Awareness and attitude of parents toward pediatric dental treatment under general anesthesia

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dental treatment under general anesthesia is critical for non-cooperative, low aged, and special needs’ children. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of parents about pediatric dental treatment under general anesthesia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study among 100 parents of children who were referred to Babol School of Dentistry (Roohani Hospital) and Babol clinic Hospital, Iran, in 2012-2013 for dental treatment under general anesthesia. The questionnaire contained questions assessing the reasons for choosing dental treatment under general anesthesia, and the advantages and disadvantages of this method of treatment and parental satisfaction. The form was completed by the parents. Data were reported using descriptive statistics and analyzed by the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: In this study, a questionnaire survey showed that the majority of parents were concerned about the health of their children and despite having some degree of awareness about side effects of general anesthesia and its high cost, they expressed a positive view toward that. A reduction of fear and anxiety and the possibility of performing several treatments in one session are among the benefits of this method. Non-cooperative children of low age with a high number of dental caries are the main recipients of this treatment method. This method was introduced to the majority of parents by the dentist treating their children. CONCLUSION: This study showed parents accepted the costs and risks of this approach to maintain the oral health of their children after it was recommended by the pediatrician. Therefore, with sufficient awareness of society toward this treatment option, we can improve children’s oral health and performance. KEYWORDS: General Anesthesia, Parental Attitudes, Parental Awareness, Pediatric Dental Treatmen

Analysis the exploratory factor of evaluating indicators for the researchers\' scientific outputs

Background and aim: there are different indexes for evaluation of scientific outputs of scholars. This study aimed at evaluating and analyzing 9 cases of these indexes by using actual data and exploratory factor analysis.  Material and methods: 40 citation reports of researchers was extracted from Web of Science (WoS) and entered into the checklist with the scientific age of researchers and the age of cited papers. Some descriptive and analytic statistics especially exploratory factor analysis were used by SPSS version 19.   Findings: Exploratory factor analysis showed 3 factors with especial values and greater than 1 and with explained variance over 96% in 9 indexes. Factors 1, 2 and 3 explained 44.38%, 28.19%, and 23.48% of variance in correlation coefficient matrix, respectively. M index (with coefficient of 90%) in factor 1, a index (with coefficient of 91%) in factor 2, and h and h2 indexes (with coefficients of 93%) in factor 3 had the highest factor loadings. Correlation coefficients and related comparative diagrams indicated that the same h index among 9 indexes has been more accurate and different in recent years.  Conclusions: As the studied supplemental indexes could not satisfied all limits of h index, scientific society needs a new index which accurately evaluates the quality besides the quantity of individual researchers' scientific outputs

Awareness and attitude of parents toward pediatric dental treatment under ‎general anesthesia

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dental treatment under general anesthesia is critical for non-cooperative, low aged, and special needs’ children. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of parents about pediatric dental treatment under general anesthesia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study among 100 parents of children who were referred to Babol School of Dentistry (Roohani Hospital) and Babol clinic Hospital, Iran, in 2012-2013 for dental treatment under general anesthesia. The questionnaire contained questions assessing the reasons for choosing dental treatment under general anesthesia, and the advantages and disadvantages of this method of treatment and parental satisfaction. The form was completed by the parents. Data were reported using descriptive statistics and analyzed by the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: In this study, a questionnaire survey showed that the majority of parents were concerned about the health of their children and despite having some degree of awareness about side effects of general anesthesia and its high cost, they expressed a positive view toward that. A reduction of fear and anxiety and the possibility of performing several treatments in one session are among the benefits of this method. Non-cooperative children of low age with a high number of dental caries are the main recipients of this treatment method. This method was introduced to the majority of parents by the dentist treating their children. CONCLUSION: This study showed parents accepted the costs and risks of this approach to maintain the oral health of their children after it was recommended by the pediatrician. Therefore, with sufficient awareness of society toward this treatment option, we can improve children’s oral health and performance

Comparison of self-esteem and quality of life in 8-12-year-old children with ADHD with and without learning disorders

