Fast object detection in compressed JPEG Images

Object detection in still images has drawn a lot of attention over past few years, and with the advent of Deep Learning impressive performances have been achieved with numerous industrial applications. Most of these deep learning models rely on RGB images to localize and identify objects in the image. However in some application scenarii, images are compressed either for storage savings or fast transmission. Therefore a time consuming image decompression step is compulsory in order to apply the aforementioned deep models. To alleviate this drawback, we propose a fast deep architecture for object detection in JPEG images, one of the most widespread compression format. We train a neural network to detect objects based on the blockwise DCT (discrete cosine transform) coefficients {issued from} the JPEG compression algorithm. We modify the well-known Single Shot multibox Detector (SSD) by replacing its first layers with one convolutional layer dedicated to process the DCT inputs. Experimental evaluations on PASCAL VOC and industrial dataset comprising images of road traffic surveillance show that the model is about $2\times$ faster than regular SSD with promising detection performances. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to address detection in compressed JPEG images

A new GFP-tagged line reveals unexpected Otx2 protein localization in retinal photoreceptors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dynamic monitoring of protein expression and localization is fundamental to the understanding of biological processes. The paired-class homeodomain-containing transcription factor Otx2 is essential for normal head and brain development in vertebrates. Recent conditional knockout studies have pointed to multiple roles of this protein during late development and post-natal life. Yet, later expression and functions remain poorly characterized as specific reagents to detect the protein at any stage of development are still missing.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We generated a new mouse line harbouring an insertion of the GFP gene within the Otx2 coding sequence to monitor the gene activity while preserving most of its functions. Our results demonstrate that this line represents a convenient tool to capture the dynamics of <it>Otx2 </it>gene expression from early embryonic stages to adulthood. In addition, we could visualize the intracellular location of Otx2 protein. In the retina, we reinterpret the former view of protein distribution and show a further level of regulation of intranuclear protein localization, which depends on the cell type.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The GFP-tagged <it>Otx2 </it>mouse line fully recapitulates previously known expression patterns and brings additional accuracy and easiness of detection of <it>Otx2 </it>gene activity. This opens up the way to live imaging of a highly dynamic actor of brain development and can be adapted to any mutant background to probe for genetic interaction between <it>Otx2 </it>and the mutated gene.</p

Leveraging mental accounting mechanisms to promote energy conservation

Climate change is threatening the well-being of both humans and nature, and new efficient strategies are needed to engage individuals in quickly adopting a more sustainable lifestyle. The present thesis addresses if Mental Accounting, as a central decision mechanism, can be used for designing behavioral interventions which are based on modifications of the choice architecture (“nudges”). Presenting evidence for such central mechanisms in the context of energy conservation, our findings reveal that individuals ascribe dissimilar environmental behaviors to different mental accounts, and are more likely to spend money labelled in a green context on pro-environmental purchases that is in accordance with the dedicated purpose of its account. We further indicate that mental accounts are dynamic and can be refined by a knowledge intervention which teaches the specific environmental impact of a series of energy-relevant behaviors. These mechanisms could be integrated into intervention strategies to increase energy conservation

Inversion de réseaux de filtres de Fabry-Perot pour la restauration de cubes hyperspectraux

National audienc

Inversion de réseaux de filtres de Fabry-Perot pour la restauration de cubes hyperspectraux

National audienc

Fast object detection in compressed JPEG Images

Object detection in still images has drawn a lot of attention over past few years, and with the advent of Deep Learning impressive performances have been achieved with numerous industrial applications. Most of these deep learning models rely on RGB images to localize and identify objects in the image. However in some application scenarii, images are compressed either for storage savings or fast transmission. Therefore a time consuming image decompression step is compulsory in order to apply the aforementioned deep models. To alleviate this drawback, we propose a fast deep architecture for object detection in JPEG images, one of the most widespread compression format. We train a neural network to detect objects based on the blockwise DCT (discrete cosine transform) coefficients {issued from} the JPEG compression algorithm. We modify the well-known Single Shot multibox Detector (SSD) by replacing its first layers with one convolutional layer dedicated to process the DCT inputs. Experimental evaluations on PASCAL VOC and industrial dataset comprising images of road traffic surveillance show that the model is about $2\times$ faster than regular SSD with promising detection performances. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to address detection in compressed JPEG images

