22 research outputs found
Heimat or Hjemland: National Consciousness, Self-Determination, and the First World War in Schleswig-Holstein, 1864-1920
As the First World War ended, the German-Danish borderland of Schleswig-Holstein was in turmoil as activists across the cultural and political spectrum presented competing incompatible visions of Schleswig-Holstein’s future. These activists reflected the global moment of the post-war era, where countless communities in Europe’s borderlands had to grapple with the language of the liberal democrat U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. This dissertation examines Schleswig-Holstein from when the German Empire annexed the region in 1864 until the 1920 Schleswig Plebiscite (plebiscite) that returned part of the area to Denmark. Scholars view the plebiscite as a natural conclusion to the Schleswig Question, as inhabitants voted on a border that mirrored the distribution of language spoken. However, many scholars neglected the role of national indifference (local inhabitants rejecting national association) and Wilsonianism, the ideas associated with Woodrow Wilson, including self-determination and popular sovereignty, in the plebiscite\u27s outcome.
Analysis of this region from a transnational and transatlantic perspective remedies this neglect. It uses newspapers, civic association and government records, and diaries and correspondence from German, Danish, and American archives to provide a complete picture of Schleswig-Holstein under the German Empire. Research into the diffusion of Wilsonian rhetoric into the Schleswigian community and the crucial role of the diaspora communities in the U.S. provides an improved picture of the Danish-German conflict. The revolutionary introduction of Wilsonian ideas in 1920 jolted many Schleswigers out of their preferred spectrum of national belonging as they tried to blend pre-war identities with the post-plebiscite Danish or German national tribe. In examining the long-nineteenth century through the lens of this German-Danish borderland, this work advances our comprehension of the complexities, especially concerning the sense of regional belonging involved in constructing German and Danish identity and the relationship between conflict and community formation
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A Process for Measuring the Quality of Cancer Care: The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative
Purpose The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) is a practice-based system of quality self-assessment sponsored by the participants and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). The process of quality evaluation, development of the pilot questionnaire, and preliminary results are reported. Methods Physicians from seven oncology groups developed medical record abstraction measures based on practice guidelines and consensus-supported indicators of quality care. Each practice completed two rounds of records review and received practice and aggregate results. Mean frequencies of responses for each indicator were compared among practices. Results Participants universally, if informally, find QOPI helpful, and results show statistically significant variation among practices for several indicators, including assessing pain in patients close to death, documentation of informed consent for chemotherapy, and concordance with granulocytic and erythroid growth factor administration guidelines. Measures with universally high concordance include the use of serotonin antagonist antiemetics according to the ASCO guideline; the presence of a pathology report in the record; the use of chemotherapy flow sheets; and adherence to standard chemotherapy recommendations for patients with certain stages of breast, colon, and rectal cancer. Concordance with quality indicators significantly changed between survey rounds for several measures. Conclusion Pilot results indicate that the QOPI process provides a rapid and objective measurement of practice quality that allows comparisons among practices and over time. It also provides a mechanism for measuring concordance with published guidelines. Most importantly, it provides a tool for practice self-examination that can promote excellence in cancer care