36 research outputs found
Which are the Parameters to be Controlled in Red Cell Products (Whole Blood, Red Cell Concentrates, Washed Red Cells, Leucocyte Poor Red Cell Concentrates, Frozen Red Cells) in Order that They May be Offered to the Medical Profession as Standardised Products with Specified Properties?
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73259/1/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01863.x.pd
Pathogenesis-Related PR-1 Proteins Are Antifungal (Isolation and Characterization of Three 14-Kilodalton Proteins of Tomato and of a Basic PR-1 of Tobacco with Inhibitory Activity against Phytophthora infestans)
Dendritic cells are defective in breast cancer patients: a potential role for polyamine in this immunodeficiency
INTRODUCTION: Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that are currently employed in cancer clinical trials. However, it is not clear whether their ability to induce tumour-specific immune responses when they are isolated from cancer patients is reduced relative to their ability in vivo. We determined the phenotype and functional activity of DCs from cancer patients and investigated the effect of putrescine, a polyamine molecule that is released in large amounts by cancer cells and has been implicated in metastatic invasion, on DCs. METHODS: The IL-4/GM-CSF (granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor) procedure for culturing blood monocyte-derived DCs was applied to cells from healthy donors and patients (17 with breast, 7 with colorectal and 10 with renal cell carcinoma). The same peroxide-treated tumour cells (M74 cell line) were used for DC pulsing. We investigated the effects of stimulation of autologous lymphocytes by DCs pulsed with treated tumour cells (DC-Tu), and cytolytic activity of T cells was determined in the same target cells. RESULTS: Certain differences were observed between donors and breast cancer patients. The yield of DCs was dramatically weaker, and expression of MHC class II was lower and the percentage of HLA-DR(-)Lin(- )cells higher in patients. Whatever combination of maturating agents was used, expression of markers of mature DCs was significantly lower in patients. Also, DCs from patients exhibited reduced ability to stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocytes. After DC-Tu stimulation, specific cytolytic activity was enhanced by up to 40% when DCs were from donors but only up to 10% when they were from patients. IFN-γ production was repeatedly found to be enhanced in donors but not in patients. By adding putrescine to DCs from donors, it was possible to enhance the HLA-DR(-)Lin(- )cell percentage and to reduce the final cytolytic activity of lymphocytes after DC-Tu stimulation, mimicking defective DC function. These putrescine-induced deficiencies were reversed by treating DCs with all-trans retinoic acid. CONCLUSION: These data are consistent with blockade of antigen-presenting cells at an early stage of differentiation in patients with breast cancer. Putrescine released in the microenvironmement of DCs could be involved in this blockade. Use of all-trans retinoic acid treatment to reverse this blockade and favour ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific T lymphocytes is of real interest
Hypoxylon mammatum toxins: possible involvement in canker development on aspen
International audienc
Isolement d'anticorps anti-HLA-DR et des cellules homozygotes HLA-DW. Influence respective des structures DR et D en transplantation renale chez l'homme
Action concertee: Mecanismes des reactions d'allogreffes et de l'autoimmuniteSIGLEAvailable from Centre de Documentation Scientifique et Technique, CNRS, 26 rue Boyer, 75971 Paris Cedex 20 (France) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc