6 research outputs found
Human Health Risks of Conducted Electrical Weapon Exposure:A Systematic Review
Importance: Conducted electrical weapons (CEWs) are used broadly as a less-lethal force option for police officers. However, there is no clear picture of the possible health risks in humans on the basis of rigorously assessed scientific evidence from the international peer-reviewed literature. Objective: To synthesize and systematically evaluate the strength of published evidence for an association between exposure to different models of CEWs and adverse acute as well as chronic conditions. Evidence Review: Following a preregistered review protocol, the literature search strategy was based on a search of reviews published between January 1, 2000, and April 24, 2020, of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library, as well as relevant online databases and bibliographic sources, such as reference sections of recent publications. The identified studies were independently assessed in terms of scope, relevance, methodologic bias, and quality. Peer-reviewed publications of human studies were included, using original data and with a focus on the use of taser CEWs in the context of law enforcement. Eligible studies examined clearly defined health outcomes as dependent variables following exposure to a CEW. The review followed the relevant sections of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline. A meta-analysis could not be conducted. Findings: Of the 1081 unique records screened, 33 relevant studies were identified, all of them of experimental design and conducted in the US. Eleven studies had a low risk of bias and 22 had a higher bias risk. Studies focused on outcomes such as physiologic stress responses, heart rate, blood pressure, arrhythmias, or cognitive performance. Independently of bias risk, the studies reported few or no acute health problems, apart from the wounds caused by the darts. Furthermore, no long-term outcomes were studied. Most of the studies were performed on healthy, physically fit individuals (eg, police officers) in a controlled setting, with short exposure duration (5 seconds). Half of the studies, mainly those with a higher risk of bias, were at least partly funded by the manufacturer. Conclusions and Relevance: Based on the findings of the reviewed studies, the risk for adverse health outcomes due to CEW exposure can be currently estimated as low. However, most of the reviewed studies had methodologic limitations. Considering that recruited participants were not representative of the population that usually encounters a CEW deployment, it is not possible to draw conclusions regarding exposure outcomes in potentially vulnerable populations or high-risk groups, such as those under the influence of substances
Gezondheidsverkenning gaswinningsproblematiek Groningen: 2010-2018:Een analyse van mentale gezondheidsproblemen zoals geregistreerd door de huisarts en suïcidedata van het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek.
Gezondheidsverkenning gaswinningsproblematiek Groningen: 2010-2018:Een analyse van mentale gezondheidsproblemen zoals geregistreerd door de huisarts en suïcidedata van het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek.
De gaswinningsproblematiek heeft grote gevolgen voor de ervaren veiligheid, de leefbaarheid en de gezondheid van de mensen die in het gebied wonen. Sinds 2016 wordt onderzoek gedaan om deze gevolgen te volgen en beter te begrijpen. Deze rapportage blikt vooral terug en vergelijkt Groningen met omliggende provincies. Het doel van de huidige gezondheidsverkenning is om meer inzicht te krijgen in de ontwikkeling van mentale en sociale problemen in de periode 2010-2018 op basis van gegevens uit bestaande registraties van gezondheidsklachten door huisartsen. In de analyses worden allerlei factoren meegenomen die een rol zouden kunnen spelen bij de ontwikkeling van deze problemen, waaronder bodembeweging en gemelde schade in de omgeving
De psychosociale impact van de gaswinningsproblematiek op bewoners in 2021 en 2022:Eindrapport Gronings Perspectief fase 3
De psychosociale impact van de gaswinningsproblematiek op bewoners in 2021 en 2022:Eindrapport Gronings Perspectief fase 3
Dit rapport beschrijft de resultaten van de derde fase van Gronings Perspectief, een onafhankelijk onderzoeksteam dat sinds 2016 metingen uitvoert om te volgen wat de gaswinningsproblematiek doet met de bewoners van de provincie Groningen. In dit rapport staan de jaren 2021 en 2022 centraal, met vijftig interviews met bewoners in 2021 en 2022 die inzicht geven in de impact en gevolgen van de versterkingsoperatie zoals zij die ervaren, hun zorgen en hoe zij tegen probleemoorzaken en oplossingen aankijken