Influence of Family Structure on Adolescent Sexual Behaviour in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

The study investigates the influence of family structure on adolescent sexual behaviour in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The research was conducted by taking a sample of 330 adolescents who are 15-24 years. The analytical techniques used in the study are: univariate, bivariate and chi-square tests. The key findings of this study are: firstly, there are two types of family structures identified which include: in-tact and divorced families. Secondly, that the in-tact (at p=0.000) has significant influence on adolescent sexual behaviour. Thirdly, at p=0.000, it was observed that divorced family has significant effect on adolescent sexual behaviour. The recommendations for this study are that there is urgent strong counsel for folks in Nigerian society at large to shun divorce and value marriages thereby having more intact-homes which will curtail to a large extent immoral sexual behaviour among the adolescents

The Definitions and Onset of an Old Person in South-Western Nigeria

The paper investigated the definitions and onset of an old person in South-Western Nigeria. The study captured 13 and 11 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos and Oyo States. The states were selected randomly among the six states in the southwest geo-political zone of Nigeria. Similar procedure was adopted in selecting the LGAs. A triangulation approach was used in the research design. Four FGDs and 30 In-depth interviews were conducted as exploratory approaches. This was later complimented with face-to-face interviews among 938 old persons using questionnaire administration in the selected locations. Only descriptive analyses were carried out. Major findings include different dimensions of the definitions of 'an old person' which centered on frailty, inactivity, loss of strength, respect; sickness; growing old and inability to do hard work. A popular assertion for the onset of old person is that anyone who has reached the age of 50 years and above is regarded as an old person. The finding contradicts other culture (especially western) perspectives that old person or elderly begins at 60 or 65 years. The study represents an insight for governments and other stakeholders that all plans and benefit/provisions for aged should take into cognisance the onset of this period and give room for appropriate classification aged in South West Nigeria

Modelling regional differentials in childhood and adult mortality in Nigeria

Context: Nigeria is one of the countries yet to undergo demographic transition in sub-Saharan Africa. This study provided estimates of childhood and Adult mortality across geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Data Source and Method: The parameters used in this study were estimated from 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Child and adult mortality were estimated using Brass logit system and siblings survival method respectively and then linked using the logit life tables. Heligman pollard model was used to generate estimates of probability of death.Findings: There were regional variations in the levels of infant and under-five mortality in Nigeria, mortality was highest in the North West and least in South West. Survivorship probabilities decreased as age increased. The age patterns of childhood and adult mortality were similar across all regions. Life expectancy from birth in Nigeria was 58 years.Conclusion: The estimated mortality rates were high and varied across the regions in Nigeria. While government should not relent its efforts in childhood mortality reduction in Nigeria, more attention should be focused on children who live in the Northern part of Nigeri

Decomposing the rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

Abstract Background Overweight and obese women face various reproductive and other health challenges, and in some cases, even mortality. Despite evidence of rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age, there is limited evidence regarding the predictors of these disparities. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with overweight and obesity and examine the contributors to rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Methods We utilized the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The survey employed a two-stage cluster sampling technique based on Nigeria’s 2006 census enumeration areas for sample selection. Overweight and obesity were defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25. Data analyses were conducted using the Logistic Regression Model and the threefold Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition model (α0.05). Results The study revealed that older women (OR = 2.44; CI = 2.11–2.83), those with higher wealth (OR = 2.05; CI = 1.81–2.31), contraceptive users (OR = 1.41; CI = 1.27–1.57), and residents of the South-South region (OR = 1.24; CI = 1.07–1.45) were more likely to be overweight/obese. The decomposition analysis indicated that the mean predicted prevalence of overweight and obesity is 35.5% in urban areas, compared to 21.1% in rural areas of Nigeria. Factors such as wealth status, educational level, media exposure, and contraceptive use were identified as significant contributors to these disparities. Conclusion The findings underscore the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities when designing healthcare interventions to reduce the burden of overweight and obesity, particularly in urban areas. Prioritizing these factors can facilitate efforts to promote healthier lifestyles and enhance overall well-being

