Application of the theory of compound cores for the assessment of stress pattern in the cross section of a strengthened beam column

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article considers the results of theoretical studies of the stress-strain state of an eccentrically compressed element reinforced with a reinforced concrete cage. The theory of composite rods is used as a theoretical basis. As a result of the solution of the theoretical problem, analytical expressions are obtained for determining the normal stresses in the cross-section of the reinforced element and tangential stresses along the contact seam. The results of the calculations for the proposed approach are compared with the previously performed research results

The feature of scientific explanation in the teaching of chemistry in the environment of new information of school students’ developmental education

© 2016 by iSER, International Society of Educational Research.The aim of this article is to disclose features of scientific explanation in teaching of chemistry in the environment of new information of school students’ developmental education. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the information and environmental approach that comprehensively address the problem of scientific explanation in the teaching of chemistry, to identify its characteristics and its role in the didactic system of developing training. In the article the concept of "informational-educational environment" and "personal information culture", identified the main function as the primary explanation of the procedure of scientific thinking in the teaching of chemistry. The features of scientific explanation in teaching chemistry in the new educational environment due to six types of relationships induction and deduction in explaining chemical phenomena, theories and laws. The choice of the ratio of induction and deduction affect the chemical nature of the studied object, the problem of knowing the object, the logical links between the structure of the object and the structure used to explain knowledge. It was found that the role of scientific explanation in the didactic system of developing education in the new information environment is the development of students forming their scientific outlook, logical thinking and culture of information activities

Teaching of students technology early professional orientation of schoolchildren

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The necessity of early professional orientation of schoolchildren on the engineering profession and a new type of teacher was proved. Theoretically substantiated and experimentally tested pedagogical conditions of training of students - future teachers of technology early professional orientation of schoolchildren in the system of university preparation of teacher of a new type. This development of courses of special disciplines, aimed at developing of future teachers of readiness for early career guidance activities; development of interactive group projects for schoolchildren of different age groups (including primary school), expanding their understanding of the world of professions; practical testing of career guidance projects dealing with children's audience

Innovative technologies of waste recycling with production of high performance products

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The innovative ways of recycling wastes as a tool for sustainable development are presented in the article. The technology of the production of a composite material based on the rubber fiber composite waste tire industry is presented. The results of experimental use of the products in the real conditions. The comparative characteristics of the composite material rubber fiber composite are given. The production technology of construction and repairing materials on the basis of foamed glass is presented

Results of experimental investigations of extra-compressible compression elements enhanced by reinforced concrete

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article considers a range of issues related to ensuring the compatibility of prefabricated and monolithic concrete in the case of reinforcement of eccentrically compressed elements with reinforced concrete cage. A calculation expression is presented to determine the required thickness of the gain from the condition of ensuring the strength of the shear joint. The main design expressions for testing the strength of the contact seam in the case of using keys and reinforcement by transverse reinforcement are considered. Based on the proposed theoretical premises, a program of experimental studies has been developed

The selection of energy-efficient main processing of the soil for sugar sorghum

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The implementation of any culture is the basic processing of soil are given great attention, as it largely affects the water-physical, biological and agricultural properties of the soil that ultimately determines yield

A portfolio as an alternative means of presenting the university student’s achievements

© Canadian Center of Science and Education. The article defines the objective, the tasks, the functions of the portfolio as an alternative means of presentation of the students’ achievements in higher professional school. Nowadays there is no specified structure of the student portfolio, it may vary according to the targets, direction, educational profile and other factors. The paper considers the development of the structure of the undergraduate student portfolio. It also describes the principles of designing a portfolio, the main advantages and disadvantages of using a student portfolio in the university educational process. The practical relevance of this article reinforces the presented brief practical advice on creation a portfolio

Comparative characteristics of the outcomes of the use of multidirectional intravitreal pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema

