Determinación espectrofotométrica de V(V) mediante 2-piraldilaldehido-2-quinolilhidrazona

El vanadio reacciona con 2-piridilaldehido-2-quinolilhidrazona (PAQH) en medio hidroalcohólico, entre valores de pH aparentes comprendidos entre 3 y 5 (pD = 6'3) formando un complejo cuya estequiometria, determinada por métodos espectrofotométricos, es de 2: 1 (reactivo: catión); el complejo, de color rojo, es estable por lo menos durante 2 horas, presentando máxima absorción a los valores de pH comprendidos entre 4 y 5'2. Se establece un nuevo método para la determinación espectrofotométrica de V(V), con menor error dentro del intervalo comprendido entre 2 y 5 ppm. El coeficiente de extinción molar es de (10'0 ± 0'3). 103 y la constante de inestabilidad es de pK = 8'00 ± 0'04.Vanadium (V) reacts with the 2-pyridinealdehyde-2-quinolylhydrazone in hydroalcoholic mixtures at pH values between 3 and 5 (pD = 6'3), glving a complex which stoichlometry from spectrophotometric data has been establ1shed as 2: 1 (reag,ent: cation). This red coloured complex is stable 2 hours at least and its maximal absorption is shown between the pH values 4 and 5"2. The opti- caI den sities of the solutlons of that complex obey the Lambert-Beer law in the range of concentrations between 0'5 and 6 ppm. of vanadium. The molar absoptivity coefficient is (10'0 ± 0'3) . 103 and the unstability 'constant pK = 8'00 ± 0'04

Grain quality as Influenced by the structural properties of weed communities in Mediterranean wheat crops

Weed community structure, including composition, taxonomic and functional diversity, may explain variability in crop quality, adding to the variability accounted by management, climatic and genetic factors. Focusing on Mediterranean rainfed wheat crops, we sampled weed communities from 26 fields in Spain that were either organically or conventionally managed. Weed communities were characterized by their abundance and taxonomic, compositional and trait-based measures. Grain protein concentration and the glutenin to gliadin ratio were used as indicators of wheat grain quality. Linear mixed effects models were used to analyze the relationship between crop quality and weed community variables, while accounting for environmental factors. Nitrogen fertilization, previous crop and precipitation explained a large portion of the variation in wheat grain protein concentration (R2marginal = 0.39) and composition (R2marginal = 0.26). Weed community measures had limited effects on grain quality (increasing R2marginal of models by 1% on average). The weed effects were related to the composition and the functional structure of their communities, but not to their abundance. Environmental conditions promoting higher protein concentration were also selecting for weed species with competitive attributes, whereas the role of weed functional diversity depended on the functional trait and on the resource limiting crop grain quality. Understanding the mechanisms of weed effects on crop quality could aid on designing sustainable weed management practices.This research was supported by grants AGL2012-33736 and AGL2015-64130-R funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. D.J.G. was partially supported by the United States National Science Foundation (DUE 1758497 and DUE 1949969)Postprint (published version

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El vanadio reacciona con 2-piridilaldehido-2-quinolilhidrazona (PAQH) en medio hidroalcohólico, entre valores de pH aparentes comprendidos entre 3 y 5 (pD = 6'3) formando un complejo cuya estequiometria, determinada por métodos espectrofotométricos, es de 2: 1 (reactivo: catión); el complejo, de color rojo, es estable por lo menos durante 2 horas, presentando máxima absorción a los valores de pH comprendidos entre 4 y 5'2. Se establece un nuevo método para la determinación espectrofotométrica de V(V), con menor error dentro del intervalo comprendido entre 2 y 5 ppm. El coeficiente de extinción molar es de (10'0 ± 0'3). 103 y la constante de inestabilidad es de pK = 8'00 ± 0'04.Vanadium (V) reacts with the 2-pyridinealdehyde-2-quinolylhydrazone in hydroalcoholic mixtures at pH values between 3 and 5 (pD = 6'3), glving a complex which stoichlometry from spectrophotometric data has been established as 2: 1 (reagent: cation). This red coloured complex is stable 2 hours at least and its maximal absorption is shown between the pH values 4 and 5"2. The opti- caI den sities of the solutlons of that complex obey the Lambert-Beer law in the range of concentrations between 0'5 and 6 ppm of vanadium. The molar absoptivity coefficient is (10'0 ± 0'3) . 103 and the unstability constant pK = 8'00 ± 0'04