Influence of Drug Abuse on Academic Performances, Parents’ life style and Peer-Pressure among the Nigerian University students

The paper tries to explore the influence of drug abuse on academic performances, parents’ life style and peer-pressure among the Nigerian University students. A total sample size of 350 University undergraduates was interviewed through questionnaire administration in a private University in Ota Ogun state, Nigeria. The sample taking for the study was 14 percent of the total population (2,480) of the students in 2013 during data gathering. The univariate, bivariate and Chi-square tests were employed in the analyses of the study. The major findings of this study are: Firstly, at p=0.000, there is a high significant influence of drug abuse on academic performances among the Nigerian University students. Secondly, at p=0.01, it was discovered that parents’ lifestyle (parents’ drug-in-take) had a significant effect on drug abuse by the Nigerian University students. Thirdly, the study revealed that peer influence has no significant effect on drug abuse amongst the University students at p=0.216. The recommendations for this study are: firstly, there should be henceforth, minimum of 5 years jail-term for any Nigerian University student found guilty of drug abuse both within and outside the campus. Secondly, from now on, those parents found guilty of drug abuse in Nigerian society should be sentenced to 10 years imprisonment with hard labor. Thirdly, in any Nigerian family where either the child or parent is guilty of drug abuse, such family should not be allowed to hold any public leadership position in any capacity throughout their life time. Key Words: Academic performances, Drug abuse, Nigerian university students

Influence of Family Structure on Adolescent Sexual Behaviour in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

The study investigates the influence of family structure on adolescent sexual behaviour in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The research was conducted by taking a sample of 330 adolescents who are 15-24 years. The analytical techniques used in the study are: univariate, bivariate and chi-square tests. The key findings of this study are: firstly, there are two types of family structures identified which include: in-tact and divorced families. Secondly, that the in-tact (at p=0.000) has significant influence on adolescent sexual behaviour. Thirdly, at p=0.000, it was observed that divorced family has significant effect on adolescent sexual behaviour. The recommendations for this study are that there is urgent strong counsel for folks in Nigerian society at large to shun divorce and value marriages thereby having more intact-homes which will curtail to a large extent immoral sexual behaviour among the adolescents. Key Words: Adolescent, Family structure, Sexual behaviou

Ethnicity as a cultural factor influencing complete vaccination among children aged 12-23 months in Nigeria

Achieving complete vaccination for children has been challenging in Nigeria. Yet, addressing Nigeria’s completeness of vaccination requires ethno-cultural diversity consideration rather than nationally population based. This study explored patterns and determinants of complete vaccination among children of Hausa/Fulani, Igbo and Yoruba, the predominant ethnicities in Nigeria. The study used a cross-sectional data involving 3980 children aged 12–23 months extracted from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey dataset. In this study, complete vaccination is defined as a child who received all recommended vaccinations. A generalized linear mixed model applied to clustered data was used for data analysis (α = 0.05). The prevalence of complete vaccinations was 56.3%, 40.8% and 18.2% among Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa/Fulani children, respectively. The likelihood of complete vaccination was higher among children who were of Igbo (aOR = 1.38; CI: 1.20–1.59) compared with Hausa/Fulani. Predictors of complete vaccination were maternal age-at-childbirth, education, prenatal-care attendant and place of delivery among Hausa/Fulani; place of residence and perceived access to self-medical help, among Igbo; while prenatal-care attendance, among Yoruba. The odds of complete vaccination were higher among Hausa/Fulani (aOR = 1.65; CI: 1.04–2.61), Igbo (aOR = 2.55; CI: 1.20–5.44) and Yoruba (aOR = 4.22; CI: 1.27–13.96) children from higher wealth-quintile households compared to those from poor households. There was evidence of variability in the likelihood of complete vaccination in all the ethnic groups. The Hausa/Fulani tribe had the lowest complete vaccination coverage for children aged 12–23 months. Context-specific program intervention to improve complete vaccination is needed to ensure that the SDG target for vaccination is met