Abstract Background Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders in school-aged children. Learning disorder (LD) is also one of the most important psychiatric disorders in children, which can often be associated with ADHD. In this study, we sought to compare self-esteem and quality of life in 8 to 12-year-old children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with and without co-occurring learning disorders in order to emphasize the importance of attention and diagnosis in children with ADHD. Method Among the 8- to 12-year-old outpatients referred to the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic of Omid Babol Clinic, 120 children aged 8 to 12 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder whose disease was diagnosed by a child and adolescent psychiatry subspecialist. Among the tools used to collect information was the Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire by Wilcott et al. (CLDQ), five-scale self-esteem test of Pepe et al. (1989) for children and quality-of-life questionnaire for 8–12-year-old children (PedsQL). Results This study investigated self-esteem and quality of life in children with ADHD (n = 120, 51.7% boys). Children with ADHD and learning disabilities reported significantly lower self-esteem and quality of life compared to those with ADHD alone. Conclusion Considering the relatively high probability of co-occurrence of ADHD and learning disorders, if one of them is diagnosed in a child, it is possible to look for other disorders in the child in order to avoid the more severe negative effects that this co-occurrence can have on the child by diagnosing it as soon as possible

Clinical Symptoms and Ultrasound Findings in Patients with Histopathological Diagnosis of Endometrium

Introduction: Ultrasound is performed to check the growth of endometrial cells outside the uterus and the pathology is performed to confirm endometriosis. A combination of diagnostic methods is important for summarizing and starting treatment of endometriosis. The present study was performed with aim to investigate and compare clinical and ultrasound diagnoses in patients with histopathological diagnoses of endometriosis. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 2010-2021 on 140 women aged 18-65 years old suffering from endometriosis referred to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol city. Confirmation of endometriosis was done based on tissue pathology and then comparing clinical history with ultrasound findings. The data collection tools were the patients' files and the researcher made checklist. Collected data included clinical manifestations, presence or absence of pain during menstruation, abdominal pain, pain during intercourse, pelvic pain, abnormal menstrual bleeding, backache, pain during defecation, and dysuria. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) and chi-square and independent t-tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Dysmenorrhea (55.63%), abdominal pain (48.59%), and dyspareunia (31.69%) were the most common clinical symptoms. The state of uterine echogenicity was reported to be homogeneous in 99 patients (69.7%) and heterogeneous in 43 (30.3%). Echogenic status had a significant relationship with abdominal pain (p=0.004) and abnormal menstrual bleeding (p=0.032), adenomyosis with abdominal pain (p=0.004), ovarian adhesion with complaints of pain during intercourse (p=0.002) and status of fallopian tubes with complaints of pain during intercourse (p=0.015) and dysuria (p=0.049). Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain, dyspareunia, abnormal menstrual bleeding, and dysuria had significant difference with ultrasound findings. For definitive diagnosis and appropriate treatment, clinical manifestations, pathology, and ultrasound should be considered and treatment should be carried out based on that

Clients\' satisfaction of library services: A case study in Babol University of Medical Sciences

Background and aim: The satisfaction of users is the dynamic and main purpose of each organization. This study aimed at determining the level of clients' satisfaction of library services in Medical Sciences University of Babol. Material and methods: This analytical and survey study was conducted on 245 users who referred to the libraries of Medical Sciences University of Babol and they were regularly and randomly selected. The data were collected and analyzed by using a researcher-made questionnaire and T-test and ANOVA at a significance level of 0/05, respectively. Findings: The mean of total scores of users' satisfaction of library services was 3/77 ± 0/66 which was significantly higher than average in Medical Sciences University of Babol (Sig<0.05). Amirkola library with an average of 54/0 ± 48/4 and Zahravi library with an average of 54/0 ± 48/4 among 8 libraries had the highest and lowest satisfaction, respectively. The highest (4/35) and lowest (3/10) level of satisfaction belonged to human and library equipment, respectively, too. The results of ANOVA indicated that the average of users' satisfaction had significant difference (Sig<0.05) with each other in different aspects of all studied libraries. Conclusion: The clients' satisfaction of library services in Medical Sciences University of Babol was higher than average in all aspects