Grain Quality as Influenced by the Structural Properties of Weed Communities in Mediterranean Wheat Crops

Weed community structure, including composition, taxonomic and functional diversity, may explain variability in crop quality, adding to the variability accounted by management, climatic and genetic factors. Focusing on Mediterranean rainfed wheat crops, we sampled weed communities from 26 fields in Spain that were either organically or conventionally managed. Weed communities were characterized by their abundance and taxonomic, compositional and trait-based measures. Grain protein concentration and the glutenin to gliadin ratio were used as indicators of wheat grain quality. Linear mixed effects models were used to analyze the relationship between crop quality and weed community variables, while accounting for environmental factors. Nitrogen fertilization, previous crop and precipitation explained a large portion of the variation in wheat grain protein concentration (R2marginal = 0.39) and composition (R2marginal = 0.26). Weed community measures had limited effects on grain quality (increasing R2marginal of models by 1% on average). The weed effects were related to the composition and the functional structure of their communities, but not to their abundance. Environmental conditions promoting higher protein concentration were also selecting for weed species with competitive attributes, whereas the role of weed functional diversity depended on the functional trait and on the resource limiting crop grain quality. Understanding the mechanisms of weed effects on crop quality could aid on designing sustainable weed management practices

Core indicators evaluation of effectiveness of HIV-AIDS preventive-control programmes carried out by nongovernmental organizations. A mixed method study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The number of nongovernmental organizations working on AIDS has grown. There is great diversity in the type of activities and population groups that have been targeted. The purposes of this study are: to describe and analyze the objectives and HIV-AIDS preventive activities that are carried out by the AIDS-NGOs that work with AIDS in Catalonia and that receive subsidies from the Department of Health; and to develop a comprehensive proposal for measurable and agreed upon core quality evaluation indicators to monitor and assess those objectives and activities that can have an impact on the fight against inequalities and stigmatization, and incorporate the perspectives of the service providers and users.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A mixed method study has been carried out with professionals from the 36 NGOs that work with HIV/AIDS in Catalonia, as well as their users. This study achieved the completeness model using the following phases:</p> <p>1. A systematic review of AIDS-NGOs annual reports and preparation of a catalogue of activities grouped by objectives, level of prevention and AIDS-NGOs target population; 2. A transversal study through an ad-hoc questionnaire administered to the AIDS-NGOs representatives; 3. A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach through focus groups, individual interviews and observations; 4. Consensus meetings between AIDS-NGOs professionals and the research team using Haddon matrices in order to establish a proposal of evaluation indicators.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The information was classified according to level of prevention and level of intervention. A total of 248 objectives and 258 prevention activities were identified. 1564 evaluation indicators, addressed to 7 target population groups, were produced. Thirty core activities were selected. The evaluation indicators proposed for these activities were: 76 indicators for 15 primary prevention activities, 43 for 5 secondary prevention activities and 68 for 10 tertiary prevention activities.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results could help to homogeneously assess the preventive-control activities carried out of AIDS-NGOs. The proposed indicators could help the professionals to improve the evaluation of the preventive-control AIDS-NGOs activities. Furthermore, the Haddon matrix enables us to identify deficiencies of activities at intervention levels and strategies to bear in mind in order to enhance the future AIDS prevention programs.</p

Protective factors in patients aged over 65 with stroke treated by physiotherapy, showing cognitive impairment, in the Valencia Community. Protection Study in Older People (EPACV)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Family function may have an influence on the mental health deterioration of the caregivers of dependent family members and it could have a varying importance on the care of dependents. Little attention has been paid to the preparation of minor stroke survivors for the recovery trajectory or the spouse for the caregiving role. Therefore, this study protocol intends to analyze the influence of family function on the protection of patients with stroke sequels needing physiotherapy in the family environment.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>This is an analytical observational design, prospective cohort study and using a qualitative methodology by means of data collected in the “interviews of life”. The study will be carried out by the Rehabilitation Service at Hospital of Elda in the Valencia Community.</p> <p>All patients that have been diagnosed with stroke and need physiotherapy treatment, having a dependency grade assigned and consent to participate in the study, will undergo a monitoring of one year in order to assess the predictive factors depending on the dependence of the people affected.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Our research aims to analyze the perception of caregivers, their difficulties to work, and the influence of family function. Moreover, it aims to register the perception of the patients with stroke sequel over the care received and whether they feel protected in their family environment.</p

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AimThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery.MethodsThis was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin.ResultsOverall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P ConclusionOne in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease