of framing theory which predicts that national and regional newspapers will differ in terms of the frames they used to cover the two issues because of differences in several factors that influence how journalists discuss social topics, such as social norms and values, organizational pressures and constraints, pressures of interest groups, journalistic routines, and ideological or political orientations of journalists. The intensity of coverage, frames used, attitudes, and sources cited were compared over a five-year period (2000-2005). In general, this study found partial support for the tenets of framing theory in that the national and regional papers did not differ significantly in terms of the frames they used to cover the two issues. In terms of the sources cited, however, the national papers made more attributions to government officials and agencies, but the regional papers cited more advocacy group and citizen voices in their articles. The national papers also tended to be more positive toward the two feminist issues than the regional newspapers