Voyage dans différentes contrées de France et d'Italie, 1755-1756

International audienceIn Enlightenment Europe, the Grand Tour was an essential step in the training of artists and amateurs. Abbé Louis Gougenot’s Voyage d’Italie, undertaken in 1755 with painter Jean-Baptiste Greuze, is a remarkable testimonial from a French traveller in Italy in the mid- eighteenth century. Although his manuscript remained unpublished, it gained great success thanks to astronomer Jérôme de Lalande, who drew on its judgements to write his Voyage d’un Français en Italie, the reference work for anyone travelling to the peninsula until the end of the nineteenth century.Still kept in a private collection and spread over three weighty volumes, Abbé Gougenot’s manuscript comes with drawings by both Greuze and the Abbé. Our critical edition invites readers to follow the author’s peregrinations – from Paris, to his ascent of Mount Vesuvius – and to discover the riches of Italian churches and palaces. Gougenot’s account offers an impressive panorama of the works of art preserved in Italy between 1755 and 1756. While some are still in situ, others are scattered around the world’s leading museums, reflecting the turbulent history of the great Italian collections. The precise description of the French towns our traveller passed through, particularly their churches, is all the more precious given the destruction caused by the Revolution. As an associate member of the prestigious Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, Abbé Gougenot probably intended to use his notes for the publication of a guide, which he was unable to complete before his death in 1767. Written at a pivotal moment in the history of travel to Italy, Gougenot’s text also bears witness to the social nature of such a journey, which provided an opportunity to meet some of the most influential figures on the Italian artistic and political scene. The author also paid close attention to the clothes, particularly those worn by the peasants and bourgeois women drawn by Greuze, which illustrate the manuscript. His insatiable curiosity for the theatre and especially opera also makes his Voyage an admirable counterpart to the Lettres of the Président de Brosses.Dans l'Europe des Lumières, le Grand Tour fait figure d'étape incontournable dans la formation des artistes et des amateurs. Entrepris en 1755 en compagnie du peintre Jean-Baptiste Greuze, le Voyage d'Italie de l'abbé Louis Gougenot constitue un témoignage exceptionnel d'un voyageur français en Italie au milieu du xviii e siècle. Resté inédit, son manuscrit va pourtant connaître un vif succès grâce à l'astronome Jérôme de Lalande qui a puisé dans ses jugements pour écrire son Voyage d'un Français en Italie, la référence pour quiconque se rend dans la péninsule jusqu'à la fin du xix e siècle. Toujours conservé dans une collection privée et courant sur trois épais volumes, le manuscrit de l'abbé Gougenot est accompagné de dessins de Greuze et de l'abbé. Notre édition critique invite le lecteur à suivre les pérégrinations de l'auteur-de Paris à son ascension du Vésuve-et à découvrir les richesses des églises et palais italiens. Le récit de Gougenot offre un formidable panorama des oeuvres d'art conservées en Italie entre 1755 et 1756. Si certaines sont toujours présentes in situ, d'autres sont aujourd'hui dispersées dans les plus grands musées internationaux, reflétant l'histoire mouvementée des grandes collections italiennes. La description précise des villes françaises que traverse notre voyageur, notamment de leurs églises, est rendue encore plus précieuse du fait des destructions engendrées par la Révolution. Membre associé libre de la prestigieuse Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, l'abbé Gougenot destinait vraisemblablement ses notes à la publication d'un guide qu'il n'a pu achever avant sa mort en 1767. Situé à un moment charnière de l'histoire du voyage en Italie, le texte de Gougenot témoigne aussi de la mondanité d'un tel périple, puisqu'il est l'occasion de fréquenter des personnalités parmi les plus influentes de la scène artistique et politique italienne. L'auteur ne manque pas aussi d'être attentif aux vêtements, notamment ceux portés par les paysannes et les bourgeoises dessinées par Greuze, qui scandent le manuscrit. Enfin, son insatiable curiosité pour le théâtre et surtout l'opéra fait de son récit un admirable pendant aux Lettres du Président de Brosses