Purpose. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of intravitreal injection of dexamethasone-containing implant and aflibercept in macular edema in patients with diabetes mellitus.Material and methods. The study involved 80 patients (80 eyes) with macular edema. The group 1 included 38 patients (38 eyes) who underwent a single intravitreal injection of dexamethasone-containing biodegradable implant «Ozurdex» in a dose of 0.7 mg according to the standard technique. In the group 2, 42 patients (42 eyes) received 5 loading doses of aflibercept with an interval of one month. All patients underwent monthly spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macular area, as well as visometry and tonometry during the observation period.Results. One month after intravitreal injection of the studied drugs in both groups, no inflammatory reactions were detected in any case. According to OCT data, cystic edema of the macular area with a tendency to decrease the thickness in the fovea was preserved. After treatment with aflibercept, the average retinal thickness in the macula was 186.4±15.1 μm, and visual acuity averaged 0.48±0.05 in 85.7% of patients. During therapy with intravitreal injection of Ozurdex, an increase in visual acuity was noted in 89.4% of patients.Conclusion. This study found that intravitreal pharmacotherapy with an angiogenesis blocker and a dexamethasone implant in patients with diabetic macular edema are comparable in its effectiveness – 85.7 and 89.4% respectively. If systematic anti-angiogenesis therapy is not possible for a number of reasons, it is advisable to use a prolonged dexamethasone implant

The prevalence of cataract surgery and the assessment of postoperative visual function in the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Purpose. Studying the prevalence and functional results of cataract surgery and factors that negatively affect postoperative visual functions in the population of the R epublic of Bashkortostan.Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of a pilot descriptive population study – Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), conducted on the basis of the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases. This analysis included 5 885 people aged 40 and over with data on performing cataract surgery. Poor visual outcome after cataract surgery was defined with uncorrected visual acuity below 0.3. Statistical data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics application package.Results. The prevalence of cataract surgery was 6.1% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5.5–6.8%). A higher frequency of operations was associated with the age factor (odds ratio – OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.11– 1.15%, p<0.001), male gender (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.43–2.59, p=0.003), urban living (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04–1.80, p=0.02) and widowhood (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.13–2.17, p=0.006). Low visual results after cataract surgery, considering the maximum postoperative correction, were found in 16.1% of cases (81 eyes). The main reasons for the low postoperative outcome: refractive error (40.4%), macular degeneration (18.5%), glaucoma (16.0%), posterior capsule opacification (13.6%) and diabetic retinopathy (12.3%).Conclusion. The obtained results of good postoperative uncorrected visual acuity amounted to 73.1% and turned out to be quite close to international standards (80%). The main reasons for the low visual results of cataract surgery were refractive error and age-related macular degeneration

On the Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Aim. To study of the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in the Republic of Bashkortostan among people over 40 years of age, depending on the stage of the disease, gender and the nature of the settlement of the respondents. Materials and methods. A population-based study “Ural Eye and Medical Study” on the basis of the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases covered 5899 people, of whom 2581 (43.7 %) were men, 3318 (52.3 %) were women. There were 2501 (42.3 %) urban residents, 3398 (59.7 %) rural residents. Statistical data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistic application package.Results. According to the study, diabetes was observed in 687 people, among them – 221 (32.2 %) men, 466 (67.8 %) women; urban residents – 378 (55.0 %) people, rural – 309 (45.0 %) people. The prevalence of diabetes is 11.6 %. Diabetic retinopathy was observed in 102 people (27 men – 26.5 %, and 75 women – 73.5 %), urban residents – 60 (58.8 %), rural – 42 (41.2 %). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the entire study population was 2.1 %, or 14.8 % in the diabetic population. Conclusions. The prevalence of diabetes in the Republic of Bashkortostan according to the results of the Ural Eye and Medical Study was 11.6 % among people over 40 years old. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the general population of the republic was 2.1 %, and in the population with diabetes it was 14.8 %, which is, in general, less than the global average