Methods to assess lactic acid bacteria diversity and compatibility in food

Food microflora is a complex and mutable ecosystem where the effects of microbial culture addition are still not entirely foreseeable due to microbial diversity. Starter, probiotic, and adjunct microorganisms are widely selected and used in food to improve quality and safety; they may be formulated as monostrain or multistrain cultures. Lactic acid bacteria are included among the main groups deemed useful for these aims. Compatibility tests can constitute an effective way to assess interactions among lactic acid bacteria. Food microflora composition is generally examined using both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. The existing limits of each method can be overcome by combining them, so that they give more information on microbial complexity. Since mixed cultures of starter, probiotic, or adjunct lactic acid bacteria provide more beneficial effects than single cultures, future research should be guided by compatibility tests to show the most suitable and beneficial mixed cultures

Ácaros parasitando zánganos en áreas de apareamiento de abejas

La apicultura mundial se enfrenta a graves problemas sanitarios, provocados por la presencia de patógenos. En Argentina tenemos al ácaro ectoparásito Varroa sp. que afecta a Apis mellifera L. generando diversos problemas de salud. Las Áreas de Congregación de Zánganos (ACZ) son sitios donde se aparean los machos (zánganos) y reinas vírgenes. Estas áreas se repiten año tras año y monitorearlas, permiten saber el estado de infestación de las abejas en un radio de hasta cinco kilómetros. Cerca a nuestro apiario experimental ubicado en Escuela de Agricultura y Sacarotecnia ubicada en Horco Molle, encontramos tres ACZ. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la carga de ácaros durante tres años consecutivos en el apiario y las tres áreas. Para el grado de infestación de Varroa se tomaron muestras de abejas de ⅓ de las colmenas del apiario y los zánganos atrapados en las ACZ. Se recolectaron aprox. 300 obreras/zánganos, siguiendo el método de lavado con alcohol al 70%.%. Nuestros resultados nos muestran que las ACZ1 y Apiario presentan mayor infestación de ácaros en el año 2019 muestreado. El grado de infestación entre años puede deberse a que la ACZ1 se reúnen zánganos de diferentes apiarios y colmenas silvestres que pudieran estar infestadas, próximos análisis de los datos podrán confirmar si la distancia influye en la infestación.Fil: Escalante, Karen Mayra Dayana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Geria, M.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Quintana, María Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaria de Gobierno de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical - Sede Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Galindo Cardona, Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaXXIX Reunión Argentina de EcologíaSan Miguel de TucumánArgentinaAsociación Argentina de Ecologí

Status of QUBIC, the Q&U Bolometer for Cosmology

The Q&U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QUBIC) is a novel kind of polarimeter optimized for the measurement of the B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Back-ground (CMB), which is one of the major challenges of observational cosmology. The signal is expected to be of the order of a few tens of nK, prone to instrumental systematic effects and polluted by various astrophysical foregrounds which can only be controlled through multichroic observations. QUBIC is designed to address these observational issues with a novel approach that combines the advantages of interferometry in terms of control of instrumental systematics with those of bolometric detectors in terms of wide-band, background-limited sensitivity.Comment: Contribution to the 2022 Cosmology session of the 33rd Rencontres de Blois. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2203.0894

Measuring the CMB primordial B-modes with Bolometric Interferometry

The Q&U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology (QL’BIC) is the first bolometric interferometer designed to measure the primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Bolometric interferometry is a novel technique that combines the sensitivity of bolometric detectors with the control of systematic effects that is typical of interferometry, both key features in the quest for the faint signal of the primordial B-modes. A unique feature is the so-called “spectral imaging”, i.e., the ability to recover the sky signal in several sub-bands within the physical band during data analysis. This feature provides an in-band spectral resolution of ∆v/v ~ 0.04 that is unattainable by a traditional imager. This is a key tool for controlling the Galactic foregrounds contamination. In this paper, we describe the principles of bolometric interferometry, the current status of the QU BIC experiment and future prospects

Lambanapu perjalanan perkampungan tua leluhur austronesia

xii, 191 hlm, 2,6 c

Lambanapu perjalanan perkampungan tua leluhur austronesia

xii, 191 hlm, 2,6 c

Antagonistic activity of dairy lactobacilli against gram-foodborne pathogens

Thirty-five strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from artisanal raw milk cheese, presumptively identified and tested against one dairy Escherichia coli strain. Six lactobacilli, exhibiting antagonistic activity, were identified at the species level and their action was evaluated against four strains of Gram-foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli O26, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. 1023, and Salmonella Typhimurium) and the control strain Escherichia coli ATCC 45922. The antagonistic activity was determined by spot method and the inhibition zones were measured by Autodesk AutoCAD 2007. Three strains, all Lactobacillus paracasei, were active against all the pathogens; the other strains, all Lactobacillus plantarum, showed antagonistic activity against some pathogens. This study highlights the intense and different antagonistic activity induced by lactobacilli against various foodborne pathogens thus demonstrating that using selected lactic acid bacteria strains as adjunct cultures could be an effective strategy to prevent the development of foodborne pathogens in artisanal raw milk cheeses, and thus improving their safety