مشروع استبيان الذكاء المعنوي وتقييمه على أساس التعاليم القرآنية

سابقه و هدف: هوش معنوی ظرفیتی است که می‌تواند موجب افزایش انطباق‌پذیری فرد در زندگی شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر طراحی پرسش‌نامۀ هوش معنوی مبتنی بر آموزه­های قرآنی و تعیین ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی آن بود. روش کار: این پژوهش از نوع مطالعات آزمون­سازی و همبستگی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس 276 نفر از آنان انتخاب شدند و هم‌زمان پرسش‌نامه­های هوش معنوی مبتنی بر آموزه­های قرآنی، سلامت عمومی، سلامت معنوی و هوش معنوی را تکمیل کردند. بررسی روایی این پرسش‌نامه‌ها از طریق ارزیابی روایی محتوایی، روایی صوری، روایی سازه با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی و روایی و روایی همگرا و روایی هم‌زمان با استفاده از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون صورت گرفت. برای تعیین پایایی پرسش‌نامه نیز از آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی بازآزمایی استفاده شد. در این پژوهش همۀ موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است و مؤلفان مقاله تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که روایی محتوایی و صوری پرسش‌نامۀ هوش معنوی مبتنی بر آموزه­های قرآنی پذیرفتنی است.&nbsp;با استفاده از تحلیل عامل اکتشافی دو عامل پنهان در پرسش‌نامه یافت شد و تحلیل عاملی تأییدی مؤید روایی سازۀ آن بود. همبستگی معنادار بین نمرات این پرسش‌نامه و پرسش‌نامۀ هوش معنوی گویای روایی هم‌زمان و همبستگی معنادار بین دو خرده‌مقیاس و نمرۀ کل پرسش‌نامه گویای روایی همگرای آن بود. آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی بازآزمایی پرسش‌نامه نیز مطلوب بود. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج حاصل از روایی و پایایی پرسش‌نامۀ هوش معنوی مبتنی بر آموزه­های قرآنی می‌توان گفت این پرسش‌نامه ابزاری پایا و روا برای بررسی هوش معنوی بر اساس آموزه­های قرآنی است و قابلیت استفاده در جامعۀ ایرانی دارد. &nbsp; استناد مقاله به این صورت است: Fazeli-Kebria M, Yadollahpour MH, Hassanzadeh R, Yaminfirooz M, Gholinia-Ahangar H. Development and Validation of a Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire Based on Quranic Teaching. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(3):51-67. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i3.30268 &nbsp;Background and Objective: Spiritual intelligence is a capacity that can enhance one's adaptability in life and give one a wider view of life and all the experiences and events enabling one to reframe and reinterpret these experiences and deepen one’s understanding and knowledge of oneself. The purpose of this study was to develop a spiritual intelligence questionnaire based on Quranic teachings and to determine its psychometric properties. Methods: This is a model-testing correlational study. The statistical population consisted of 276 students of Babol University of Medical Sciences, who were selected by convenience sampling method. The validity of this questionnaire was evaluated by content validity, face validity, convergent validity, and concurrent validity. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability were used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. In this study, all ethical considerations have been observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors. Results: The results showed that the content and face validity of the Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire Based on Quranic Teachings was acceptable. Using exploratory factor analysis, two hidden factors were found in the questionnaire and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the structural validity. There was a significant correlation between the scores of this questionnaire and those of the spiritual intelligence questionnaire indicating concurrent validity and a significant correlation between the two subscales and the total score of the convergent narrative questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability were also acceptable. Conclusion: According to the results from the validity and reliability analysis of the Qualitative Intelligence Questionnaire Based on Quranic Teachings, it can be stated that this questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing spiritual intelligence based on the Quranic teachings and can be used in the Iranian society. &nbsp; Please cite this article as: Fazeli-Kebria M, Yadollahpour MH, Hassanzadeh R, Yaminfirooz M, Gholinia-Ahangar H. Development and Validation of a Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire Based on Quranic Teaching. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(3):51-67. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i3.30268خلفية البحث وأهدافه: الذكاء المعنوي هو إمكانية تستطيع أن تؤدي إلى زيادة اندماج الفرد في الحياة، وتمنحه رؤية عامة تجاه الحياة وجميع التجارب والأحداث، وتجعله قادراً على التأطير والتفسير المجدد لتجاربه، وتعميق معرفته وإدراكه. والهدف من الدراسة الفعلية تقديم استبيان للذكاء المعنوي قائم على أساس التعاليم القرآنية وتعيين خصائص التقييم النفسي. منهجية البحث: تعتبر هذه الدراسة من نوع الدراسات الاختبارية والتكافلية. وتشمل مجموعة الاختبار طلبة جامعة بابل للعلوم الطبية، وقد تم اختيار 276 شخصاً منهم بطريقة النمذجة العشوائية. وقد قاموا بتعبئة استبيانات الذكاء المعنوي القائم على أساس التعاليم القرآنية، والصحة العامة، والصحة المعنوية، والذكاء المعنوي. وقد تم دراسة موثوقية هذه الاستبيانات من خلال التقييم الموثوقي المضموني، والموثوقية الصورية، والصلاحية الهيكلية من خلال الاستفادة من التحليل العاملي والموثوقية، والموثوقية التقاربية، والموثوقية المتزامنة، مع الاستعانة بالاختبار التكافلي لبيرسون. كما أنه لتعيين موثوقية الاستبيان أيضاً فقد تمت الاستفادة من آلفاي كرونباخ وموثوقية إعادة الاختبار. وقد تمت مراعاة جميع الضوابط الأخلاقية في هذه الدراسة، ولم يلحظ مؤلفو المقالة أي تعارض للمصالح. المعطیات: تشير النتائج إلى أن الموثوقية المضمونية والصورية لاستبيان الذكاء المعنوي القائم على أساس التعاليم القرآنية تتمتع بالمقبولية. وبالاستفادة من تحليل العامل الاكتشافي فقد تم العثور على عاملين خفيين في الاستبيان. وكان التحليل العاملي تأييداً مؤيداً للصلاحية الهيكلية له. كما أنه كان هناك تضامن ذو معنى بين درجات هذا الاستبيان واستبيان الذكاء المعنوي يحكي موثوقية متزامنة وتضامنية ذات معنى بين تفاصيل المقياس، والدرجة الكلية للاستبيان تحكي الموثوقية المتقاربة له. وكان آلفاي كرونباخ وموثوقية إعادة الاختبار للاستبيان مطلوبة أيضاً. الاستنتاج: بملاحظة النتائج الحاصلة من الصحة والموثوقية لاستبيان الذكاء المعنوي القائم على أساس التعاليم القرآنية فإنه يمكن القول بأن هذا الاستبيان هو أداة موثوقة لدراسة الذكاء المعنوي على أساس التعاليم القرآنية، ويمكن الاستفادة منها في المجتمع الإيراني. &nbsp; يتم استناد المقالة على الترتيب التالي: Fazeli-Kebria M, Yadollahpour MH, Hassanzadeh R, Yaminfirooz M, Gholinia-Ahangar H. Development and Validation of a Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire Based on Quranic Teaching. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(3):51-67. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i3.3026

