A Rare Presentation of Odontogenic Keratocyst Mimicking an Antral Polyp

Maxillary sinus harbours many pathological lesions. Many of those presents as a sinonasal mass and are rarely symptomatic. These masses are usually an antral polyp, mucoceles or mucous retention cysts. Odontogenic keratocyst, a benign odontogenic lesion presenting within the maxillary sinus is a rare entity. We present a case of odontogenic keratocyst of the maxillary sinus in a 35 years old female

IL10 variant g.5311A is associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis in Indian population

Background: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a multifactorial disease, where the host genetics play a significant role in determining the disease outcome. The immunological role of anti-inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin 10 (IL10), has been well-documented in parasite infections and considered as a key regulatory cytokine for VL. Although VL patients in India display high level of IL10 in blood serum, no genetic study has been conducted to assess the VL susceptibility/resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the role of IL10 variations in Indian VL; and to estimate the distribution of disease associated allele in diverse Indian populations. Methodology: All the exons and exon-intron boundaries of IL10 were sequenced in 184 VL patients along with 172 ethnically matched controls from VL endemic region of India. Result and Discussion: Our analysis revealed four variations; rs1518111 (2195 A>G, intron), rs1554286 (2607 C>T, intron), rs3024496 (4976 T>C, 3’ UTR) and rs3024498 (5311 A>G, 3’ UTR). Of these, a variant g.5311A is significantly associated with VL (χ2 = 18.87; p = 0.00001). In silico approaches have shown that a putative micro RNA binding site (miR-4321) is lost in rs3024498 mRNA. Further, analysis of the above four variations in 1138 individuals from 34 ethnic populations, representing different social and linguistic groups who are inhabited in different geographical regions of India, showed variable frequency. Interestingly, we have found, majority of the tribal populations have low frequency of VL (‘A’ of rs3024498); and high frequency of leprosy (‘T’ of rs1554286), and Behcet’s (‘A’ of rs1518111) associated alleles, whereas these were vice versa in castes. Our findings suggest that majority of tribal populations of India carry the protected/less severe allele against VL, while risk/more severe allele for leprosy and Behcet’s disease. This study has potential implications in counseling and management of VL and other infectious diseases

Study of hardness and flexural strength of banyan and peepal fibre reinforced hybrid composites

In the present work, Banyan and Peepal fibre reinforced hybrid composites are prepared through hand Lay- up technique..The objective of the work is to investigate the hardness and flexural properties of eight varieties of banyan – peepal hybrid composites. The composites include banyan-peepal-banyan-peepal-banyan fibre composite, peepal-banyan-peepal-banyan-peepal fibre composite, banyan-copper-banyan-copper-banyan fibre composite (F1-Cu-F1-Cu-F1), peepal-copper-peepal-copper-peepal fibre composite, banyan-peepal-copper-peepal-banyan fibre composite, peepal-copper-banyan-copper-peepal fibre composite, peepal-banyan-copper-banyan-peepal fibre composite, and banyan-copper-peepal-copper-banyan fibre composite . Each of these composites is prepared in 00 orientations (i.e., fibres parallel each other), 450 (i.e., fibres at 450 to each other) and 900 orientations (i.e., fibres perpendicular to each other). It is observed from the results that, the hardness of F2-Cu-F1-Cu-F2 composite with 900 orientation is high and that of F1-F2-F1-F2-F1 composite with 450 orientation is low. It is also noticed that, the bending strength of F2-Cu-F1-Cu-F2 composite with 00 orientation is high and that of F2-F1-F2-F1-F2 composite with 450 orientation is low, and as far as the composites with 90⁰ orientations are considered, no results are obtained. Further it is noticed that, the hardness of all the eight composites with 90˚ orientation is found to be high compared to their remaining orientations and also the hardness of all the composites with 45˚ orientation is low compared to their 0˚ and 90˚ orientation

Study of hardness and flexural strength of banyan and peepal fibre reinforced hybrid composites

In the present work, Banyan and Peepal fibre reinforced hybrid composites are prepared through hand Lay- up technique..The objective of the work is to investigate the hardness and flexural properties of eight varieties of banyan – peepal hybrid composites. The composites include banyan-peepal-banyan-peepal-banyan fibre composite, peepal-banyan-peepal-banyan-peepal fibre composite, banyan-copper-banyan-copper-banyan fibre composite (F1-Cu-F1-Cu-F1), peepal-copper-peepal-copper-peepal fibre composite, banyan-peepal-copper-peepal-banyan fibre composite, peepal-copper-banyan-copper-peepal fibre composite, peepal-banyan-copper-banyan-peepal fibre composite, and banyan-copper-peepal-copper-banyan fibre composite . Each of these composites is prepared in 00 orientations (i.e., fibres parallel each other), 450 (i.e., fibres at 450 to each other) and 900 orientations (i.e., fibres perpendicular to each other). It is observed from the results that, the hardness of F2-Cu-F1-Cu-F2 composite with 900 orientation is high and that of F1-F2-F1-F2-F1 composite with 450 orientation is low. It is also noticed that, the bending strength of F2-Cu-F1-Cu-F2 composite with 00 orientation is high and that of F2-F1-F2-F1-F2 composite with 450 orientation is low, and as far as the composites with 90⁰ orientations are considered, no results are obtained. Further it is noticed that, the hardness of all the eight composites with 90˚ orientation is found to be high compared to their remaining orientations and also the hardness of all the composites with 45˚ orientation is low compared to their 0˚ and 90˚ orientation

A 1-year randomized controlled trial to compare the outcome of primary repair of hypospadias with vascular cover using tunica vaginalis flap with those using preputial dartos fascia

Background: Tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty is the most common technique noted to correct hypospadias. However, urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) is still one of the most common complications of this technique. Several techniques of providing vascularized flaps to the neourethra have been recommended to decrease this complication rate. The aim of the study was to assess the outcome of primary repair of hypospadias using tunica vaginalis (TV) flap with those using preputial dartos (PD) fascia. Patients and Methods: Children diagnosed with hypospadias between the age group of 9 months to 18 years, who fulfilled the criteria were randomly divided into two groups by computerized randomization technique. Initially, TIP urethroplasty was done. Children with PD vascular cover were included in Group A and those with TV vascular cover were included in Group B. All the patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months after surgery. Results: Two (10%) patients in Group A developed UCF and one (5%) patient developed stricture urethra in the follow-up period. None of the patients developed UCF in the Group B. One (5%) patient had stricture urethra in Group B. Two (10%) patient developed meatal stenosis in Group A. Two (10%) patient in Group B developed meatal stenosis. Conclusions: TV flap could be an alternative to PD flap as a vascular cover of neourethra in patients undergoing primary hypospadias repair by TIP urethroplasty

Green Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity Studies of Silver Nanoparticles from the Aqueous Extracts of Euphorbia hirta

The aqueous extracts of Euphorbia hirta was used to synthesise silver nanoparticles using bioreduction method. The nanoparticles were characterised by UV Vis spectroscopic analysis, SEM, EDX, AFM, XRD analysis. The silver nanoparticles were also tested for antibacterial activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. The minimum inhibitory concentration for the synthesised nano particles were also tested against the two bacterial species for the least concentration of 0.5µg/mL. The swarming motility assay and protein leakage assay was also tested for the nanoparticle. The silver nanoparticles were found to be much effective