Comparison of ophthalmic artery Doppler indices among hypertensive and normotensive pregnant women in third trimester: association with perinatal outcomes

Background: In this study, we compared ophthalmic artery Doppler indices between normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women in third trimester and then evaluated if the alterations in ophthalmic artery doppler indices were seen in all the types of hypertensions in pregnancy or confined to preclaampsia. Further we tried to see correlation of ophthalmic artery Doppler indices with perinatal outcomes in terms of fetal growth restriction (FGR), prematurity, neonatal intensive care unit admission (NICU) and maternal outcomes and tried to arrive at mean values of ophthalmic artery Doppler indices to predict adverse outcomes. Methods: 50 hypertensive and 50 normotensive pregnant women were recruited in third trimester. A thorough history about hypertension was taken, obstetric scan was done to know estimated fetal weight, and doppler of umbilical, middle cerebral artery, uterine arteries was done. Simultaneously maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler readings were taken, women were followed up after delivery and perinatal outcomes were recorded. Results: Comparison of mean values of ophthalmic artery doppler parameters in women with and without hypertension showed statistically significant differences with respect to the peak systolic velocity 2 (PSV2), PI (pulsatility index), RI (resistivity index) and peak ratio (PR) (PR=PSV2/PSV1). Significant difference was found only in PR value in preeclampsia group compared to other subgroups of hypertension. In the hypertension group complicated with FGR the mean peak ratio=0.8 whereas in the hypertension group requiring preterm delivery the mean peak ratio=0.78, and in the hypertension group requiring NICU admission the mean peak ratio=0.81. At ophthalmic artery PR cut off ≤0.725, the sensitivity and specificity were 76% and 65% respectively to predict FGR. Conclusions: Pregnancy complicated by hypertension showed alterations in ophthalmic artery Doppler indices. Among the subgroups of hypertension, ophthalmic artery PR was the best index for discriminating preclampsia from other types and it was significantly higher in hypertensive pregnant women who had adverse perinatal outcomes. Ophthalmic artery PR has almost similar performance as uterine artery PI in indicating FGR in our study. It could also indicate maternal disease severity such as hypertensive crisis requiring ICU admission, the study number was small

Role of hysterolaparoscopy in management of infertility a retrospective clinical analysis

Background: Diagnosis and treatment of infertility is an elaborate process. The goal of treating clinician is to decide upon the plan of management best suited to the couple by selecting relevant investigations and procedures from available options. Objective was to determine the role of hysterolaparoscopy in the management of infertility.  Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary canter (Department of reproductive medicine and surgery) over a period of 12 months-January 2019 to December 2019. Women aged 20-40 years with primary or secondary infertility, except male factor infertility, undergoing hysterolaparoscopy were included. Results: Out of 41 cases, 71.84% patients had primary infertility. Common laparoscopic abnormalities were adhesions (36.5%) and endometriosis (17.07%) Hysteroscopy revealed polyps (9.7%) and intrauterine synechia (4.8%) as common pathologies. The diagnosed pathologies were dealt surgically in the same sitting. Plan of infertility treatment could be outlined in all patients based on intraoperative findings. Conclusion: Hysterolaparoscopy serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purpose. Various pelvic, peritoneal, tubal, endometrial and uterine factors can be diagnosed and treated at the same time. The clinician has to be well versed and skilled in selecting and performing the appropriate surgery. Clinical information gained from hysterolaparoscopy helps in decision making and designing individualized, evidence-based treatment plan can for the patients

The synthesis and X-Ray structure analysis of an unusual bent anthraquinone based coronand

The phase transfer catalyzed cyclisation of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone with bis(2-bromoethyl) ether provides an unusual bent anthraquinone based coronand

Synthetic ionophores. Part 18: Ag<SUP>+</SUP> selective trithiabenzena-and dithiabenzenapyridinacyclophanes

The phase transfer catalysed nucleophilic displacement of 1,3-bis(bromomethyl)benzene, 2-methoxy-5- methyl-1,3-bis(bromomethyl)benzene (2) and 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)benzene with 2-mercaptoethanol gives the respective diols 3, 4 and 12 (80-85%), which undergo intermolecular cyclodehydrochlorination with thiodiglycolyl dichloride and pyridine-2,6-dicarbonyl dichloride?HCl to provide m-phenylene (7-10) and p-phenylene (13-14) based crownophanes. The single crystal X-ray structures of crownophanes 8 and 13 and their NMR studies show that the m-phenylene and p-phenylene rings remain in plane and perpendicular to the macrocyclic ring both in solution and solid phases. These crownophanes offer three soft coordinating sites (3 &#215; S or 2 &#215; S and 1 N) conducive to complexation with Ag+ and the steric restrictions imposed by m- and p-phenylene rings restrict 2 :1 (L :M) sandwich complexation required for complexation with the borderline soft Pb2+ cation. The crownophanes 7 and 9 extract Ag+ 172 and 602 times, respectively, more than Pb2+

A Case of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Intracranial Sinus Thrombosis : Possible rare complications of childhood abdominal tuberculosis

Severe pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) complicated by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in adults has been reported previously in the medical literature; however, childhood extrapulmonary TB complicated by DVT is rare. We report a 13-year-old girl who presented to the Department of Pediatrics at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Rohtak, India, in 2012 with abdominal TB complicated by DVT and intracranial sinus thrombosis. She was treated with a course of four antitubercular drugs and short-term anticoagulation therapy with a positive outcome over the next six months. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous reports have yet suggested a possible association between childhood TB and intracranial sinus thrombosis