Replik auf Hartmut Lang und Astrid Wonneberger

Grobunrichtig bespricht der Nachtrag (2019) meine Mythenanalyse als Bibelexegese. Die Rezension (2017) referiert etliche Passagen falsch und konzipiert ‚Verwandtschaft‘ nach europäischem Verständnis. Sie vermisst Verhaltensweisen und Vorstellungen konkreter Individuen, denn das besprochene Buch behandelt fremde Konstrukte und Werte gesellschaftlicher Beziehungen. Es verwendet, wie im Fach weitverbreitet, ‚Verwandtschaft‘ als odd job word

Зарубежный и отечественный опыт допустимых значений индивидуального пожарного риска

Пожары всегда наносят ущерб, и часто этот ущерб не восполним, потому что уносит человеческие жизни. Проанализировав различные информационные ресурсы, установлено, что индивидуальный пожарный риск в России целесообразно принять на уровне не ниже 12•10{-6}/чел. год. На основании расчётов выявлено, что в похожих по климату на Россию развитых странах индивидуальный пожарный риск допустим и приемлем на этом уровне.Fires always cause damage, and often this damage is not replenished, because it takesaway human lives. Analyzing various information resources, it is established that the individual fire risk inRussia should be taken at a level no lower than 12•10{-6}/ person. year. Based on the calculations, it wasrevealed that in individual countries similar in climate to Russia, the individual fire risk is acceptable andacceptable at this level

Повышение энергетической эффективности автономных фотоэлектрических станций

Объектом исследования является загородный дом, удаленный от централизованного электроснабжения. Выполнены математическая и компьютерная модели автономной фотоэлектрической станции. Так как существует множество различных видов контроллеров, возникает проблема выбора наиболее оптимального для заданных условий. Поэтому в данной работе выполнена разработка методики отбора контроллеров поиска точки максимальной мощности, с целью повышения энергетической эффективности ФЭС. Актуальность заключается в эффективном использовании потенциала солнечной энергетики ввиду ее развития. Также независимость и выгодность относительно централизованного электроснабжения.The object of the research is a country house, remoted from a centralized power supply. There are many different types of controllers, and all have disadvantages and advantages. Therefore, in this research, was developed methods for maximum power point tracking controllers, in order to increase the energy efficiency of the photovoltaic station. The relevance lies in the effective use of solar energy. Also independence and profitability in comparison with centralized electricity supply

Myocardium at Risk in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Comparison of T2-Weighted Edema Imaging With the MR-Assessed Endocardial Surface Area and Validation Against Angiographic Scoring

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess the area at risk (AAR) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with 2 different cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging methods and to compare them with the validated angiographic Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease Score (APPROACH-score) in a large consecutive patient cohort.BackgroundEdema imaging with T2-weighted CMR and the endocardial surface area (ESA) assessed by late gadolinium enhancement have been introduced as relatively new methods for AAR assessment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. However, data on the utility and validation of these techniques are limited.MethodsA total of 197 patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were included. AAR (assessed with T2-weighted edema imaging and the ESA method), infarct size, and myocardial salvage (AAR minus infarct size) were determined by CMR 2 to 4 days after primary angioplasty. Angiographic AAR scoring was performed by use of the APPROACH-score. All measurements were done offline by blinded observers.ResultsThe AAR assessed by T2-weighted imaging showed good correlation with the angiographic AAR (r = 0.87; p < 0.001), whereas the ESA showed only a moderate correlation either to T2-weighted imaging (r = 0.56; p < 0.001) or the APPROACH-score (r = 0.44; p < 0.001). Mean AAR by ESA (20.0 ± 11.7% of left ventricular mass) was significantly (p < 0.001) smaller than the AAR assessed by T2-weighted imaging (35.6 ± 10.9% of left ventricular mass) or the APPROACH-score (27.9 ± 10.5% of left ventricular mass) and showed a significant negative dependence on myocardial salvage index. In contrast, no dependence of T2-weighted edema imaging or the APPROACH-score on myocardial salvage index was seen.ConclusionsThe AAR can be reliably assessed by T2-weighted CMR, whereas assessment of the AAR by ESA seems to be dependent on the degree of myocardial salvage, thereby underestimating the AAR in patients with high myocardial salvage such as aborted infarction. Thus, assessment of the AAR with the ESA method cannot be recommended. (Myocardial Salvage and Contrast Dye Induced Nephropathy Reduction by N-Acetylcystein [LIPSIA-N-ACC]; NCT00463749

Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus microRNAs Target Caspase 3 and Regulate Apoptosis

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes a cluster of twelve micro (mi)RNAs, which are abundantly expressed during both latent and lytic infection. Previous studies reported that KSHV is able to inhibit apoptosis during latent infection; we thus tested the involvement of viral miRNAs in this process. We found that both HEK293 epithelial cells and DG75 cells stably expressing KSHV miRNAs were protected from apoptosis. Potential cellular targets that were significantly down-regulated upon KSHV miRNAs expression were identified by microarray profiling. Among them, we validated by luciferase reporter assays, quantitative PCR and western blotting caspase 3 (Casp3), a critical factor for the control of apoptosis. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we found that three KSHV miRNAs, miR-K12-1, 3 and 4-3p, were responsible for the targeting of Casp3. Specific inhibition of these miRNAs in KSHV-infected cells resulted in increased expression levels of endogenous Casp3 and enhanced apoptosis. Altogether, our results suggest that KSHV miRNAs directly participate in the previously reported inhibition of apoptosis by the virus, and are thus likely to play a role in KSHV-induced oncogenesis