578 research outputs found
Effects of spatial noncommutativity on energy spectrum of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
In noncommutative space, we examine the problem of a noninteracting and
harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate, and derive a simple analytic
expression for the effect of spatial noncommutativity on energy spectrum of the
condensate. It indicates that the ground-state energy incorporating the spatial
noncommutativity is reduced to a lower level, which depends upon the
noncommutativity parameter . The appeared gap between the
noncommutative space and commutative one for the ground-state level of the
condensate should be a signal of spatial noncommutativity.Comment: 7 pages; revtex
Effective Field Theories and Finite-temperature Properties of Zero-dimensional Superradiant Quantum Phase Transitions
The existence of zero-dimensional superradiant quantum phase transitions
seems inconsistent with conventional statistical physics, which has not been
explained so far. Here we demonstrate the corresponding effective field
theories and finite-temperature properties of light-matter interacting systems,
and show how this zero-dimensional quantum phase transition occurs. We first
focus on the Rabi model, which is a minimum model that hosts a superradiant
quantum phase transition. With the path integral method, we derive the
imaginary-time action of the photon degrees of freedom. We also define a
dynamical exponent as the rescaling between the temperature and the photon
frequency, and perform dimensional analysis to the effective action. Our
results show that the effective theory becomes a free scalar field or
-theory for a proper dynamical exponent, where a true second-order
quantum phase transition emerges. These results are also verified by numerical
simulations of imaginary-time correlation functions of the order parameter.
Furthermore, we also generalize this method to the Dicke model. Our results
make the zero-dimensional superradiant quantum phase transition compatible with
conventional statistical physics, and pave the way to understand it in the
perspective of effective field theories.Comment: 6+4 pages, 2 figure
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