Effectiveness of computer-based stress inoculation training (SIT) counseling approach on anxiety, depression, and stress of students with premenstrual syndrome

Abstract Background Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a common public health issue affecting many women of reproductive age worldwide. This study has been designed to investigate of computer-based stress inoculation training (SIT) counseling approach on anxiety, depression, and stress of university students with PMS. Methods A randomized trial study with two parallel arms was done from 30 October 2022 to 21 June 2023 on 100 university students aged 18 to 38 at Babol University of Medical Sciences. The participants were randomly divided into two groups intervention and control. The data collection tools included questionnaires on demographic-fertility characteristics, the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) and Riff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (RPWS). The data were assessed using chi-square, t-student, ANOVA repeated measure, and linear regression tests. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered for the analysis. Results The results of the study showed that the SIT interventions decreased the PMS severity and most psychological factors so in the intervention group, SIT was able to significantly reduce anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and Sheehan’s disability after intervention (P < 0.001). Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the most predictors of HADS were the PSS and SDS (β = 0.285, p = 0.009 and β = 0.236, p = 0.024, respectively). Conclusion The computer-based SIT counseling approach could reduce the severity of symptoms and psychological factors in students. Therefore, SIT intervention is recommended to manage their PMS. Trial registration IRCT20230130057274N2

Relationship of Serum Uric Acid Level with Demographic Features, Risk Factors, Severity, Prognosis, Serum Levels of Vitamin D, Calcium, and Magnesium in Stroke

Introduction. Stroke is one of the most common neurological disorders with high mortality rates. A large financial burden is imposed on the families and health systems of countries in addition to the problems related to the disabilities caused by the disease for the patients. Extensive research is being conducted on the disease, including studies seeking possible relationships between some biomarkers such as uric acid and stroke. Methods. This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 stroke patients at Babol Ayatollah Rohani Hospital during 2015-2016. Serum uric acid (SUA) levels were measured and recorded at admission time. Patients’ demographic data as well as the stroke type and some of their risk factors were entered in a checklist. The data were analyzed by SPSS.v.23 using chi-square and logistic regression tests. P<0.05 was considered as significant in all analyses. Results. Of the total 170 included patients, 57% had normal, 25% had low, and the remaining patients (18%) had high SUA levels. There was no significant difference in SUA levels in different types of stroke in both genders. Diabetic ischemic embolic patients had higher levels of SUA than diabetic ischemic thrombotic cases. Patients with low magnesium levels had higher rate of low levels of SUA in ischemic stroke. Conclusion. Serum uric acid levels are not associated with stroke types and gender. Diabetic embolic ischemic stroke cases had high SUA levels than thrombotic types and in ischemic stroke patients with low serum levels of magnesium, SUA levels were also lower