The Law and Economics of Identity

24 Social norms, for example, have long had an important impact on gender roles in employment specifically with respect to work/family concerns.25 Moreover, one of the central conclusions of the famous Hawthorne experiments of the 1930s26 was that employee work effort is significantly influenced by the norms of the employee\u27s workgroup with respect to what constitutes an appropriate work level or output.27 Applying this analysis, employees are deemed not irrational when they don\u27t increase output in response to increased employer incentive pay; they are simply responding to workplace social norms-i.e., they don\u27t want to be ostracized by fellow employees as ratebusters

Strategic Judicial Decision Making

This survey paper starts from the basic, and intuitive, assumption that judges are human and as such, can be modeled in the same fashion we model politicians, activists, managers: driven by well-defined preferences, behaving in a purposive and forward-looking fashion. We explore, then, the role politics play in judicial decision-making. We provide a brief overview of what is called the "strategic approach," compare it to alternative approaches to understand judicial behavior, and offer some concluding thoughts about the future of positive analyses of judicial decision-making.

Card Check Recognition: New House Rules for Union Organizing?

MISSIN

Employee Blogs and Social Capital: A Time for State Legislative Action

This Article addresses the issue of employee blogging and the interplay between such blogging and the asserted recent decline in American “social capital.” Relying on the recent work of Harvard political scientist Robert Putnam, we argue that blogging by employees can play an important role in helping reverse the decline in social capital but that current legal structures impede that goal. The Article proposes state legislative reforms to ameliorate this situation. We begin Part I by developing the argument that there is an important relationship between employee blogging and American social capital. Part II presents a review of blogs and the blogging phenomena. Part III discusses blogs in the context of Professor Putnam’s path-breaking work, and examines the special place employment and the workplace have in the social capital story. Part IV more specifically analyzes the role blogs play as generators of social capital, particularly in the employment context. Part V looks at the protections afforded employee bloggers under the National Labor Relations Act. Part VI then examines the issue in the context of both state common and statutory law. In Part VII we review various options for legal reform in the area, and ultimately recommend as the best approach specific state legislative action, i.e., the amendment of state statutes protecting off-duty tobacco usage to also protect off-duty employee blogging. Part VIII concludes our work

Medición de éxito y fracaso en extubación y su relación con los indicadores clínicos convencionales en pacientes de unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI) en el Hospital Santa Clara de Bogotá

La descontinuación de la ventilación mecánica es un proceso importante para los desenlaces clínicos de los paciente, la suspensión prematura de este proceso incluye dificultad en el restablecimiento de una via aérea artificial y compromiso en el intercambio gaseoso, la demora innecesaria incrementa el riesgo de complicaciones como neumonía (1), trauma de la vía aérea (2,3) y aumento de costos hospitalarios (4). Se estima que cerca del 40% del tiempo de los pacientes en ventilación mecánica se emplea en su descontinuación. Diversos parámetros predictores de éxito en el proceso de extubación, descritos en la literatura mundial como el indice de Tobin menor que 110, Puntaje de via aérea (menor que7), Test de CUFF LEAK (mayor que 100) Capacidad Vital (CV) mayor de 250-300ml, Presión inspiratoria máxima (PIM) mayor de 20 cmH20 y tolerancia a la respiración espontánea durante 1 hora, no aseguran el éxito en el 100%. A partir del uso de varios indicadores clínicos como protocolo buscamos identificar los posibles factores asociados al éxito durante la descontinuación de la ventilación mecánic

Multi-mode ultra-strong coupling in circuit quantum electrodynamics

With the introduction of superconducting circuits into the field of quantum optics, many novel experimental demonstrations of the quantum physics of an artificial atom coupled to a single-mode light field have been realized. Engineering such quantum systems offers the opportunity to explore extreme regimes of light-matter interaction that are inaccessible with natural systems. For instance the coupling strength $g$ can be increased until it is comparable with the atomic or mode frequency $\omega_{a,m}$ and the atom can be coupled to multiple modes which has always challenged our understanding of light-matter interaction. Here, we experimentally realize the first Transmon qubit in the ultra-strong coupling regime, reaching coupling ratios of $g/\omega_{m}=0.19$ and we measure multi-mode interactions through a hybridization of the qubit up to the fifth mode of the resonator. This is enabled by a qubit with 88% of its capacitance formed by a vacuum-gap capacitance with the center conductor of a coplanar waveguide resonator. In addition to potential applications in quantum information technologies due to its small size and localization of electric fields in vacuum, this new architecture offers the potential to further explore the novel regime of multi-mode ultra-strong coupling.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure

La medecine d'urgence en montagne en Cerdagne

[La medicina d'urgència en muntanya a la Cerdanya

Approaching ultra-strong coupling in Transmon circuit-QED using a high-impedance resonator

In this experiment, we couple a superconducting Transmon qubit to a high-impedance $645\ \Omega$ microwave resonator. Doing so leads to a large qubit-resonator coupling rate $g$, measured through a large vacuum Rabi splitting of $2g\simeq 910$ MHz. The coupling is a significant fraction of the qubit and resonator oscillation frequencies $\omega$, placing our system close to the ultra-strong coupling regime ($\bar{g}=g/\omega=0.071$ on resonance). Combining this setup with a vacuum-gap Transmon architecture shows the potential of reaching deep into the ultra-strong coupling $\bar{g} \sim 0.45$ with Transmon qubits