2,361 research outputs found
No evidence for an early seventeenth-century Indian sighting of Keplers supernova (SN1604)
In a recent paper Sule et al. (Astronomical Notes, vol. 332 (2011), 655)
argued that an early 17th-century Indian mural of the constellation Sagittarius
with a dragon-headed tail indicated that the bright supernova of 1604 was also
sighted by Indian astronomers. In this paper it will be shown that this
identification is based on a misunderstanding of traditional Islamic
astrological iconography and that the claim that the mural represents an early
17th-century Indian sighting of the supernova of 1604 has to be rejected.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Astronomical Notes, vol. 334, issue
5 (2013), DOI number 1172
Three editions of the Star Catalogue of Tycho Brahe
Tycho Brahe completed his catalogue with the positions and magnitudes of 1004
fixed stars in 1598. This catalogue circulated in manuscript form. Brahe edited
a shorter version with 777 stars, printed in 1602, and Kepler edited the full
catalogue of 1004 stars, printed in 1627. We provide machine-readable versions
of the three versions of the catalogue, describe the differences between them
and briefly discuss their accuracy on the basis of comparison with modern data
from the Hipparcos Catalogue. We also compare our results with earlier analyses
by Dreyer (1916) and Rawlins (1993), finding good overall agreement. The
magnitudes given by Brahe correlate well with modern values, his longitudes and
latitudes have error distributions with widths of about 2 arcmin, with excess
numbers of stars with larger errors (as compared to Gaussian distributions), in
particular for the faintest stars. Errors in positions larger than 10 arcmin,
which comprise about 15 per cent of the entries, are likely due to computing or
copying errors.Comment: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics; 24 pages; 63 figures; 3
machine readable tables made available at CD
The Star Catalogue of Hevelius
The catalogue by Johannes Hevelius with the positions and magnitudes of 1564
entries was published by his wife Elisabeth Koopman in 1690. We provide a
machine-readable version of the catalogue, and briefly discuss its accuracy on
the basis of comparison with data from the modern Hipparcos Catalogue. We
compare our results with an earlier analysis by Rybka (1984), finding good
overall agreement. The magnitudes given by Hevelius correlate well with modern
values. The accuracy of his position measurements is similar to that of Brahe,
with sigma=2 arcmin for with more errors larger than 5 arcmin than expected for
a Gaussian distribution. The position accuracy decreases slowly with magnitude.
The fraction of stars with position errors larger than a degree is 1.5 per
cent, rather smaller than the fraction of 5 per cent in the star catalogue of
Brahe.Comment: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics; 23 pages; 62 figures; 1 table
made accessible via CD
Early star catalogues of the southern sky: De Houtman, Kepler (Second and Third Classes), and Halley
De Houtman in 1603, Kepler in 1627 and Halley in 1679 published the earliest
modern catalogues of the southern sky. We provide machine-readable versions of
these catalogues, make some comparisons between them, and briefly discuss their
accuracy on the basis of comparison with data from the modern Hipparcos
Catalogue. We also compare our results for De Houtman with those by Knobel
(1917) finding good overall agreement. About half of the about 200 new stars
(with respect to Ptolemaios) added by De Houtman are in twelve new
constellations, half in old constellations like Centaurus, Lupus and Argo. The
right ascensions and declinations given by De Houtman have error distributions
with widths of about 40 arcmin, the longitudes and latitudes given by Kepler
have error distributions with widths of about 45 arcmin. Halley improves on
this by more than an order of magnitude to widths of about 3 arcmin, and all
entries in his catalogue can be identified. The measurement errors of Halley
are due to a systematic deviation of his sextant (increasing with angle to 2
arcmin at 60 degrees) and random errors of 0.7 arcmin. The position errors in
the catalogue of Halley are dominated by the position errors in the reference
stars, which he took from Brahe.Comment: 26 pages, 58 figures. Tables will become available at CDS once the
article appears in Astronomy and Astrophysic
Number Partitioning on a Quantum Computer
We present an algorithm to compute the number of solutions of the
(constrained) number partitioning problem. A concrete implementation of the
algorithm on an Ising-type quantum computer is given.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, see also
http://rugth30.phys.rug.nl/compphys/qce.ht
Surface plasmon resonance immunosensors: sensitivity considerations
Some aspects of improving surface plasmon resonance response in immunosensing applications are considered. Both from calculations and experiments, it was found that maximum sensitivity is obtained for a silver layer about 55 nm thick in direct contact with the species to be quantified. Application of an intermediate layer with high permittivity can be useful in suppressing background responses. Experimentally, a protein surface-coverage fraction of ca. 0.1 could be measured, corresponding to ca. 10â10 mol1â1 antibody
Sputum Induction in Children Is Feasible and Useful in a Bustling General Hospital Practice
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The Jeroen Bosch Hospital funded this study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Complications in subfascial endoscopic perforating vein surgery: A report of two cases
AbstractSubfascial endoscopic perforating vein surgery is a safe method for the division of incompetent perforating veins. Nevertheless, we report two cases with unfortunate complications: the posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve were damaged during the procedures. In one patient this resulted in a reintervention, but in both patients it resulted in permanent discomfort. We then present a guideline that may prevent damage to these critical structures. (J Vasc Surg 2001;33:1108-10.
Child protection outcomes of the Australian Nurse Family Partnership Program for Aboriginal infants and their mothers in Central Australia
© 2018 Segal et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background The Nurse Family Partnership Program developed in the USA, designed to improve mother and infant/child outcomes, has reported lower rates of child protection system involvement. The study tested the hypothesis that an adapted Nurse Family Partnership Program implemented in an Aboriginal community in Central Australia (the FPP) would improve Child Protection outcomes. Methods This was a retrospective and prospective cohort study drawing on linked administrative data, including birth registry, primary health care client information system, FPP program data, and child protection data. Participants were children of women eligible for the FPP program (an exposed and a control group of women, eligible but not referred) live-born between 1/3/2009 (program commencement) and 31/12/2015. Child protection data covered all reports, investigations, substantiations and out-of-home care placements from the time of the childâs birth to 31/12/2016. Generalised linear modelling was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of involvement with child protection and type of involvement (report, investigation, substantiation, out-of-home-care placement) among FPP and control children. Results FPP mothers (n = 291) were on average younger, were more likely to be first-time mothers and experiencing housing instability than control mothers (n = 563). Among younger mothers 20 years, FPP children had statistically significantly lower rates of involvement with child protection (ARRreport = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.82; ARRinvestigation = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.64; ARRsubstantiation = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.96) and experience fewer days in care (ARR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.48). Among children of first-time mothers, FPP children also had statistically significantly lower rates of involvement with child protection (ARRreport = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.83; ARRinvestigation = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.67; ARRsubstantiation = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.80) and fewer days in care (ARR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.27). Conclusion Study results suggest a modified Nurse Family Partnership delivered by an Indigenous community-controlled organisation may have reduced child protection system involvement in a highly vulnerable First Nations population, especially in younger or first-time mothers. Testing these results with an RCT design is desirable
Random Costs in Combinatorial Optimization
The random cost problem is the problem of finding the minimum in an
exponentially long list of random numbers. By definition, this problem cannot
be solved faster than by exhaustive search. It is shown that a classical
NP-hard optimization problem, number partitioning, is essentially equivalent to
the random cost problem. This explains the bad performance of heuristic
approaches to the number partitioning problem and allows us to calculate the
probability distributions of the optimum and sub-optimum costs.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, 2 figures (eps), submitted to PR
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