Flexible Control in Nanometrology

The unceasing development of new small products has increased constantly by introducing multiple facilities in line production, reduced life cycles of new innovative products, and high-precision techniques that require automation and robotization of the nanotechnology production processes. Classic size products are made in normal series and deal little change over the years, while in the field of nanotechnology, product life cycles were shortened significantly, and series production must adapt to the market challenges. Considering the fast changes and multiple innovations in production, we propose equipment that offers a high degree of flexibility and performance for quality products. To compensate efficiently, the fluctuations may appear in production series; a flexible control system is designed to adjust production for large number of items or for various models of processing. The control equipment dedicated to nanotechnologies developed by INCDMTM Bucharest offers solutions for automation processes adapted to various operations and for quick response occurring in nano-production. A modular special design offers flexibility during the process, handling and interoperable ones, along with the possibility of changes facilitated by software that controls the entire verification process and parameter selection for each checked item’s admissibility

Challenges and conceptual framework to develop heavy-load manipulators for smart factories

Industry 4.0 has been one of the emerging topics in recent years, covering a wide range of concepts and applications as well as political, economic and technological views. Manufacturing is becoming smarter and smarter at all levels, moving toward the concept of Smart Factory (SF), based on the advancements of digital transformation technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and bigdata analytics, and abilities to learn, configure and execute with cognitive intelligence of smart machines and automation systems. However, the SF adoption in practice, especially in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), is still in the early stage. In addition, there are growing demands of product personalisation, mass-customisation and diversification. Therefore, the involvement of humans is still importantly required in many production processes in SF models, where smart machines, smart manipulators, collaborative robots and Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are required to co-work with humans, leading to an important concern of safety, reliability, productivity and quality of smart manufacturing systems. In this paper, challenges and a proposed conceptual framework to develop smart heavy-load manipulators are presented, with the focus on the cost-effectiveness and applicability in industrial practices of SF for SMEs

A Deep Look at Metal Additive Manufacturing Recycling and Use Tools for Sustainability Performance

The present study refers to 3D metal additive manufacturing (MAM) from an interdisciplinary perspective, providing an overview on sustainability, basic principles, and a conceptual framework on environmental performance, implicit constraints regarding materials, recycling and use/reuse tools for extended life cycle, regarded as the trendiest manufacturing processes in terms of material consumptions efficacy and energy efficiency. The demand for integrating MAM technology as a means to boosting sustainability in industry is based on its capacity to use smart or custom-designed materials to generate special geometries, unobtainable otherwise, allowing for further part optimisation or redesign. The outlined advantages and challenges of the new MAM processes and advanced technologies for functional objects and durable products underline the high interest in this area. Results from the literature and our MAM research interest indicate that some metal powder (MP) recycling and use/reuse technologies could be developed to save MP, as could MAM applications in component redesign and repairs to increase sustainability. The achievement has a high degree of generality and serves as a basis for future MAM sustainable methods

Three-dimensional measurement with laser

This paper presents some laser measurement methods and equipment and also proposes complex equipment for a rapid recognizing of the small part types

Finite Element Analysis of Different Osseocartilaginous Reconstruction Techniques in Animal Model Knees

Lesions of the articular cartilage are frequent in all age populations and lead to functional impairment. Multiple surgical techniques have failed to provide an effective method for cartilage repair. The aim of our research was to evaluate the effect of two different compression forces on three types of cartilage repair using finite element analysis (FEA). Initially, an in vivo study was performed on sheep. The in vivo study was prepared as following: Case 0—control group, without cartilage lesion; Case 1—cartilage lesion treated with macro-porous collagen implants; Case 2—cartilage lesion treated with collagen implants impregnated with bone marrow concentrate (BMC); Case 3—cartilage lesion treated with collagen implants impregnated with adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). Using the computed tomography (CT) data, virtual femur-cartilage-tibia joints were created for each Case. The study showed better results in bone changes when using porous collagen implants impregnated with BMC or ASC stem cells for the treatment of osseocartilaginous defects compared with untreated macro-porous implant. After 7 months postoperative, the presence of un-resorbed collagen influences the von Mises stress distribution, total deformation, and displacement on the Z axis. The BMC treatment was superior to ASC cells in bone tissue morphology, resembling the biomechanics of the control group in all FEA simulations

Nanotechnological production flows The Romanian Review Precision Mechanics

Abstract -Nanotechnology is not an industry, is also not a single technology or a single area of research. What we call nanotechnology consists of sets of permissible technologies applicable in many traditional industries (that is why it should be more correct to speak of nanotechnologies in the plural). They say about nanotechnology, being described as a "platform technology" -these are technologies that are so generalized that they serve as much to build upon for other technologies as foundations for many and various applications; they are also considered essential for progress in multiple areas. Computer operating systems are a good example of a platform technology. Rather than having to deal directly with the hardware side of a computer, programmers work with a concentrated form that underlies (operating systems) to build different applications from games to software for nuclear power plant control software. The work presents a nanotechnological process starting with obtaining the support and finishing with the naotechnological device