Voyage dans différentes contrées de France et d'Italie, 1755-1756

International audienceIn Enlightenment Europe, the Grand Tour was an essential step in the training of artists and amateurs. Abbé Louis Gougenot’s Voyage d’Italie, undertaken in 1755 with painter Jean-Baptiste Greuze, is a remarkable testimonial from a French traveller in Italy in the mid- eighteenth century. Although his manuscript remained unpublished, it gained great success thanks to astronomer Jérôme de Lalande, who drew on its judgements to write his Voyage d’un Français en Italie, the reference work for anyone travelling to the peninsula until the end of the nineteenth century.Still kept in a private collection and spread over three weighty volumes, Abbé Gougenot’s manuscript comes with drawings by both Greuze and the Abbé. Our critical edition invites readers to follow the author’s peregrinations – from Paris, to his ascent of Mount Vesuvius – and to discover the riches of Italian churches and palaces. Gougenot’s account offers an impressive panorama of the works of art preserved in Italy between 1755 and 1756. While some are still in situ, others are scattered around the world’s leading museums, reflecting the turbulent history of the great Italian collections. The precise description of the French towns our traveller passed through, particularly their churches, is all the more precious given the destruction caused by the Revolution. As an associate member of the prestigious Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, Abbé Gougenot probably intended to use his notes for the publication of a guide, which he was unable to complete before his death in 1767. Written at a pivotal moment in the history of travel to Italy, Gougenot’s text also bears witness to the social nature of such a journey, which provided an opportunity to meet some of the most influential figures on the Italian artistic and political scene. The author also paid close attention to the clothes, particularly those worn by the peasants and bourgeois women drawn by Greuze, which illustrate the manuscript. His insatiable curiosity for the theatre and especially opera also makes his Voyage an admirable counterpart to the Lettres of the Président de Brosses.Dans l'Europe des Lumières, le Grand Tour fait figure d'étape incontournable dans la formation des artistes et des amateurs. Entrepris en 1755 en compagnie du peintre Jean-Baptiste Greuze, le Voyage d'Italie de l'abbé Louis Gougenot constitue un témoignage exceptionnel d'un voyageur français en Italie au milieu du xviii e siècle. Resté inédit, son manuscrit va pourtant connaître un vif succès grâce à l'astronome Jérôme de Lalande qui a puisé dans ses jugements pour écrire son Voyage d'un Français en Italie, la référence pour quiconque se rend dans la péninsule jusqu'à la fin du xix e siècle. Toujours conservé dans une collection privée et courant sur trois épais volumes, le manuscrit de l'abbé Gougenot est accompagné de dessins de Greuze et de l'abbé. Notre édition critique invite le lecteur à suivre les pérégrinations de l'auteur-de Paris à son ascension du Vésuve-et à découvrir les richesses des églises et palais italiens. Le récit de Gougenot offre un formidable panorama des oeuvres d'art conservées en Italie entre 1755 et 1756. Si certaines sont toujours présentes in situ, d'autres sont aujourd'hui dispersées dans les plus grands musées internationaux, reflétant l'histoire mouvementée des grandes collections italiennes. La description précise des villes françaises que traverse notre voyageur, notamment de leurs églises, est rendue encore plus précieuse du fait des destructions engendrées par la Révolution. Membre associé libre de la prestigieuse Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, l'abbé Gougenot destinait vraisemblablement ses notes à la publication d'un guide qu'il n'a pu achever avant sa mort en 1767. Situé à un moment charnière de l'histoire du voyage en Italie, le texte de Gougenot témoigne aussi de la mondanité d'un tel périple, puisqu'il est l'occasion de fréquenter des personnalités parmi les plus influentes de la scène artistique et politique italienne. L'auteur ne manque pas aussi d'être attentif aux vêtements, notamment ceux portés par les paysannes et les bourgeoises dessinées par Greuze, qui scandent le manuscrit. Enfin, son insatiable curiosité pour le théâtre et surtout l'opéra fait de son récit un admirable pendant aux Lettres du Président de Brosses