Pap Smear Test Structures for Measuring Health Belief Model and Factors Affecting Women in Urban Centers Covered Zarandieh

Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and although pap smear is considered as an effective screening program, the level of using screening is low. The purpose of this study is pap smear test structures for measuring health belief model and factors affecting women in urban centers covered Zarandieh.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) which included 265 Urban Women's in Zarandieh. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire included demographic variables and knowledge and health belief model questions. Data was analyzed using chi-square tests, Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, at the significance level of p<0.05.Results: Significant differences were detected between those tested and not tested in mean of score knowledge and all the variables HBM (sensitivity, benefits, barriers, threat and intensity perceived), )p<0.001). The HBM constructs, age, level of study and knowledge accounted for 30.8% of the variance observed for Pap test. Perceived susceptibility and benefit were the most important predicting factors.Conclusion: These findings can be used to guide the development of more effective educational programs and increase the amount of women’s participation in Pap smear

Pap Smear Test Structures for Measuring Health Belief Model and Factors Affecting Women in Urban Centers Covered Zarandieh

Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and although pap smear is considered as an effective screening program, the level of using screening is low. The purpose of this study is pap smear test structures for measuring health belief model and factors affecting women in urban centers covered Zarandieh. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) which included 265 Urban Womenchr('39')s in Zarandieh. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire included demographic variables and knowledge and health belief model questions. Data was analyzed using chi-square tests, Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, at the significance level of p<0.05. Results: Significant differences were detected between those tested and not tested in mean of score knowledge and all the variables HBM (sensitivity, benefits, barriers, threat and intensity perceived), )p<0.001). The HBM constructs, age, level of study and knowledge accounted for 30.8% of the variance observed for Pap test. Perceived susceptibility and benefit were the most important predicting factors. Conclusion: These findings can be used to guide the development of more effective educational programs and increase the amount of women’s participation in Pap smear

Measuring Health Belief Model Constructs in Preventive Behavior about Self-Medication in Pregnant Women in Arak City

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, the use of educational models to determine the causes of rejection of health-related behaviors has been on theincrease. Health belief model is one of the models during the past years has been considered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure health belief model constructs in preventive behavior about self-medication in pregnant women in the city of Arak.Methods: Thisanalytical, cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 pregnant women having referred to health centers in Arak city. Data collection was based on the Health Belief Model (susceptibility, severity, perceived benefits and barriers, cues to action) and the checklist of self efficacy and practice mothers about self-medication. Data were collected from organized interviews and finally analyzed using descriptive statistical tests such as Pearson correlation.Results: In this research the mean age of subjects studied was found to be 28.15±4.25 years and the mean duration of pregnancy was 7.2±4.6 weeks. Moreover the findings showed that there was a reverse relationship between self-medication measures by the mothers under study and perceived barriers ،sensitivity, severity, benefits and perceived self efficacy.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, health belief model constructs in pregnant women who practice self-medication have low precision. Therefore, a training program based on health belief model is strongly recommended in order toenhance sensitivity and perceived severity in pregnant women to their health and self-medication and also increase their self efficacy and perceived benefits with a reduction of perceived barriers