Structural variation of centromeric endogenous retroviruses in human populations and their impact on cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Sézary syndrome, and HIV infection

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Human Endogenous Retroviruses type K HML-2 (HK2) are integrated into 117 or more areas of human chromosomal arms while two newly discovered HK2 proviruses, K111 and K222, spread extensively in pericentromeric regions, are the first retroviruses discovered in these areas of our genome. Methods: We use PCR and sequencing analysis to characterize pericentromeric K111 proviruses in DNA from individuals of diverse ethnicities and patients with different diseases. Results: We found that the 5′ LTR-gag region of K111 proviruses is missing in certain individuals, creating pericentromeric instability. K111 deletion (-/- K111) is seen in about 15% of Caucasian, Asian, and Middle Eastern populations; it is missing in 2.36% of African individuals, suggesting that the -/- K111 genotype originated out of Africa. As we identified the -/-K111 genotype in Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell lines, we studied whether the -/-K111 genotype is associated with CTCL. We found a significant increase in the frequency of detection of the -/-K111 genotype in Caucasian patients with severe CTCL and/or Sézary syndrome (n = 35, 37.14%), compared to healthy controls (n = 160, 15.6%) [p = 0.011]. The -/-K111 genotype was also found to vary in HIV-1 infection. Although Caucasian healthy individuals have a similar frequency of detection of the -/- K111 genotype, Caucasian HIV Long-Term Non-Progressors (LTNPs) and/or elite controllers, have significantly higher detection of the -/-K111 genotype (30.55%; n = 36) than patients who rapidly progress to AIDS (8.5%; n = 47) [p = 0.0097]. Conclusion: Our data indicate that pericentromeric instability is associated with more severe CTCL and/or Sézary syndrome in Caucasians, and appears to allow T-cells to survive lysis by HIV infection. These findings also provide new understanding of human evolution, as the -/-K111 genotype appears to have arisen out of Africa and is distributed unevenly throughout the world, possibly affecting the severity of HIV in different geographic areas

Разработка веб-приложения для автоматического построения отчетов на основе системы компьютерной вёрстки TeX

Объект исследования: система компьютерной верстки TeX и её использование для автоматизации построения отчётов. Цель работы: разработка веб-приложения для работы с системой компьютерной вёрстки TeX для автоматизации построения отчётов по заранее заданным шаблонам. Область применения: компьютерная вёрстка, электронный документооборот, стандартизация электронной документации. Экономическая значимость работы: сокращается время и стоимость рабочих часов на подготовку отчётов, увеличивается производительность работы, сокращается расход бумаги.Object of study: computer typesetting system TeX and its use for automation of the reporting. Goal: to develop a web application to work with the computer typesetting system TeX to automate reporting by pre-defined templates. Applications: desktop publishing, electronic documentation, standardization of electronic documentation. The economic significance of the work: it reduces the time and cost of working hours in preparation of reports increased productivity, reduced paper consumption

Superconductivity in Fullerides

Experimental studies of superconductivity properties of fullerides are briefly reviewed. Theoretical calculations of the electron-phonon coupling, in particular for the intramolecular phonons, are discussed extensively. The calculations are compared with coupling constants deduced from a number of different experimental techniques. It is discussed why the A_3 C_60 are not Mott-Hubbard insulators, in spite of the large Coulomb interaction. Estimates of the Coulomb pseudopotential $\mu^*$, describing the effect of the Coulomb repulsion on the superconductivity, as well as possible electronic mechanisms for the superconductivity are reviewed. The calculation of various properties within the Migdal-Eliashberg theory and attempts to go beyond this theory are described.Comment: 33 pages, latex2e, revtex using rmp style, 15 figures, submitted to Review of Modern Physics, more information at http://radix2.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/fullerene/fullerene.htm

Выбор участка эксплуатационного объекта для применения гидродинамических методов увеличения нефтеотдачи в процессе разработки месторождений

Объектом исследования являются технологии гидродинамических методов увеличения нефтеотдачи. Цель исследования – обоснование применения гидродинамических методов увеличения нефтеотдачи на эксплуатационных объектах нефтяных месторождений. В процессе исследования были подробно рассмотрены технологии гидродинамических методов нефтеотдачи, применяемых на нефтяных месторождениях, а также рассмотрена эффективность применения от внедрения технологий в процесс эксплуатации месторождения. Проведен обзор применения различных методов и анализ их эффективности применения. Проанализирован метод комбинированного нестационарного заводнения.The object of the research is the technologies of hydrodynamic methods of increasing oil recovery. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the use of hydrodynamic methods for enhancing oil recovery at production facilities of oil fields. In the course of the study, the technologies of hydrodynamic methods of oil recovery used in oil fields were considered in detail, and the effectiveness of the application from the introduction of technologies into the process of operating the field was considered. A review of the application of various methods and an analysis of their effectiveness are carried out. The method of combined non-stationary waterflooding is analyzed