The principles and practice of blood grouping. Second edition. By A.G. Erskin and W.W. Socha. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co., 1978, 424 pp, $16.95

No Abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/38231/1/1320020412_ftp.pd

The immunoglobulin allotypes (Gm and Km) of twelve Indian Tribes of Central and South America

The Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes are presented, for the first time, for six South American Indian tribes (Baniwa, Kanamari, Kraho, Makiritare, Panoa, and Ticuna) and one Central American tribe (Guaymi). Additional allotype information is presented for five previously reported South American tribes (Cayapo, Piaroa, Trio, Xavante and Yanomama). The distributions of the Gm and Km allotypes among all the tribal populations tested to date are reviewed and evidence is presented for the presence of a north (high) -south (low) cline in Km frequency. The wave theory of the populating of the South American continent was tested by an examination of the distribution of six alleles ( Gm ax;g , Gm a;b0,3,t , Di a , R z , TF D Chi, and 6PGD C ), absent in some populations but with polymorphic proportions in others. The present, limited, data failed to confirm the theory.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37585/1/1330490302_ftp.pd

Inherited pericentric inversion of chromosome number two: A linkage study *

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66205/1/j.1469-1809.1969.tb01629.x.pd

A pilot study of the use of placental cord blood samples in monitoring for mutational events

A pilot study exploring the examination of placental cord blood samples for mutant proteins with one-dimensional electrophoretic techniques is described. Although technical advances are such that the techniques employed in this study are now partially superceded, the practical problems encountered in this study would be typical of any monitoring program of this type. No mutations altering electrophoretic mobility among a battery of 51 different locus products were encountered in a total of 277 747 locus tests. When these data are combined with similar data from other studies, the mutation rate for electromorphs becomes 0.34 x 10-5/locus/generation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/27388/1/0000419.pd

Genetic studies of the Macushi and Wapishana Indians

Blood samples from 509 Macushi (3 villages) and 623 Wapishana (11 villages) of Northern Brasil and Southern Guyana have been analyzed with respect to the phenotype and gene frequencies at the following 12 polymorphic loci: AB0, Kell-Cellano, MNSs, Rh, P, Duffy, Kidd, Diego, Lewis, Group-specific component, and the immunoglobulin allotypes of the Gm and Inv systems. The data suggest that 5–6% of the Wapishana gene pool is derived from non-Indians but only 1–2% of the Macushi. Inter- and intratribal genetic distances between villages are calculated for these data in an effort to understand gene flow between the tribes and to account for the unusual distribution of a newly-discovered genetic polymorphism of erythrocyte esterase A thus far limited to these 2 tribes (Neel et al., 1977). The data are puzzling and consistent with the possibility that both the Craib-speaking Macushi and the Arawak-speaking Wapishana have derived the esterase A allele in question from some third group now extinct or thus far undiscovered. Intertribal genetic distances based on gene frequencies at 6 loci are derived for 20 Amerindian tribes (including these 2); the “central” position of these 2 tribes can in part be explained by the active migration matrix connecting them.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47606/1/439_2004_Article_BF00393584.pd

Genetic characterization of Gainj- and Kalam-Speaking peoples of Papua New Guinea

The research presented focuses on genetic variation in the Gainj- and Kalam-speaking peoples of highland Papua New Guinea. The primary data are typings at 51 genetic loci observed on 600 individuals who reside in 21 census units, called parishes. These data are augmented by cultural and demographic information that has also been collected. Parish sizes are small, ranging from 20 to about 200 individuals. Direct Western contact with these people has been occuring only for the past three decades. Although Westernization is currently increasing, we find that much of the traditional settlement pattern and mate exchange system is preserved. There are segregating variants at 27 loci. Four rare variants are initially described: NP 4-Kalam, ADA 6-Kalam, PEPA 3-Kalam, and FUM 2-Kalam. We find evidence for a new Gm haplotype, a; —, that is recessive to all other Gm haplotypes. It occurs at a high enough frequency, f(a;—) = 0.119, to be considered a “private polymorphism.” Average per locus heterozygosity is estimated to be 0.053. This value is not statistically different from levels observed on two modern urban populations. Thus, there is no evidence for a reduced level of genetic variation in these people, despite small parish sizes and a relatively unacculturated social structure.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37632/1/1330700113_ftp.pd

Inheritance of quantitative expression of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the Negro—a twin study

Studies have been conducted on eight sets of monozygous and nine sets of dizygous female Negro twins, both members of whom were heterozygous for G-6-PD deficiency. Twins were studied both by assay of erythrocytic G-6-PD activity and by the methemoglobin elution test (MET). The MET is a procedure which identifies histochemically cells with appreciable G-6-PD activity and permits accurate determination of the percentage of such cells in heterozygotes. Monozygous twins showed significantly less “within-pair” variation than dizygous twins with both the MET and G-6-PD assay.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44115/1/10528_2004_Article_BF00487735.pd

The Diego factor among Asiatic Indians, Apaches and West African Negroes: Blood types of Asiatic Indians and Apaches This investigation was supported in part by a grant from the United States Atomic Energy Commission (project AT(11-1)—405).

No Abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37466/1/1330170305_ftp.pd

Immunogenetic studies of the pigeon Columba livia

Reagents made from rabbit anti-pigeon red blood cell sera detected differences in erythrocyte antigens among individual pigeons. The differences detected by several of the reagents are inherited in a regular Mendelian manner, the positive reaction always dominant to absence of a reaction. A graded series of reactivities in pigeon red blood cells was observed in the use of rabbit Reagent A. All the cells tested were found capable of absorbing all agglutinins from this reagent. Positive cells differing in intensity of reaction all absorbed activity at the same rate, indicating that the differences between them are quantitative rather than qualitative in nature. These quantitative differences are inherited in a reasonably straightforward manner. Rabbit Reagent E was shown to be composed of several qualitatively distinct fractions. Three subtypes were detected by the use of several E sub-reagents. Six isoimmune sera were produced, two of which (RC and H) were analyzed in detail. Each serum was shown to be complex, but the different antigens detected by each were probably related. Matings of positives x negatives which had positive and negative offspring produced them in approximately equal numbers. The E subtypes and the antigens recognized by the isoimmune sera were seen to be closely related in some as yet unexplained manner. The possibilities that these relationships consisted of linkage or allelism of the causative genes are discussed. Positivity to Reagent A was found in 14-day pigeon embryos. Antigen C was detected on the cells of some newly-hatched squabs, but the antigens recognized by Reagents E and H were first detected on the cells of 7-day-old squabs. Cells of positive squabs reached maximum intensities of reaction to all the reagents in one to three weeks after hatching