A first experimental test of de Broglie-Bohm theory against standard quantum mechanics

De Broglie - Bohm (dBB) theory is a deterministic theory, built for reproducing almost all Quantum Mechanics (QM) predictions, where position plays the role of a hidden variable. It was recently shown that different coincidence patterns are predicted by QM and dBB when a double slit experiment is realised under specific conditions and, therefore, an experiment can test the two theories. In this letter we present the first realisation of such a double slit experiment by using correlated photons produced in type I Parametric Down Conversion. Our results confirm QM contradicting dBB predictions

Campylonema lahorense, a new member of Scytonemaceae

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Separation of variables for a lattice integrable system and the inverse problem

We investigate the relation between the local variables of a discrete integrable lattice system and the corresponding separation variables, derived from the associated spectral curve. In particular, we have shown how the inverse transformation from the separation variables to the discrete lattice variables may be factorised as a sequence of canonical transformations, following the procedure outlined by Kuznetsov.Comment: 14 pages. submitted for publicatio

An example of leaf-enation in Allium ursinum L

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Two-particle interference in standard and Bohmian quantum mechanics

The compatibility of standard and Bohmian quantum mechanics has recently been challenged in the context of two-particle interference, both from a theoretical and an experimental point of view. We analyze different setups proposed and derive corresponding exact forms for Bohmian equations of motion. The equations are then solved numerically, and shown to reproduce standard quantum-mechanical results.Comment: Minor corrections, 2 references added, version to appear in J. Phys.

Response of rice varieties to short-day treatment

Synchronisation of flowering was effected in fifty rice varieties, ranging from early to very late duration, by giving 8 light hours photoperiod to 30 days old seedlings for 20 days. The results showed that the later the type, the greater was its response to photoperiod and regression value of photoperiod response over the normal duration of the varieties was approximately 1.0

An ex vivo model using human osteoarthritic cartilage demonstrates the release of bioactive insulin-like growth factor-1 from a collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold.

Biomimetic scaffolds hold great promise for therapeutic repair of cartilage, but although most scaffolds are tested with cells in vitro, there are very few ex vivo models (EVMs) where adult cartilage and scaffolds are co-cultured to optimize their interaction prior to in vivo studies. This study describes a simple, non-compressive method that is applicable to mammalian or human cartilage and provides a reasonable throughput of samples. Rings of full-depth articular cartilage slices were derived from human donors undergoing knee replacement for osteoarthritis and a 3 mm core of a collagen/glycosaminoglycan biomimetic scaffold (Tigenix, UK) inserted to create the EVM. Adult osteoarthritis chondrocytes were seeded into the scaffold and cultures maintained for up to 30 days. Ex vivo models were stable throughout experiments, and cells remained viable. Chondrocytes seeded into the EVM attached throughout the scaffold and in contact with the cartilage explants. Cell migration and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins in the scaffold was enhanced by growth factors particularly if the scaffold was preloaded with growth factors. This study demonstrates that the EVM represents a suitable model that has potential for testing a range of therapeutic parameters such as numbers/types of cell, growth factors or therapeutic drugs before progressing to costly pre-clinical trials.The authors would like to kindly acknowledge funding from the EPSRC and Tigenix Ltd (LM), Technology Strategy Board and Tigenix Ltd (JW) and the NIHR (DH).This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.3112

Experimental tests of hidden variable theories from dBB to Stochastic Electrodynamics

In this paper we present some of our experimental results on testing hidden variable theories, which range from Bell inequalities measurements to a conclusive test of stochastic electrodynamics

Endotoxin leads to rapid subcellular re-localization of hepatic RXRα: A novel mechanism for reduced hepatic gene expression in inflammation

BACKGROUND: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of animals down-regulates the expression of hepatic genes involved in a broad variety of physiological processes, collectively known as the negative hepatic acute phase response (APR). Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα), the most highly expressed RXR isoform in liver, plays a central role in regulating bile acid, cholesterol, fatty acid, steroid and xenobiotic metabolism and homeostasis. Many of the genes regulated by RXRα are repressed during the negative hepatic APR, although the underlying mechanism is not known. We hypothesized that inflammation-induced alteration of the subcellular location of RXRα was a common mechanism underlying the negative hepatic APR. RESULTS: Nuclear RXRα protein levels were significantly reduced (~50%) within 1–2 hours after low-dose LPS treatment and remained so for at least 16 hours. RXRα was never detected in cytosolic extracts from saline-treated mice, yet was rapidly and profoundly detectable in the cytosol from 1 hour, to at least 4 hours, after LPS administration. These effects were specific, since the subcellular localization of the RXRα partner, the retinoic acid receptor (RARα), was unaffected by LPS. A potential cell-signaling modulator of RXRα activity, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) was maximally activated at 1–2 hours, coincident with maximal levels of cytoplasmic RXRα. RNA levels of RXRα were unchanged, while expression of 6 sentinel hepatic genes regulated by RXRα were all markedly repressed after LPS treatment. This is likely due to reduced nuclear binding activities of regulatory RXRα-containing heterodimer pairs. CONCLUSION: The subcellular localization of native RXRα rapidly changes in response to LPS administration, correlating with induction of cell signaling pathways. This provides a novel and broad-ranging molecular mechanism for the suppression of RXRα-regulated genes in inflammation